Vladimir Putin
Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin has been the President of Russia since 7 May 2012, a job he had from 2000 to 2008, and as Prime Minister from 1999 to 2000 and again from 2008 to 2012. Before becoming Prime Minister, he was head of the FSB (at the time of the 1999 Russian Apartment bombings).[1] He had previously worked as a KGB agent since 1975.
Contents
Career
For 16 years Putin served as an officer in the KGB, rising to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel before he moved into politics, in his native Saint Petersburg in 1991. He moved to Moscow in 1996 and joined President Boris Yeltsin's administration where he rose quickly, becoming Acting President on 31 December 1999 when Yeltsin resigned unexpectedly. Putin won the subsequent 2000 presidential election and was re-elected in 2004. Because of constitutionally mandated term limits, Putin was ineligible to run for a third consecutive presidential term in 2008. Dmitry Medvedev won the 2008 presidential election and appointed Putin as Prime Minister beginning a period of so-called "tandemocracy".[2] In September 2011, following a change in the law extending the presidential term from four years to six,[3] Putin announced that he would seek a third, non-consecutive term as President in the 2012 presidential election, an announcement which led to protests in many Russian cities. He won the election in March 2012 and is now serving a six-year term.[4][5]
Opinions
As a head-spook turned president, the purpose of Putin's statements should be weighed more critically than most presidents, as George H. W. Bush his influence has shown. Interestingly enough, Putin often touches deep politics (as long as it's not about Russia) in his remarks at conferences, sometimes actually acknowledging larger purposes to deep events, but sometimes denying obvious deep events altogether, such as 9-11.
“His unpredictability is not related to him exclusively, it is also related to a very strong opposition within the country. They are stopping him from delivering almost any of his election platforms and plans. As soon as he makes a decision on migrants, a court blocks it straight-away. It happens all the time. So, it is wrong to say that his unpredictability depends only on him. No, it depends on the entire American political system.”
Vladimir Putin (July 2018) [6]
9/11 Denial
In 2011, at the Seliger 2011 youth forum, Putin replied to an audience question that "This is complete nonsense, it is impossible... To imagine that US intelligence services did it deliberately, with their own hands, is complete nonsense... Only people who do not understand the workings of security agencies can say that. It would be impossible to conceal it.”[7]
MH17
In August 2014, Professor Cees Hamelink wrote to Putin apologizing on behalf of the Netherlands government and media for the way "the facts concerning MH17, Syria and Ukraine are twisted to defame you and your country."[8][9]
Litvinenko
- Full article: Alexander Litvinenko#Public Inquiry
- Full article: Alexander Litvinenko#Public Inquiry
On 21 January 2016, a long-awaited UK report into the death of ex-Russian spy Alexander Litvinenko [10] found two Russian men - Andrei Lugovoi and Dmitry Kovtun - deliberately poisoned 44-year-old Litvinenko in London in 2006 by putting the radioactive substance polonium-210 into his drink. It suggested this was probably done on the orders of the FSB with the knowledge and approval of the Russian President.[11]
Skripal affair
On 27 September 2018, Labour Party Deputy Leader Tom Watson claimed that the chemical attack in Salisbury was "ordered personally" by Vladimir Putin. Watson said fresh proof that one of the men accused by the UK of carrying it out is a Russian military officer showed that it was authorised by the Kremlin.
According to the investigative website Bellingcat, Ruslan Boshirov's real name is Anatoliy Chepiga, a colonel who was personally given the 'Hero of the Russian Federation' award by President Putin in the past. Boshirov and his alleged accomplice Alexander Petrov have claimed they were in Salisbury as tourists shortly before former Russian agent Sergei Skripal and his daughter, Yulia, were poisoned by the nerve agent Novichok.
Writing on his Facebook page, Tom Watson said:
- "The revelation that one of the Skripal poisoning suspects is a highly-decorated Russian colonel - and not an innocent Cathedral spotter - is fresh proof that Britain is now at the sharp end of an assault ordered personally by Putin. Clearly we now need overhaul of national security strategy to protect our democracy from Putin's 'hybrid warfare'."
Watson also called on Theresa May to mount a probe similar to the Mueller investigation into Russia's alleged meddling in the 2016 United States presidential election:
- "We now need the FULL picture on Russian interference - from murder on the streets to meddling in votes. 'Eternal vigilance is the price of liberty’. That means it's time for eyes wide open. Our investigating authorities have done their job in identifying the Salisbury assassins, now we need a Mueller-style probe into Russian interference in our democracy."[12]
Personal life
On 6 June 2013, Vladimir Putin and Lyudmila Putina publicly announced the termination of their marriage after 30 years.[13]
An event carried out
| Event | Description |
|---|---|
| HMS Defender Crimea controversy | A diplomatic military controversy between Russia and the UK |
Documents by Vladimir Putin
| Title | Document type | Publication date | Subject(s) | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Document:A new integration project for Eurasia | article | 4 October 2011 | Common Economic Space Eurasian Economic Community | The Russian prime minister and prospective 3rd term president a makes the case for 'multi-polarity' as a superior form or world governance |
| Document:Address by the President of the Russian Federation-21 September 2022 | speech | 21 September 2022 | ||
| Document:Address to the Federal Asssembly of Russia 2014 | speech | 4 December 2014 | The Great Game 2014 Ukraine coup | Vladimir Putin address to 1,000 delegates of the Federal Assembly of Russia in St Georges Hall, Moscow |
| Document:Answers to journalists’ questions following the Supreme Eurasian Economic Council summit | Q&A session | 29 April 2014 | 2014 Ukraine coup | Vladimir Putin answers journalists question following the Eurasia summit meeting held in Minsk on 29 April 2014 |
| Document:Economic Tasks - Vladimir Putin | article | 30 January 2012 | Russia | A quintessentially orthodox IMF/WTO economic analysis from the Russian Prime Minister in the run up to the Presidential election in March 2012. |
| Document:Putin BRICS press conference July 2014 | press conference | 17 July 2014 | 2014 Ukraine coup US Foreign Policy since 1945 | Vladimir Putin answers questions from Russian journalists following his visits to Cuba, Nicaragua, Argentina and Brazil. in July 2014 |
| Document:Putin address 18 March 2014 | speech | 18 March 2014 | 2014 Ukraine coup | Vladimir Putin's address to State Duma deputies, Federation Council members, heads of Russian regions and civil society representatives in the Kremlin, following the result of the 16 March 2014 referendum in Crimea which provided overwhelming support for Crimea to become part of the Russian Federation. |
| Document:Putin on the Ukraine coup | audio transcript | 6 March 2014 | 2014 Ukraine coup | President Putin of Russia in an extended Q&A session with journalists about the 2014 coup in the Ukraine - Full transcript |
| Document:Putin: Letter to European Leaders | letter | 10 April 2014 | The Great Game 2014 Ukraine coup | Full text of the Letter sent by Russian President Vladimir Putin to European Leaders on 9 April 2014, with commentary. |
| Document:St Petersburg International Economic Forum | speech | 23 May 2014 | Russia The Great Game 2014 Ukraine coup | Vladimir Putin's address to the plenary session of the 18th St Petersburg International Economic Forum on 23 May 2014 |
| Document:Vladimir Putin 2009 Davos Speech | speech | 28 January 2009 | Global economic cooperation | |
| Document:Vladimir Putin Interview | interview | 5 September 2013 | "War on Terror" 2011 Syrian Insurgency Edward Snowden Transgender | Press interview with Vladimir Putin ahead of the September 2013 G20 meeting in St Petersburg |
| Document:Vladimir Putin address to the Novorossiya militia | address | 29 August 2014 | Novorussian Armed Forces 2014 Ukraine coup/Civil war | Russian President Vladimir Putin addresses the Novorossiya Militia about their successes against the military forces of the Kiev Junta |
| Document:Vladimir Putin and Didier Burkhalter | press statement and questions | 7 May 2014 | 2014 Ukraine coup | Press statement and replies to journalists questions following the meeting in Moscow between President Putin and President of Switzerland and OSCE Chairman Didier Burkhalter on 7 May 2014 |
| Document:Vladimir Putin announces Special Military Operation in Ukraine | Speech | 24 February 2022 | NATO Vladimir Putin Ukraine Nazism 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine Donbas | "They did not leave us any other option for defending Russia and our people, other than the one we are forced to use today. In these circumstances, we have to take bold and immediate action. The people’s republics of Donbass have asked Russia for help." |
| Document:Vladimir Putin interview with French media | interview | 4 June 2014 | Russia The Great Game 2014 Ukraine coup | Vladimir Putin interview with two French media men on the eve of his visit to France for the 70th anniversary commemoration of the Allied Normandy landings |
Quotes by Vladimir Putin
| Page | Quote | Date | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2022 | “Western countries have been saying for centuries that they bring freedom and democracy to other nations. Nothing could be further from the truth. Instead of bringing democracy they suppressed and exploited, and instead of giving freedom they enslaved and oppressed. The unipolar world is inherently anti-democratic and unfree; it is false and hypocritical through and through.
The United States is the only country in the world that has used nuclear weapons twice, destroying the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan. And they created a precedent. Recall that during WWII the United States and Britain reduced Dresden, Hamburg, Cologne and many other German cities to rubble, without the least military necessity. It was done ostentatiously and, to repeat, without any military necessity. They had only one goal, as with the nuclear bombing of Japanese cities: to intimidate our country and the rest of the world. The United States left a deep scar in the memory of the people of Korea and Vietnam with their carpet bombings and use of napalm and chemical weapons. It actually continues to occupy Germany, Japan, the Republic of Korea and other countries, which they cynically refer to as equals and allies. Look now, what kind of alliance is that? The whole world knows that the top officials in these countries are being spied on and that their offices and homes are bugged. It is a disgrace, a disgrace for those who do this and for those who, like slaves, silently and meekly swallow this arrogant behaviour. They call the orders and threats they make to their vassals Euro-Atlantic solidarity, and the creation of biological weapons and the use of human test subjects, including in Ukraine, noble medical research. It is their destructive policies, wars and plunder that have unleashed today’s massive wave of migrants. Millions of people endure hardships and humiliation or die by the thousands trying to reach Europe.” | 2022 | Vladimir Putin, Kremlin |
| Russia/Encirclement | “We have made it clear that Nato’s move to the east is unacceptable (...) The United States is standing with missiles on our doorstep. Is it an excessive requirement not to install shock systems at our house? How would the Americans react if missiles were placed at the border with Canada or Mexico” | 2021 | |
| Russophobia | “A superpower is a cold war term. When people today say that Russia aspires to have this status, I interpret it in the following way: they want to undermine trust in Russia, to portray Russia as frightening, and create some kind of image of an enemy. … Russia is in favor of a multipolar world, a democratic world order, strengthening the system of international law, and for developing a legal system in which any small country, even a very small country, can feel itself secure, as if behind a stone wall. … Russia is ready to become part of this multipolar world and guarantee that the international community observes these rules. And not as a superpower with special rights, but rather as an equal among equals.” | 2007 | Vladimir Putin, Kremlin |
| Strategy of tension | “The West sees how the process of forming a multipolar world order is gaining momentum. And in order to restrain development of independent, sovereign countries, to split the world majority, they use the same means. (these forces, sic) want the epidemic of vigilance and hatred (to engulf not just the middle east, but Eurasia)” | 2023 | RT.com, X.com |
An appointment by Vladimir Putin
| Appointee | Job | Appointed |
|---|---|---|
| Andrey I. Denisov | Russia/Ambassador/China | 22 April 2013 |
Related Quotations
| Page | Quote | Author | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Madeleine Albright | “President Clinton and I first met Putin before that
when he was kind of acting president at, this was an APEC meeting in New Zealand, and at that stage Putin was trying to be very ingratiating and trying to make new friends - he was still cold - and the issue about him is he is very smart and in these meetings. He did not have talking points and he took notes himself. He also is somebody I have to describe this because, they actually did kind of a jazz concert for President Clinton and President Clinton's driving around and Putin was sitting there like this..no rhythm whatsoever.. and and (sic), but the thing that is interesting is how smart he really is and directed he was. The thing that I speak to more is something that happened before, that in 91 when the Soviet Union had fallen apart I was running a think-tank and I was asked to participate in a big survey of all of Europe after the end of the Cold War, and we had questionnaires and focus groups and things like that, and the focus group I'll never forget, is one outside of Moscow where this man stands up and says "I'm so embarrassed we used to be a superpower and now we're Bangladesh with missiles". And what I think happened I write it not so easy not so difficult to really deduce this, is Putin identified himself with that person who felt that the dignity and the grandeur of Russia had been lost and he has is bound and determined to restore that in every single way.” | Madeleine Albright | 2018 |
| Institute for Statecraft/Purposes | “Moreover, the “war” mindset is being pumped into the Russian population. It is one of the great successes of Putin’s propaganda offensive” | Chris Donnelly | 19 January 2018 |
| Institute for Statecraft/Purposes | “It is vital to understand the reasons behind Putin’s warped reasoning – the fact that he is prepared to lie and to kill to protect his wealth and power – if we are to comprehend why the Kremlin has launched this information attack on the West. Only then can we begin to combat it. In Soviet times there was an ideological element, the battle of Capitalism versus Communism. That no longer plays a part. But Putin wants the West at least to respect Russia; better still to fear Russia. That is Putin’s mindset. If in Soviet times the leadership of the USSR relied on Western sympathisers with the Communist cause to help them in their mission, nowadays the Kremlin can call upon support in the West from three groups of people: naïve Russophiles who, despite all the evidence to the contrary, believe that Putin “can’t be all that bad, and anyway the Americans are just as bad”; those who are prepared to toe the Russian line in return for money; or those who are being blackmailed.” | Integrity Initiative | May 2018 |
| Institute for Statecraft/Purposes | “Putin will be around for the foreseeable future - even if he went, what comes after Putin, wouldn't be much better. We believe we will have to face the Russian challenge for many years to come.” | Integrity Initiative | |
| Bernard-Henri Lévy | “If Europe wants to adhere to its anti-fascist values then bear in mind that Russian Putinism is fascism.” | Bernard-Henri Lévy | 2015 |
| Bernard-Henri Lévy | “I have great respect for Russian culture but great contempt for the current Russian authorities.” | Bernard-Henri Lévy | 2014 |
| Elon Musk | “If Putin could so easily humiliate the West, then he would accept the challenge [to fight me]. But he will not.” | X Elon Musk | 2022 |
| Russia | “Higher stakes meant aggressive mobilisation of media for an information war became a feature of 1990s electoral politics at regional level, following the pattern of the 1996 presidential election.
By then, the corruption associated with privatisation had made Yeltsin and the reformers unpopular – and many feared the communists would return to power. The democrats had to resort to desperate measures. Every possible resource was mobilised to ensure that Yeltsin was re-elected – including deals with powerful oligarchs with large media empires. The communists were defeated but the price was endemic cynicism about the democratic process. The Yeltsin presidency remained beholden to Russia’s regional governors and the oligarchs. It fell to Putin to curtail the powers of these groups, campaigning in 2000 under the slogan of “the dictatorship of law”. That such a slogan could have popular support shows the degree to which the public had become disillusioned in the late 1990s. However, the direction towards concentration of power had been set almost a decade before Putin was elected president. Russia’s reformers of the 90s largely achieved the irreversible economic change they wanted. They were less successful in creating a positive narrative for the new Russia. Reform had seemed to be based on the idea that Russia needed to learn as much as possible from the west. Over time, disillusion with this idealised view of the west grew and public opinion became more nationalistic.” | Adrian Campbell | |
| Russia/Deep state | “Putin is a modern KGB/FSB elitist who has subdued the oligarchs and think tank elite. His power comes from the FSB old boys and the oil, gas, media and defense corporations he has taken control of.” | Joël van der Reijden | 2005 |
| Donald Trump | “I mean, he’s taking over a country for $2 worth of sanctions. I’d say that’s pretty smart.” | Donald Trump | 2022 |
Event Planned
| Event | Start | Location(s) | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine | 24 February 2022 | Ukraine Europe Kiev Russia Donbas Moscow Black Sea | In a new episode of Cold War 2.0 Russia forcefully halted NATO expansion by invading Ukraine, with financial support of China. Although the EU and US denounced the "war crimes" as multiple cities were bombed, several countries opted less severe sanctions to keep importing diamonds and luxury goods and gas (and their loaned money) from Russia, seemingly creating a new iron curtain in Eastern Europe. |
Related Documents
| Title | Type | Publication date | Author(s) | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Document:A young Russian boy | speech | 28 April 2004 | Berel Lazar | Things that make you go "hmmmm?" - Surprising anecdote and information about Vladimir Putin in this extract from a speech given by Berel Lazar, then Chief Rabbi of Russia, to the Chabad Society at Oxford University. |
| Document:Being anti-war does not make us apologists for 'the enemy' or anyone else | Article | 28 February 2022 | Lindsey German | I am proud to be an anti-war campaigner and I know there are many like me. I note that anti-war protesters in Russia are being lauded in the British media. I also support them and send them my full solidarity. The irony is that Putin will see them as the enemy within — just as our government (and loyal opposition) treats us. |
| Document:Biden Works to Prolong Ukraine War | blog post | 7 June 2022 | Craig Murray | "Ukraine is objecting to this plan (for Turkey to clear sea lanes of mines and to police the ships carrying grain) because it objects to the removal of the mines, which I should be clear were put down in the sea lanes by Ukraine to prevent amphibious attack on Odessa." |
| Document:Chabad Lubavitch | book extract | 2002 | Eduard Hodos | Suppressed information about the Jewish Chabad Lubavitch |
| Document:Hidden Alliance of former WEF Young Global Leaders working in Lockstep | Article | 27 January 2022 | Nota Akhir Zaman | Just listen to the President of the World Economic Forum, Klaus Schwab, himself say the following: “I have to say when I mention names like Mrs Merkel, Vladimir Putin and so on they have all been Young Global Leaders of the World Economic Forum, but what we’re really proud of now is the young generation like Prime Minister Trudeau, the President of Argentina and so on. |
| Document:How Spin and Lies Fuel a Bloody War of Attrition in Ukraine | Article | 13 February 2023 | Medea Benjamin Nicolas J. S. Davies | President Eisenhower famously said that only an "alert and knowledgeable citizenry" can "guard against the acquisition of unwarranted influence, whether sought or unsought, by the military-industrial complex. An "alert and knowledgeable citizenry" would surely then demand that our government stop fueling this war and instead support immediate peace negotiations. |
| Document:Is Putin Weaponising Stupidity? | article | 19 March 2016 | Rob Slane | Theatre of the absurd - the Western establishment obsession with demonising Vladimir Putin |
| Document:Julian Assange is a suspected Russian intelligence asset | Article | 24 February 2020 | Susie Boniface | "If Assange was interested in avoiding extradition to the US, he'd have gone to Sweden to answer the charges that were unlikely to see a conviction, and where he had far less chance of being extradited. But if he really WERE a Russian intelligence asset... well, then it all makes sense." - except that what it really makes is nonsense. |
| Document:Leaked Putin-Bandar meeting report | diplomatic communication | 25 August 2013 | Leaked report of a meeting between Vladimir Putin and Bandar bin Sultan, then intelligence chief of Saudi Arabia, during which bin Sultan issues scarcely veiled threats against the Sochi winter Olympics if Russia continued to frustrate actions to depose President Assad of Syria | |
| Document:Novichok, Navalny, Nordstream, Nonsense | blog post | 3 September 2020 | Craig Murray | The US and Saudi Arabia have every reason to instigate a split between Germany and Russia at this time. Navalny is certainly a victim of international politics. That he is a victim of Putin I tend to doubt. |
| Document:Open letter to President Putin from 300 Germans | letter | 10 April 2014 | 300 German citizens | An open letter to President Vladimir Putin from 300 Germans about the secession of Crimea and events in Ukraine since November 2013 |
| Document:Pro-Kremlin trolls infiltrating comments on news sites for major influence operation, research says | Article | 6 September 2021 | Deborah Haynes | A study at Cardiff University shows that "Pro-Kremlin trolls" are influencing opinion in the West by infiltrating the comments sections of news websites. Dissent from the Official Narrative? Must be Russian disinformation. |
| Document:Putin the Good Goy | book extract | 2002 | Eduard Hodos | Information and informed speculation about Vladimir Putin and his Jewish supporters during his rise to the Russian Presidency |
| Document:Speech by Syrian President Bashar al-Assad on 20 August 2017 to the Syrian Diplomatic Corps | Speech | 31 August 2017 | Bashar al Assad | The US President is not the maker of policies, but the executor. Therefore, the “Deep State” in the United States does not govern in partnership with the President, but leaves him a small margin. |
| Document:The IMF Bank Job | article | 9 May 2014 | Edmund Dalpe | A hilarious piece of satire - but closer to the truth about who calls the shots on events surrounding the Ukraine coup and what it really about, than any or all of the western MSM talking-heads combined. |
| Document:The Korea issue is now in the hands of the BRICS | Article | 3 September 2017 | Adam Garrie | "Simon says: 'There's a 7½-hour flight from the BRICS summit in Xiamen, China to Pyongyang, North Korea so if Sergei Lavrov and the Chinese FM took that flight together to meet Kim Jong-un, it would have huge impact, and get the ball rolling on dialogue'." |
| Document:The Time to Negotiate Peace in Ukraine Is NOW | Article | 24 October 2022 | Richard E. Rubenstein | Are things in Ukraine getting worse? Yes, for both sides. This is precisely the right time to give peace a chance. |
| Document:The tyranny of the political spectrum | article | 5 March 2017 | Peter | Details of an exchange in the comments section of an article on the World Socialist Web Site between the author and a regular WSWS commentator which was quickly removed by the site operators. It illustrates the blinkered censorious nature of activists committed to both 'Left' and 'Right' - in this case the 'Left'. |
| Document:To understand or not to understand Putin | article | 8 May 2014 | Diana Johnstone | Understanding President Vladimir Putin and the dogged, determined unanimity of the western media to demonise and blame him for everything, in near total disregard of the evidence - a surreal situation explained with clarity |
| Document:Trump said to deprecate Netanyahu's intention to bump off Assad | Article | 1 September 2017 | Eric Zuesse | Better wait until my fundamentalist VP is in place, Benny boy! |
| Document:Vladimir Putin - The man | article | 28 April 2014 | Sharon Tennison | Insights into Vladimir Putin the man by an American citizen who has worked in Russia for over 30 years and met Putin as a young KGB officer in a bureaucratic capacity long before he became president. |
| Document:Vladimir Putin announces Special Military Operation in Ukraine | Speech | 24 February 2022 | Vladimir Putin | "They did not leave us any other option for defending Russia and our people, other than the one we are forced to use today. In these circumstances, we have to take bold and immediate action. The people’s republics of Donbass have asked Russia for help." |
| Document:Vladimir Putin’s pyramid of rule - Who really governs Russia | Paper | 2014 | Marius Laurinavičius Laurynas Kasčiūnas Vytautas Keršanskas | In Lithuania and in the West, Putin's system of rule is still often described as a monolith pyramid. In the eyes of society, Putin manages to present himself as an irreplaceable leader-statesman (‘tsar’, according to the West), solely making key decisions. But such an understanding of ruling processes in Russia is one of the main mistakes which prevents from obtaining a deeper insight into the regime's origins and foundations. |
| Document:What Might A Ukraine Peace Agreement Look Like? | blog post | 13 May 2022 | Craig Murray | Currently nobody in power wants peace. It is often impossible to resolve a geographic conflict without some element that can be portrayed as endorsement of ethnic cleansing. These are the problems of peace. |
| Document:World War Again Knocks at Europe’s Door | Article | 22 June 2024 | Dennis Small | All indications are that NATO is in fact actively preparing its forces for near-term war on European soil – again. |
| Document:Would-be German chancellor Scholz jumps the gun on EU expansion eastward, which may provoke more states to follow the UK and exit | Article | 15 August 2021 | Paul Nuttall | Olaf Scholz is a possible candidate for Chancellor of Germany at the September 2021 German parliamentary election. He has warned Russia to expect further European integration and expansion into Eastern Europe. Will this encourage more countries to follow the UK and leave the European Union? |
Rating
8 August 2023 Jun The FSB man turned president that tried to save the Soviet Union by staging a Russian 9-11.Since staging a false flag attack on his own people, Putin has been in a race with the US and CIA utilising the same tactics as them; neo-colonialism of Africa, bombing the Middle East and gaining wealth by putting countries against each-other and polarise his own people against each-other to make sure they don't turn against the government.
References
- ↑ https://www.hudson.org/research/12750-vladimir-putin-1999-russian-apartment-house-bombings-was-putin-responsible
- ↑ Hale, Henry E.; Timothy J. Colton (8 September 2009). "Russians and the Putin-Medvedev "Tandemocracy": A Survey-Based Portrait of the 2007–08 Election Season" (PDF). The National Council for Eurasian and East European Research. Seattle, WA: University of Washington. Retrieved 15 March 2012.Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css must have content model "Sanitized CSS" for TemplateStyles (current model is "Scribunto").
- ↑ Vasilyeva, Natallya. "Putin claims to support term limits as he readies to take helm for 3rd time", China Post (12 April 2012).
- ↑
{{URL|example.com|optional display text}} - ↑ "Elections in Russia: World Awaits for Putin to Reclaim the Kremlin". The World Reporter. March 2012. Retrieved March 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help)Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css must have content model "Sanitized CSS" for TemplateStyles (current model is "Scribunto"). - ↑ https://www.bustle.com/p/putin-quotes-about-donald-trump-reveal-just-how-fond-he-is-of-the-president-9766916 Bustle
- ↑ http://web.archive.org/web/20110926234201/http://rt.com/politics/9-11-putin-seliger-investigation-toronto-355/ - a page removed from Russia Today by March 2015, but still available on the Web Archive.
- ↑ "Dutch Intellectuals Apologise to Putin for Lies on MH17, Syria, Ukraine"
- ↑ "Professor Cees Hamelink- Letter to Putin"
- ↑ The Litninenko Inquiry report - pdf
- ↑ UK Report Claims Putin to Blame for Litvinenko Death - Sputnik International 21 January 2016
- ↑ "Labour deputy Tom Watson says fresh evidence proves Salisbury attack ‘ordered personally’ by Vladimir Putin"
- ↑ http://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/putin-divorces-wife-30-years-article-1.1365281
