1882

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( 1880s: )     1882
In a cartoon published in the magazine Puck, the Standard Oil Company is depicted as a menacing octopus
year 1882

Events

January–March

• January 2
  • The Standard Oil Trust is secretly created in the United States, to control multiple corporations set up by John D. Rockefeller and his associates.
• January 5 – Charles J. Guiteau is found guilty of the assassination of James A. Garfield (President of the United States) and sentenced to death, despite an insanity defense raised by his lawyer.
• January 12 – Holborn Viaduct power station in the City of London, the world's first coal-fired public electricity generating station, begins operation.
• February 3 – American showman P. T. Barnum acquires the elephant Jumbo, from the London Zoo.
• March 2 – Roderick Maclean fails in an attempt to assassinate Queen Victoria, at Windsor.
• March 18 (March 6 Old Style) – The Principality of Serbia becomes the Kingdom of Serbia following a proclamation.
• March 20 – British gunboats enter Monrovia, with Arthur Havelock demanding that Liberia cede disputed territory to the British colony of Sierra Leone, of which he is Governor.
• March 22 – Polygamy is made a felony by the Edmunds Act, passed by the United States Congress.
• March 24 – Robert Koch announces the discovery of the bacterium responsible for tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis).
• March 28
  • Republican Jules Ferry makes primary education in France free, non-clerical (laique) and obligatory.
  • German medical products company Beiersdorf is founded.
• March 29 – The Knights of Columbus, a Catholic fraternal service organization, is founded in New Haven, Connecticut.

April–June

• April 3 – Old West outlaw Jesse James is shot in the back of the head and killed by Robert Ford in St. Joseph, Missouri.
• April 29 – The Elektromote, the world's first trolleybus, begins operation in Berlin.
• May – Burnley F.C. in the north of England changes codes, from Rugby union to Association football.
• May 1 – The Berlin Philharmonic orchestra is founded in Germany, as Frühere Bilsesche Kapelle.
• May 2 – The Kilmainham Treaty, an agreement between the British government and Irish nationalist leader Charles Stewart Parnell to abate tenant rent arrears, is announced; Parnell is released from Kilmainham Gaol in Dublin.
• May 6 – Phoenix Park Murders in Ireland: Lord Frederick Cavendish, the newly appointed Chief Secretary for Ireland, and Thomas Henry Burke, his Permanent Undersecretary, are fatally stabbed in Phoenix Park, Dublin, by members of the Irish National Invincibles (militant Irish republicans).
• May 8 – The Chinese Exclusion Act is the first important law which restricts immigration into the United States.
• May 20 – The Triple Alliance is formed between Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy.
• June
  • Ferdinand von Lindemann publishes his proof of the transcendentality of pi.
  • St Andrew's Ambulance Association is founded in Glasgow, Scotland; St. John Ambulance Canada is also founded this year.
• June 11 – The 'Urabi revolt breaks out in Egypt against Khedive Tewfik Pasha and European influence in that country.
• June 28 – The Anglo-French Convention of 1882 is signed, marking territorial boundaries between Guinea and Sierra Leone.
• June 30 – U.S. presidential assassin Charles J. Guiteau is hanged in Washington, D.C.

July–September

• July 11–13 – Anglo-Egyptian War: The British Mediterranean Fleet carries out the Bombardment of Alexandria, its forces capturing the city of Alexandria, Egypt, and securing the Suez Canal.
• July 23 The Imo Incident occurs in Seoul, Korea as a result of bad rations and payment towards soldiers of the Old Korean Army.
• July 26
  • Boers establish the republic of Stellaland in southern Africa.
  • Richard Wagner's opera Parsifal debuts, at the Bayreuth Festspielhaus in Bavaria.
• July 31 – The Hebrew Moshava of Rishon LeZion is founded.
• August 3 – The U.S. Congress passes the 1882 Immigration Act.
• August 5 – Standard Oil of New Jersey is established.
• August 18 – The Married Women's Property Act 1882 receives royal assent in Britain; it enables women to buy, own and sell property, and to keep their own earnings.
• August 20 – Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's 1812 Overture debuts in Moscow.
• September 4 – Thomas Edison flips the switch to the first commercial electrical power plant in the United States, lighting one square mile of lower Manhattan. This is considered by many as the day that begins the electrical age.
• September 5
  • The first United States Labor Day parade is held in New York City.
  • Tottenham Hotspur F.C. is founded (as Hotspur F.C.) in London.
• September 13
  • Anglo-Egyptian War: British troops occupy Cairo, and Egypt becomes a British protectorate.
  • Selwyn College, Cambridge is founded after Queen Victoria grants a Charter of Incorporation.
• September 18 – Great Comet of 1882: Her Majesty's Astronomer at the Cape, David Gill, reports watching the comet rise a few minutes before the Sun, describing it as "The nucleus was then undoubtedly single, and certainly rather under than over 4″ in diameter; in fact, as I have described it, it resembled very much a star of the 1st magnitude seen by daylight."

October–December

• October 5 – The Society for Ethical Culture of Chicago (the modern-day Ethical Humanist Society of Chicago) is founded by Felix Adler.
• October 14 – The University of the Punjab is founded in modern-day Pakistan.
• October 16 – The New York, Chicago and St. Louis Railroad ("Nickel Plate Road") runs its first trains over the entire system between Buffalo, New York, and Chicago. Nine days later the Seney Syndicate sells the road to William Henry Vanderbilt, for US$7.2 million.
• October 21 – Waseda University was founded by Shigenobu Ōkuma in Japan, as predecessor name was Tokyo Specializing School.
• November 14 – Franklyn Leslie shoots Billy Claiborne dead, in the streets of Tombstone, Arizona.
• November 16 – The British Royal Navy's Template:Ship destroys Abari village in Niger.
• December – Zikhron Ya'akov is founded in northern Israel.
• December 6 – A transit of Venus, the last until 2004, occurs.

Date unknown

• The first International Polar Year, an international scientific program, begins.
• Zulu king Cetshwayo kaMpande returns to South Africa from England.
• A peace treaty is signed between Paraguay and Uruguay.
• Pogroms in Southern Russia end.
• Nikola Tesla claims this is when he conceives the rotating magnetic field principle, which he later uses to invent his induction motor.
• The British Chartered Institute of Patent Agents (the modern-day Chartered Institute of Patent Attorneys) is founded.
• The Personal Liberty League is established, to oppose the temperance movement in the United States.
• Carolyn Merrick is elected president of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union in the United States.

 

Events

Event	Start	End
Pax Brittanica	1815	1915
Victorian era	1840	1901

 

New Groups

Group	Image	Type	Description
Naval Intelligence Division		Intelligence agency	UK Naval intelligence, originally named the 'Foreign Intelligence Committee'.
Panjab University		Public	one of the most well ranked universities in India
General Military Academy			Responsible for the initial training for officers of the Spanish Army, and for the officers of the Civil Guard.
University of California/Los Angeles		Research Public Land grant	A major research university located in Los Angeles
Office of Naval Intelligence		Intelligence agency	Long established US intelligence agency targeted on 9-11

 

Births

Title	Born	Place of birth	Died	Summary	Description
Alberto Pirelli	1882		1971	Deep state actor Businessperson	Italian businessman who attended the first Bilderberg and 7 others up to 1963.
James Byrnes	1882	United States South Carolina Charleston	1972	Politician Judge
Sam Rayburn	6 January 1882	United States Tennessee Kingston	16 November 1961	Lawyer
Arnold Rothstein	17 January 1882		6 November 1928	Criminal
Major Lionel Nathan de Rothschild	25 January 1882		28 January 1942	Politician Banker Rothschild family
Franklin D. Roosevelt	30 January 1882	New York United States Hyde Park	12 April 1945	Politician Lawyer	Widely recalled for his 'new deal'
Francis Cromie	30 January 1882	Eire Duncannon	31 August 1918	Spook Mariner	British intelligence officer responsible for several assassinations and coup attempts in Russia and early Soviet Union during 1917-1918, including Grigori Rasputin. Killed in shootout during Cheka raid on embassy after high-ranking Cheka leader was assassinated.
Valentine Fleming	17 February 1882	Scotland Fife Newport-on-Tay	20 May 1917	Spook Soldier	Father of Ian Fleming, killed in 1917 in WWI
Archibald Clark Kerr	17 March 1882	Australia	5 July 1951	Diplomat
Philip Henry Kerr	18 April 1882	London UK	12 December 1940	Diplomat Politician Editor Deep state actor	UK deep state actor who worked under Alfred Milner and Lionel George Curtis
Getúlio Vargas	19 April 1882	Brazil	24 August 1954	Politician	President of Brazil who shot himself in 1954.
Sylvia Pankhurst	5 May 1882	United Kingdom Manchester Old Trafford	27 September 1960	Activist
Roland Gwynne	16 May 1882		15 November 1971	Soldier Lawyer	Patient, close friend, and probable lover of the suspected serial killer Dr John Bodkin Adams.
Mohammad Mossadegh	16 June 1882	Iran Tehran	5 March 1967
Xenophon Kalamatiano	14 July 1882	Austria	9 November 1923	Spook	American intelligence agent implicated in the 1918 Allied Plot to Kill Lenin
John Flynn	25 October 1882		13 April 1964	Journalist
Felix Frankfurter	15 November 1882	Vienna Austria-Hungary	22 February 1965	Judge	"The most controversial justice of his time."
John Scale	27 December 1882	Wales	22 April 1949	Spook

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