Difference between revisions of "Cocaine"
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− | '''Cocaine''' or ''''coke'''' is an alkaloid extracted from the leaves of the coca plant. It generates short lived euphoria and energy, and is a widely used recreational [[drug]]. Since the 1961 [[Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs]], it has been illegal worldwide. | + | '''Cocaine''' or ''''coke'''' is an alkaloid extracted from the leaves of the coca plant. It generates short lived euphoria and energy, and is a widely used recreational [[drug]]. Since the 1961 [[Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs]], it has been illegal worldwide. Its worldwide use has increased dramatically over this time. Control of the export trade from [[South America]] is a source of strife between [[deep state]] factions, but has been generally dominated by the [[CIA|CIA/Drug trafficking]] since the [[1980s]] if not before. |
==History== | ==History== | ||
Line 22: | Line 22: | ||
==Trafficking== | ==Trafficking== | ||
− | [[Gary Webb]] | + | [[image:2006 Mexico DC-9 drug bust.jpg|left|250px]] |
+ | [[image:Yucatan-coke-crash.jpg|thumbnail|Remains of the plane referred to as "[[Cocaine 2]]"|left|250px]] | ||
+ | [[Gary Webb]] was the first journalist to expose [[CIA cocaine trafficking]] with a tranche of documents implicating the agency, the series he published as ''[[Dark Alliance]]''. Further evidence that the [[US Deep state]] dominates the [[CIA/Drug trafficking|importation of cocaine]] into the [[North America]]n continent is to be found from such events as the [[2006 Mexico DC-9 drug bust]] and the [[2007 Yucatan Gulfstream drug crash]]. The misleadingly-named [[Iran-Contra]] scandal may have been a [[limited hangout]] designed to try to unseat [[Ronald Reagan]] while hiding the cocaine trafficking by the CIA. | ||
===1980s=== | ===1980s=== | ||
After the CIA installed [[Augusto Pinochet]] in [[Chile]], he used his position to facilitate large scale cocaine production and export to US and Europe by the 1980s.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2006/jul/11/chile.drugstrade</ref> | After the CIA installed [[Augusto Pinochet]] in [[Chile]], he used his position to facilitate large scale cocaine production and export to US and Europe by the 1980s.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2006/jul/11/chile.drugstrade</ref> | ||
− | ===NATO Connection | + | ===NATO Connection=== |
{{FA|Willem Matser}} | {{FA|Willem Matser}} | ||
In 2003, [[Willem Matser]], a Dutch [[spook]] and "key advisor" to [[NATO Secretary General]] was arrested on charges of [[forgery]], [[fraud]] and [[money laundering]]. His co-accused included [[Pietro Fedino]], an Italian "crime boss"<ref>http://www.derechos.org/nizkor/colombia/doc/plan/dutch.html</ref><ref>http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/politics/robertsons-nato-aide-accused-of-200m-money-laundering-scam-110853.html</ref> with a previous conviction for cocaine dealing.<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/3389097.stm</ref> Fedino was "suspected of having conducted business over many years with the [[Cali cartel]]".<ref>http://www.derechos.org/nizkor/colombia/doc/plan/dutch.html</ref> They were found innocent of conspiracy and money laundering, but found guilty of fraud and forgery in January 2004. | In 2003, [[Willem Matser]], a Dutch [[spook]] and "key advisor" to [[NATO Secretary General]] was arrested on charges of [[forgery]], [[fraud]] and [[money laundering]]. His co-accused included [[Pietro Fedino]], an Italian "crime boss"<ref>http://www.derechos.org/nizkor/colombia/doc/plan/dutch.html</ref><ref>http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/politics/robertsons-nato-aide-accused-of-200m-money-laundering-scam-110853.html</ref> with a previous conviction for cocaine dealing.<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/3389097.stm</ref> Fedino was "suspected of having conducted business over many years with the [[Cali cartel]]".<ref>http://www.derechos.org/nizkor/colombia/doc/plan/dutch.html</ref> They were found innocent of conspiracy and money laundering, but found guilty of fraud and forgery in January 2004. | ||
+ | |||
+ | In 2019 according to data by the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA), Belgium saw more cocaine trafficked than any other European nation, just over 65 tonnes.<ref>https://www.zerohedge.com/medical/cocaine-capitals-europe</ref> | ||
===Trafficking via Africa=== | ===Trafficking via Africa=== | ||
− | [[Andrei Fursov]] stated in 2014 that "Cocaine is transferred to [[Sierra Leone]], where it is exchanged for [[diamonds]]. With the diamonds they purchase [[arms]]. This triangle - [[Hezbollah]], [[Syria]], [[Iran]] - gets in the way of the Americans. They take the view, correctly, that eliminating Syria as an Arab partner of Iran, whether relations with Iran are good or bad, Iran will be weaker, and it will be easier to get an agreement with them. The removal of the Assad regime therefore became objective No.1 for the Americans. Likewise for [[Saudi Arabia]] and Israel."<ref>''[[Document:Battleground_Ukraine]]''</ref> | + | [[image:Cocaine flows through West Africa.jpg|left|450px]] |
+ | [[Andrei Fursov]] stated in 2014 that "Cocaine is transferred to [[Sierra Leone]], where it is exchanged for [[diamonds]]. With the diamonds they purchase [[arms]]. This triangle - [[Hezbollah]], [[Syria]], [[Iran]] - gets in the way of the Americans. They take the view, correctly, that eliminating Syria as an Arab partner of Iran, whether relations with Iran are good or bad, Iran will be weaker, and it will be easier to get an agreement with them. The removal of the Assad regime therefore became objective No.1 for the Americans. Likewise for [[Saudi Arabia]] and [[Israel]]."<ref>''[[Document:Battleground_Ukraine]]''</ref> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===Maritime Seizures=== | ||
+ | The largest maritime seizure of cocaine in the [[Atlantic Ocean]] since 1999 was a 2017 seizure of approximately 4.2 tons of seized cocaine, worth an estimated $125 million in wholesale value.<ref>http://coastguardnews.com/coast-guard-offloads-125-million-worth-of-seized-cocaine-in-puerto-rico/2017/02/27/</ref> | ||
+ | |||
+ | A 2019 bust by police in [[Cape Verde]] found 9.5<ref>https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-6658191/Cape-Verde-seizes-record-cocaine-haul-Russian-ship.html</ref><ref>https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-capeverde-drugs/cape-verde-seizes-record-cocaine-haul-from-russian-ship-idUKKCN1PQ59B</ref><ref>https://www.dw.com/en/cape-verde-seizes-95-tons-of-cocaine-russian-sailors-arrested/a-47335072</ref> or 9.6<ref name=bloomberg/> tons of cocaine on a Panama-flagged vessel with a crew of 11 Russians. | ||
− | + | A 2019 bust in Baltimore found 16.5 tonnes of cocaine in Baltimore on a cargo ship that was docked at the port. Two men were arrested.<ref>https://philadelphia.cbslocal.com/2019/06/18/15000-kilos-of-cocaine-confiscated-during-drug-bust-at-philadelphia-port-federal-sources-say/</ref><ref>https://www.cbsnews.com/news/philadelphia-drug-bust-feds-seize-over-1-billion-cocaine-today-port-live-updates-2019-06-18/</ref> | |
− | |||
==Availability== | ==Availability== | ||
− | In 2009 the UK [[Home Office]] reported that cocaine was now being sold for as little as £20 a gram in some parts of the country,the lowest it had ever been.<ref>http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/4602051/Cocaine-cheaper-than-lager-and-wine-as-drug-price-falls-by-half.html</ref> 2019 research into cocaine residues in water suggested use in the UK had doubled since 2012.<ref>https://www.nzherald.co.nz/world/news/article.cfm?c_id=2&objectid=12232290</ref> | + | In 2009 the UK [[Home Office]] reported that cocaine was now being sold for as little as £20 a gram in some parts of the country,the lowest it had ever been.<ref>http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/4602051/Cocaine-cheaper-than-lager-and-wine-as-drug-price-falls-by-half.html</ref> 2019 research into cocaine residues in water suggested use in the UK had doubled since 2012. The [[National Crime Agency]] reported "evidence of a resilient supply chain" to the UK and noted that "multi-tonne shipments [of cocaine] to the UK have become increasingly common".<ref>https://www.nzherald.co.nz/world/news/article.cfm?c_id=2&objectid=12232290</ref> |
==Crack cocaine== | ==Crack cocaine== | ||
[[image:crack cocaine.jpg|right|330px]] | [[image:crack cocaine.jpg|right|330px]] | ||
{{FA|Crack cocaine}} | {{FA|Crack cocaine}} | ||
− | Cocaine powder is easily "cooked" up to a crystalline form, "crack cocaine", which as it is smokable, is reckoned to be more addictive. This form has been available in USA since late [[1984]]. The 1986 [[Anti-Drug Abuse Act]] dramatically increased sentences for this form (a 100:1 disparity, meaning 5g of crack was treated in law as 500g of cocaine powder).<ref>http://archive.naplesnews.com/news/state/florida-man-among-8-whose-harsh-crack-cocaine-sentences-commuted-by-obama-ep-313167300-341503341.html</ref> This resulted in much longer sentences for drug dealers in the (predominantly, poor, urban) neighbourhoods where crack was sold, and contributed to the racial imbalance among the [[prison]] population. The 2010 [[Fair Sentencing Act]] modified | + | Cocaine powder is easily "cooked" up to a crystalline form, "crack cocaine", which as it is smokable, is reckoned to be more addictive. This form has been available in USA since late [[1984]]. The 1986 [[Anti-Drug Abuse Act]] dramatically increased sentences for this form (a 100:1 disparity, meaning 5g of crack was treated in law as 500g of cocaine powder).<ref>http://archive.naplesnews.com/news/state/florida-man-among-8-whose-harsh-crack-cocaine-sentences-commuted-by-obama-ep-313167300-341503341.html</ref> This resulted in much longer sentences for drug dealers in the (predominantly, poor, urban) neighbourhoods where crack was sold, and contributed to the racial imbalance among the [[prison]] population. The 2010 [[Fair Sentencing Act]] modified this imbalance down to 18:1, but was not applied retrospectively.<ref>http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/snitch/primer/</ref> |
{{SMWDocs}} | {{SMWDocs}} | ||
+ | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} |
Latest revision as of 18:27, 7 February 2022
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Start | 1860 |
Interest of | Plan Colombia |
A highly addictive drug which has been illegal worldwide since 1961. Its smuggling is a huge money earner for the CIA. |
Cocaine or 'coke' is an alkaloid extracted from the leaves of the coca plant. It generates short lived euphoria and energy, and is a widely used recreational drug. Since the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, it has been illegal worldwide. Its worldwide use has increased dramatically over this time. Control of the export trade from South America is a source of strife between deep state factions, but has been generally dominated by the CIA/Drug trafficking since the 1980s if not before.
Contents
History
The method of manufacturing cocaine from the coca leaf was invented in the 1860s.[1]
Production
The world's cocaine is produced from coca grown in the Andes in South America. Plan Colombia was officially intended to decrease cocaine production and export to the US. On its announcement, Peter Dale Scott predicted that increased involvement of the US military would have an entirely converse effect. His prediction, that the amount of cocaine produced and exported would increase, proved correct. So much evidence has accumulated that the CIA's name has become synonymous with cocaine trafficking to USA.[2]
Legal status
Cocaine was legal in the USA until the 1914 Harrison Tax Act, and was an ingredient in the soft drink Coca-Cola.[1]
In 2017 in USA, a man was arrested after a dog determined that his cash smelt of cocaine. No traces of the drug were found.[3]
Trafficking
![](/w/images/thumb/2/23/Yucatan-coke-crash.jpg/250px-Yucatan-coke-crash.jpg)
Gary Webb was the first journalist to expose CIA cocaine trafficking with a tranche of documents implicating the agency, the series he published as Dark Alliance. Further evidence that the US Deep state dominates the importation of cocaine into the North American continent is to be found from such events as the 2006 Mexico DC-9 drug bust and the 2007 Yucatan Gulfstream drug crash. The misleadingly-named Iran-Contra scandal may have been a limited hangout designed to try to unseat Ronald Reagan while hiding the cocaine trafficking by the CIA.
1980s
After the CIA installed Augusto Pinochet in Chile, he used his position to facilitate large scale cocaine production and export to US and Europe by the 1980s.[4]
NATO Connection
- Full article:
Willem Matser
- Full article:
In 2003, Willem Matser, a Dutch spook and "key advisor" to NATO Secretary General was arrested on charges of forgery, fraud and money laundering. His co-accused included Pietro Fedino, an Italian "crime boss"[5][6] with a previous conviction for cocaine dealing.[7] Fedino was "suspected of having conducted business over many years with the Cali cartel".[8] They were found innocent of conspiracy and money laundering, but found guilty of fraud and forgery in January 2004.
In 2019 according to data by the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA), Belgium saw more cocaine trafficked than any other European nation, just over 65 tonnes.[9]
Trafficking via Africa
Andrei Fursov stated in 2014 that "Cocaine is transferred to Sierra Leone, where it is exchanged for diamonds. With the diamonds they purchase arms. This triangle - Hezbollah, Syria, Iran - gets in the way of the Americans. They take the view, correctly, that eliminating Syria as an Arab partner of Iran, whether relations with Iran are good or bad, Iran will be weaker, and it will be easier to get an agreement with them. The removal of the Assad regime therefore became objective No.1 for the Americans. Likewise for Saudi Arabia and Israel."[10]
Maritime Seizures
The largest maritime seizure of cocaine in the Atlantic Ocean since 1999 was a 2017 seizure of approximately 4.2 tons of seized cocaine, worth an estimated $125 million in wholesale value.[11]
A 2019 bust by police in Cape Verde found 9.5[12][13][14] or 9.6[15] tons of cocaine on a Panama-flagged vessel with a crew of 11 Russians.
A 2019 bust in Baltimore found 16.5 tonnes of cocaine in Baltimore on a cargo ship that was docked at the port. Two men were arrested.[16][17]
Availability
In 2009 the UK Home Office reported that cocaine was now being sold for as little as £20 a gram in some parts of the country,the lowest it had ever been.[18] 2019 research into cocaine residues in water suggested use in the UK had doubled since 2012. The National Crime Agency reported "evidence of a resilient supply chain" to the UK and noted that "multi-tonne shipments [of cocaine] to the UK have become increasingly common".[19]
Crack cocaine
- Full article: Crack cocaine
- Full article: Crack cocaine
Cocaine powder is easily "cooked" up to a crystalline form, "crack cocaine", which as it is smokable, is reckoned to be more addictive. This form has been available in USA since late 1984. The 1986 Anti-Drug Abuse Act dramatically increased sentences for this form (a 100:1 disparity, meaning 5g of crack was treated in law as 500g of cocaine powder).[20] This resulted in much longer sentences for drug dealers in the (predominantly, poor, urban) neighbourhoods where crack was sold, and contributed to the racial imbalance among the prison population. The 2010 Fair Sentencing Act modified this imbalance down to 18:1, but was not applied retrospectively.[21]
A Cocaine victim on Wikispooks
Title | Description |
---|---|
Gottfried von Bismarck | Bullingdon Club member who was noted for his flamboyant lifestyle. |
Related Quotations
Page | Quote | Author | Date |
---|---|---|---|
Federal Aviation Administration | “FAA requirements in the air charter business are so minimal, one aviation executive told us, that all you need to go into business is a cell phone and a pair of sunglasses. The lack of oversight may be intentional. A surprising number of politically-powerful and well-connected Americans have been tainted through their ownership of planes caught ferrying large (in some cases multi-ton) loads of cocaine into the U. S.” | 2009 | |
Netherlands/Deep state | “The Netherlands has a long history with cocaine. In the early 1900s, the Dutch East India Company – having exploited and enslaved millions of people – began growing coca in its colonies in Indonesia. There was even a cocaine factory in Amsterdam, which supplied marching powder to all sides in World War One. When international treaties finally put a halt to the Dutch’s rampant coke dealing, Rotterdam emerged as a key import site for the illicit trade of the drug from South America.” | Vice News | 2020 |
Oliver North | “Wanted aircraft to go to Bolivia to pick up paste. Want aircraft to pick up 1,500 kilos.” | Oliver North | 9 July 1984 |
Peter R. de Vries | “We already lost the War on drugs long ago, and the policy is bankrupt, it has led to nothing, yes, full prisons, a clogged justice system and it didn't help one bit because you can find a coffee-shop on every corner of the street and even with record-braking catches of shipments of cocaine in the harbour, it doesn't mean anything. We're dealing with a extreme high demand in the world with $300.000.000.000 profit for drug traffickers with $100.000.000.000 of it cocaine alone, with the same 100.000.000.000 for the worldwide diverse police and justice agencies used, amounting to nothing. You can't just maintain this repressive policy. You need to make this more of national health crisis.” | Peter R. de Vries | 2020 |
References
- ↑ a b https://www.thoughtco.com/history-of-krokodil-1992030
- ↑ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jQ9fgi7IZSk
- ↑ https://www.firsttoknow.com/man-charged-drug-offenses-324k-smelt-like-cocaine/
- ↑ https://www.theguardian.com/world/2006/jul/11/chile.drugstrade
- ↑ http://www.derechos.org/nizkor/colombia/doc/plan/dutch.html
- ↑ http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/politics/robertsons-nato-aide-accused-of-200m-money-laundering-scam-110853.html
- ↑ http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/3389097.stm
- ↑ http://www.derechos.org/nizkor/colombia/doc/plan/dutch.html
- ↑ https://www.zerohedge.com/medical/cocaine-capitals-europe
- ↑ Document:Battleground_Ukraine
- ↑ http://coastguardnews.com/coast-guard-offloads-125-million-worth-of-seized-cocaine-in-puerto-rico/2017/02/27/
- ↑ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-6658191/Cape-Verde-seizes-record-cocaine-haul-Russian-ship.html
- ↑ https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-capeverde-drugs/cape-verde-seizes-record-cocaine-haul-from-russian-ship-idUKKCN1PQ59B
- ↑ https://www.dw.com/en/cape-verde-seizes-95-tons-of-cocaine-russian-sailors-arrested/a-47335072
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>
tag; no text was provided for refs namedbloomberg
- ↑ https://philadelphia.cbslocal.com/2019/06/18/15000-kilos-of-cocaine-confiscated-during-drug-bust-at-philadelphia-port-federal-sources-say/
- ↑ https://www.cbsnews.com/news/philadelphia-drug-bust-feds-seize-over-1-billion-cocaine-today-port-live-updates-2019-06-18/
- ↑ http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/4602051/Cocaine-cheaper-than-lager-and-wine-as-drug-price-falls-by-half.html
- ↑ https://www.nzherald.co.nz/world/news/article.cfm?c_id=2&objectid=12232290
- ↑ http://archive.naplesnews.com/news/state/florida-man-among-8-whose-harsh-crack-cocaine-sentences-commuted-by-obama-ep-313167300-341503341.html
- ↑ http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/snitch/primer/