1865

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( 1860s: )     1865

US Secret Service

Full article: United States Secret Service

Events

• January 4 – The New York Stock Exchange opens its first permanent headquarters at 10-12 Broad near Wall Street, in New York City.
• April 6 – German chemicals producer Badische Anilin- und Sodafabrik (BASF) is founded in Mannheim.
• April 9 – American Civil War: Confederate States Army General Robert E. Lee surrenders to Union Army General Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Court House, effectively ending the American Civil War.
• April 14 – Assassination of Abraham Lincoln: President of the United States Abraham Lincoln is shot while attending an evening performance of the farce Our American Cousin at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C., by actor and Confederate sympathizer John Wilkes Booth.
• April 14 – United States Secretary of State William H. Seward and his family are attacked in his home, by Lewis Powell.
• April 15 – President Lincoln dies early this morning from his gunshot wound, aged 56. Vice President Andrew Johnson becomes the 17th President of the United States, upon Lincoln's death. Johnson is sworn in later that morning.
• April 21 – German Chemicals producer BASF moves its headquarters and factories from Mannheim, to the Hemshof District of Ludwigshafen.
• April 26 – Union cavalry corner John Wilkes Booth in a Virginia barn, and cavalryman Boston Corbett fatally shoots the assassin.
• May 1 – The Triple Alliance of Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay against Paraguay is formally signed; the Paraguayan War has already begun.
• May 10 – American Civil War: Jefferson Davis is captured by the Union Army near Irwinville, Georgia.
• May 17 – The International Telegraph Union is founded.
• May 29 – American Civil War: President of the United States Andrew Johnson issues a proclamation of general amnesty for most citizens of the former Confederacy.
• June–August – English polymath Francis Galton formulates eugenics.
• June 2 – American Civil War: Confederate forces west of the Mississippi River under General Edmund Kirby Smith surrender at Galveston, Texas, under terms negotiated on May 26, becoming the last to do so.
• June 25 – James Hudson Taylor founds the China Inland Mission at Brighton, England.
• July 7 – Following Abraham Lincoln's assassination on April 14, the four conspirators condemned to death during the trial are hanged, including David Herold, George Atzerodt, Lewis Powell and Mary Surratt. Her son, John Surratt, escapes execution by fleeing to Canada, and ultimately to Egypt.
• July 23 – The SS Great Eastern departs on a voyage to lay a transatlantic telegraph cable.
• November 11 – Duar War between Britain and Bhutan ends with the Treaty of Sinchula, in which Bhutan cedes control of its southern passes to Britain in return for an annual subsidy.
• December 11 – The United States Congress creates the United States House Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on Banking and Commerce, reducing the tasks of the House Committee on Ways and Means.
• December 17 – Leopold II becomes King of the Belgians, following the death (on December 10) of his father, King Leopold I.
• December 18 – Secretary Seward declares the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution ratified by three-quarters of the states (including those in secession) as of December 6; slavery is legally outlawed in the last two slave states of Kentucky and Delaware, and the remaining 45,000 slaves are freed.
• December 24 – Jonathan Shank and Barry Ownby form the Ku Klux Klan in the American South, to resist Reconstruction and intimidate carpetbaggers and scalawags, as well as to repress the freedpeople.

 

Events

Event	Start	End	Description
Pax Brittanica	1815	1915
Victorian era	1840	1901
American Civil War	1861	1865	The Start of US World dominations, the Civil war saw capitalists fight capitalists in a war over tax, slavery and the question how big and kind of an imperial force the US should become on the North American continent.

 

New Groups

Group	Image	Type	Description
University of Kansas		Flagship state university	Mid-western university with significant research activity
University of Kentucky		Research Public Land-grant	Home of the Patterson School of Diplomacy and International Commerce, training a cadre of professionals for careers in international affairs.
Oxford Brookes University		Public
Worcester Polytechnic Institute		Military ranks	Massachusetts engineering and technology university
Indiana State University			Small Midwestern university, not to be confused with Indiana University
The Nation			American "progressive" magazine
Standard Oil			Hugely profitable oil conglomerate that made John D. Rockefeller the richest man in the world.
Washburn University		Public	University in Topeka, Kansas
HSBC			The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, one of the world's biggest banks
US/Secret Service		Intelligence agency	A US secret service focusing primarily on financial fraud and protecting key individuals such as politicians.
Lehigh University		Military ranks	Private university in Pennsylvania
US/House/Committee/Financial Services			Banks and financial institutions are normally very generous with their campaign contributions to committee members.

 

Deaths

Title	Born	Died	Place of death	Summary	Description
Abraham Lincoln	12 February 1809	15 April 1865	United States Washington DC Petersen House	Politician Lawyer	A US president who stood up to the US deep state
Henry John Temple	20 October 1784	18 October 1865	United Kingdom Hertfordshire Brocket Hall	Politician	A British politician who served twice as Prime Minister in the mid-19th century.

 

Births

Title	Born	Place of birth	Died	Summary	Description
William Lauriston Melville Lee	1865		1955	Spook Soldier
Edward Stanley	1865	London Westminster	1948	Diplomat Politician
Edmund Garrett	1865		1907	Politician Editor Deep state operative	UK deep state operative
Edward R. Stettinius Sr.	15 February 1865	Missouri St. Louis	3 September 1925	Businessperson	Worked at J. P. Morgan and Company coordinating the purchase of war supplies for the Allies during WW1. Stettinus became the most important consumer on earth, buying goods for $10 million every day. Nicknamed "the father of the military-industrial complex".
Herbert A. L. Fisher	21 March 1865	London	18 April 1940	Politician Academic Historian Deep state operative	UK deep state operative
Ralph Julius Preston	27 May 1865		25 October 1919	Diplomat Lawyer	Wealthy US diplomat
George Albert	3 June 1865	London Marlborough House	20 January 1936	King
Alfred Harmsworth	15 July 1865	Eire Chapelizod County Dublin	14 August 1922	Media mogul
Charles G. Dawes	27 August 1865	Ohio Marietta	23 April 1951	Soldier Politician Banker
Warren Harding	2 November 1865	United States Ohio Blooming Grove	2 August 1923	Politician Editor	Died under suspicious circumstances, as did a number of people around him.
Madison Grant	19 November 1865	New York	30 May 1937	Lawyer Eugenics Zoologist	"Hitler's American guru"
Maud Pember Reeves	24 December 1865	Australia New South Wales Mudgee	13 September 1953	Author	Suffragist, socialist, feminist, writer and member of the Fabian Society, married to William Pember Reeves the Agent-General, representative of New Zealand government within the British Empire. She spent most of her life in New Zealand and Britain.
Salmon Levinson	29 December 1865		2 February 1941	Lawyer	US lawyer who originated and publicized the “outlawry of war” movement in the United States. Later assisted in drafting the Kellogg-Briand Pact.
Rudyard Kipling	30 December 1865	India Bombay Bombay Presidency	18 January 1936	Author Journalist Poet

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