Ivo Samkalden
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ( Politician, mayor, deep state operative) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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Born | 10 August 1912 Rotterdam, Netherlands | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Died | 11 May 1995 (Age 82) Amsterdam, Netherlands | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Nationality | Dutch | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Alma mater | University of Leiden | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Religion | ![]() | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Member of | Dutch Round Table, Trilateral Commission | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Party | Labour Party (Netherlands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch politician who attended 4 Bilderbergs in the early 1960s. Law and order mayor of Amsterdam from 1967 to 1977. Opposed many peace-projects.
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Ivo Samkalden was a professor and former Dutch Dutch Interior Minister and Minister of Justice. He attended four Bilderberg meetings in the 1960s while professor at the Leiden Europa Institute, the first academic institution in the Netherlands where the European integration process as such was discussed. Samkalden, as first Jewish mayor of Amsterdam from 1967 to 1977, was the main instigator - with backing and a secret advisory board - that changed Amsterdam's main financial economy from industrial to corporate sources. During his tenure the first coffee-shops were opened and multiple drug-networks were set-up. Klaas Bruinsma escaped this "law and order mayor".
Contents
Education
Samkalden graduated with a Master of Laws degree from Leiden University on 31 January 1936. He got a doctorate in Law]] on 11 March 1938.[1]
Early career
Samkalden worked as a civil servant for the Ministry of Colonial Affairs in Batavia in the Dutch East Indies from September 1938 until April 1942. In April 1942 Samkalden was arrested and detained in the Japanese internment camp Batu Lintang. Samkalden was transferred to the five different internment camps during the Japanese occupation and was detained until September 1945.[1]
Following the end of World War II Samkalden moved to Surabaya but was arrested during the Indonesian National Revolution. Samkalden was released on 13 November 1945 and moved back to the Netherlands and worked as civil servant for the Ministry of Justice from September 1946 until June 1947. Samkalden worked as a researcher and associate professor of Constitutional law at the Leiden University June 1947 until February 1948. Samkalden worked as a civil servant for the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Supplies as Director-General of the department for Legal Affairs from February 1948 until May 1952 and worked as a professor of Agricultural law at the Wageningen Agricultural College from May 1952 until October 1956. Samkalden sat on the Provincial-Council of Gelderland from July 1954 until October 1956.[1]
Political career
After the election of 1956 Samkalden was appointed as Minister of Justice in the Cabinet Drees III. Samkalden was elected as a Member of the House of Representatives after the election of 1959, taking office on 20 March 1959. Samkalden also worked as a professor of International relations and Leiden University from May 1959 until April 1965, at the Leiden Europa Institute, the first academic institution in the Netherlands where the European integration process as such was discussed.[2]
After the Senate election of 1960 Samkalden was elected as a Member of the Senate. Samkalden was again appointed Minister of Justice, taking office on 14 April 1965. Samkalden was acting Minister of the Interior from 31 August 1966 until 5 September 1966 following the resignation of Jan Smallenbroek. The cabinet fell just one year later. In December 1966 Samkalden announced that he wouldn't stand for the election of 1967.[1]
Mayor of Amsterdam
Samkalden remained in active politics, in July 1967 he was nominated as Mayor of Amsterdam, having the position from 1 August 1967 until 1 June 1977.
Samkalden endured much more struggles as first Jewish mayor of Amsterdam from 1967 to 1977, suppressing the peace-protests in the Dutch capital promoting nonviolence, an end to the cold war, and expanded the capital with many new districts and projects aimed to change the capital's economy from mainly industrial to corporate. During his tenure, the first coffee-shops were opened and multiple drug-networks were set-up. Klaas Bruinsma escaped this "law and order mayor".[3] He used force against protests.[4][5][6]
Other positions
Samkalden retired after spending 21 years in national politics but remained active in the public sector, occupying numerous seats as a nonprofit director on several boards of directors and supervisory boards (Carnegie Foundation, Organisation for Scientific Research, T.M.C. Asser Instituut, Anne Frank Foundation and the Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences) and sat on several state commissions and councils on behalf of the government (Onderwijsraad, Probation Agency and the Raad voor Cultuur). Samkalden also was distinguished professor of Minority rights at the Leiden University holding the Cleveringa Chair from 1 September 1978 until 1 September 1979.
Events Participated in
Event | Start | End | Location(s) | Description |
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Bilderberg/1961 | 21 April 1961 | 23 April 1961 | Canada Quebec St-Castin | The 10th Bilderberg, the first in Canada and the 2nd outside Europe. |
Bilderberg/1962 | 18 May 1962 | 20 May 1962 | Sweden Saltsjöbaden | The 11th Bilderberg meeting and the first one in Sweden. |
Bilderberg/1963 | 29 March 1963 | 31 March 1963 | France Cannes Hotel Martinez | The 12th Bilderberg meeting and the second one in France. |
Bilderberg/1965 | 2 April 1965 | 4 April 1965 | Italy Villa d'Este | The 14th Bilderberg meeting, held in Italy |
References
- ↑ Jump up to: a b c d https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/bwn1880-2000/lemmata/bwn6/samkalden
- ↑ https://eu-historians.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/jeih-34-2011_2.pdf
- ↑ https://biografieportaal.nl/recensie/ivo-samkalden-rechtlijning-democraat/
- ↑ https://revivethis.org/nieuwmarkt/
- ↑ https://www.jstor.org/stable/jj.4145200.93?seq=2
- ↑ https://www.folia.nl/actueel/133610/biografie-voor-ivo-samkalden-uvas-laatste-president-curator