Christopher Nicholson
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![]() Bernt Carlsson: "the real target" of Pan Am Flight 103? | ||||||||||||
Born | Christopher Robert Nicholson 5 February 1945 | |||||||||||
Alma mater | University of Natal | |||||||||||
Retired South African High Court Judge
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Christopher Robert Nicholson is the South African High Court Judge who in 2008 acquitted President-to-be Jacob Zuma of corruption charges. In his ruling on 12 September, Judge Nicholson said it appeared that President Mbeki and his Justice Minister had colluded with prosecutors against Zuma as part of the 'titanic power struggle' within the ANC. Mbeki indignantly denied the accusations. The charges were linked to a multi-billion-rand arms deal involving, among others, British Aerospace. Judge Nicholson held that Zuma's corruption charges were unlawful on procedural grounds in that the National Directorate of Public Prosecutions (NDPP) did not give Zuma a chance to make representations before deciding to charge him. The acquittal of Jacob Zuma led to the resignation of the President of South Africa, Thabo Mbeki.[1]
On 20 October 2018, eight years after his retirement as a Judge, Chris Nicholson published an article in the Saturday Star. That article analysed in forensic detail claims that former foreign minister Pik Botha – who died on 12 October 2018 – had been booked to travel on the doomed Pan Am Flight 103 which exploded over Lockerbie, Scotland on 21 December 1988, but had instead taken an earlier flight the same day from Heathrow to New York. Nicholson concluded his analysis by asking whether UN Commissioner for Namibia Bernt Carlsson "was not the real target of those who put the bomb on Pan Am 103."[2]
Contents
Early life and cricket
Christopher Nicholson was born 5 February 1945 on a farm near Richmond, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, and educated at Michaelhouse and at the University of Natal (1964 to 1968) where he obtained a BA and Bachelor of Legislative Law degree. He represented the University First Cricket team and South African Universities Cricket team on a tour of England in 1967.
Chris Nicholson is a cousin of the brothers Peter and Graeme Pollock who played Test cricket for South Africa, and is a brother to Ravenor Nicholson, another first class cricketer and is also a cousin of the writer Alan Paton.[3]
Legal career
After serving as a clerk for one year in 1969 to Mr Justice R Hill in Pretoria, Nicholson was admitted as an Advocate of the Supreme Court of South West Africa (Namibia) on 15 June 1970. One of the reasons for going to SWA was to help with voluntary work in the Anglican Church. He married Jillian Frances Almond on 25 July 1970. They have two daughters Jessica and Juliette. Nicholson practised as an advocate at the Windhoek bar until December 1971. He played cricket for SWA (Namibia) and proposed that non-racial sport be introduced in SWA, which became so controversial that his practice suffered.
Nicholson returned to South Africa and became an Advocate in Durban in January 1971. He helped to found the first non-racial cricket club, Aurora, in Pietermaritzburg and was the first vice-captain. Aurora was threatened with prosecution by Minister Piet Koornhof for a breach of the Group Areas Act. At this stage his practice consisted of commercial litigation with some emphasis on human rights cases. Nicholson defended Harry Gwala in a marathon trial in the mid-seventies and was involved in a number of political trials.
Legal Resources Centre
In 1979 Nicholson, following on the efforts of Arthur Chaskalson in Johannesburg, founded the Durban chapter of the Legal Resources Centre (LRC) to assist those who could not afford advice or legal representation. Prior to and during his work with the LRC Nicholson undertook litigation and was involved in a number of reported cases which were broadly of a human rights nature. In the early days the litigation was directed against the pass and other laws which oppressed black people. Later in the mid-eighties the cases arose out of the detention and maltreatment of political opponents of the government.
Nicholson appeared before the Kannemeyer Commission for the families of the blacks shot at Uitenhage by the police on the 25th anniversary of the Sharpeville massacre. This Commission severely censured the police for their use of firearms and lack of adequate preparation and equipment.
He also became active in labour law as a result of acting for persons who were dismissed unlawfully. While Director of the LRC in Durban Nicholson published a number of books, compilations and articles. His name appeared on a secret State Security Council list of ‘politically sensitive people’ dated 10 July 1986 against whom action was to be taken. The list emerged during the TRC process. The action to be taken against him was euphemistically called ‘persistent investigation’ and consisted of more than a year of harassment, including death-threats on a daily basis to himself, wife and 12 and 10 year old daughters and the delivery of a load of ‘night-soil’. The LRC itself was targeted in a State Security Council document headed ‘Strategy for the combating of the LRC’ dated 27 October 1988.
Nicholson joined the law faculty of the University of Natal in January 1990 as a senior lecturer and served on the editorial board of the South African Journal for Human Rights. With the permission of the University he continued appearing in select cases for the LRC mostly of a human rights nature.
In July 1994 Nicholson left the University to return to the Legal Resources Centre as a Constitutional litigator. He became Senior Counsel in 1994 and took silk, enabling him to become a Judge. He acted as a Judge in the Natal Provincial Division from June 1995 until December 1995.
High Court Judge
Judge Nicholson was appointed to the South African High Court from 1 January 1996. The next year he was appointed as a Judge on the Labour Appeal Court, the highest court dealing with labour matters in the country.
In 1998, he was one of four Judges on the KwazZulu-Natal bench who refused to sign a petition against the present Judge president, Vuka Tshabalala, who at the time was vying for the top position on the KZN bench against Judge Willem Booysen. The latter, despite being a former Broederbonder, was supported by 14 judges. They argued that Tshabalala would not command the respect of the other judges.[4]
In 2006 Judge Nicholson found the government to be in contempt of court over the provision of antiretrovirals for prisoners at Westville Prison and in mid-2008 he ruled against the Erasmus Commission, set up by Ebrahim Rasool to probe allegations of bribery in the City of Cape Town, finding that the former premier had abused his provincial powers.
In January 2009, following his Judgment acquitting Jacob Zuma of corruption charges, the Supreme Court of Appeal (SCA) bench, led by deputy president Judge Louis Harms, and including Judges Ian Farlam, Azhar Cachalia, Mandisa Maya and Nathan Ponnan, all agreed that Judge Nicholson was wrong to declare the charges against Zuma unlawful.[5]
Judge Nicholson retired from the bench in July 2010. A month later, the Mail & Guardian published an article calling for the reconstitution of the National Prosecuting Authority (NPA), which said:
- "Judge Chris Nicholson, who was so brutally rebuked by the Supreme Court of Appeal, may well now have history on his side.
- ...his apprehensions of political interference have been proved to be correct."[6]
Post retirement
Ex-Judge Chris Nicholson became a board member of the KwaZulu-Natal Philharmonic Orchestra and is Patron of the Durban and Coast Child Welfare Association.
Nicholson chaired a Ministerial Committee enquiring into Cricket Administration in 2013 and delivered a report making recommendations for disciplining the CEO of Cricket South Africa and making various administrative reforms.
He received the St Michael's Award from Michaelhouse School for outstanding work in the Human Rights field. As chairman of the Board of Governors of the school Jamie Inglis said on 30 April 2004, the award was to honour people such as those identified by American President Woodrow Wilson who said ‘the princes among us are those who forget themselves and serve mankind.’ He also stated that suitable candidates were persons who carried out what Pope John XXIII stated when he urged persons ‘not to walk through life without leaving worthy evidence of your passage.’
ICJ nomination
"South Africa will win its ICJ case alleging genocide by Israel in the Gaza Strip"[7] |
On 4 January 2024, Patrick Haseldine emailed Professor Francis Boyle:
- Subject: South Africa's CPPCG proceedings at the ICJ
- Dear Fab,
- In your Democracy Now! interview on 2 January 2024, you said you didn't have a name yet for the Judge ad hoc that South Africa has a right to appoint under the Statute of the ICJ.[8]
- I would like to nominate retired SA High Court Judge Chris Nicholson who I'm sure "will do his best to try to keep (US Judge) Joan Donoghue straight".
- Further reading: Document:South Africa institutes Genocide Convention proceedings against Israel.
- Cheers,
- Patrick Haseldine
Prof. Boyle replied:
- Subject: RE:South Africa's CPPCG proceedings at the ICJ
- Thanks for the interest and the recommendation. The South Africans are handling this themselves. I would recommend you send your recommendation to the South African Ambassador to The Netherlands in The Hague. He is the Agent on the case.
- But yes, Donoghue is a career-long US State Department Apparatchick and Legal Hatchetperson. She will try to shape the lawsuit in favor of Israel and the United States.
- Thanks again. Fab
- Francis A. Boyle
- Law Building
- 504 E. Pennsylvania Ave.
- Champaign IL 61820 USA
Patrick Haseldine then emailed SA Ambassador to The Netherlands Vusi Madonsela on 4 January 2024:
- Subject: RE:South Africa's CPPCG proceedings at the ICJ
- Dear Ambassador,
- Professor Boyle has recommended that I send you my nomination for Judge ad hoc at the ICJ proceedings: former South African High Court Judge Christopher Nicholson.
- Wishing you success at The Hague,
- Yours sincerely,
- Patrick Haseldine
- HM Diplomatic Service (Retired)
Nicholson's reaction
On 5 January 2024, Chris Nicholson responded:
- Subject: RE: South Africa's CPPCG proceedings at the ICJ
- Hi Patrick,
- I was most flattered to see your nomination of me as the Judge from South Africa for the Israel case.
- I have read the application papers and am most impressed with the incredibly thorough case made out.
- It appears to me to be totally unanswerable …
- I am sure I would never be appointed as the Judge and have some reservations about accepting the position.
- I am shortly to be 79 years old and while I think I am mentally strong, sadly my body is packing up…
- Two hip replacements, two knee replacements are just part of the story of the results of a long struggle in South Africa and rugby, cricket etc…
- I have also very strong feelings about the horrible fate of the Palestinians in Gaza…
- So much so that I have written a small article about some of my experiences.
- The result of this is that I can never consider myself as non-partisan on the issue.
- Finally I am more a human rights lawyer and later activist judge than International lawyer.
- While the matter is still under consideration I am very doubtful that I will accept any such nomination.
- That said, I have read your emails with Francis Boyle with great interest and taken note of the allegations of bullying by American judges…
- My own feelings are that America is so implicated as a sponsor and accomplice in the genocide that any Judges from there should never be allowed to sit, let alone preside.
- Thanks again for my nomination.
- By the way I will let you know all the progress in the book "Slain Heroes" as soon as I have clarity.
- Kind regards
- Chris Nicholson
Relaying to SA Ambassador
On 5 January 2024 at 13:06 Haseldine emailed the Ambassador:
- Subject: RE: South Africa's CPPCG proceedings at the ICJ
- Dear Ambassador,
- Attached is all of yesterday's email traffic in relation to South Africa's Genocide Convention proceedings against Israel at the ICJ and, more specifically, about my nomination of Christopher Nicholson to be SA's Judge ad hoc in the case.
- Today, Chris Nicholson reacted to being nominated.
- I'm a sprightly 81, and I think you should bring young Judge Nicholson out of retirement!
- Yours ever,
- Patrick Haseldine
- HM Diplomatic Service (Retired)
Appointment of SA Judge ad hoc
Chris Nicholson responded at 13:38:
- Subject: RE: South Africa's CPPCG proceedings at the ICJ
- Hi Patrick,
- I was just watching the television and an ex-Deputy Chief Justice Dikgang Moseneke was appointed as the Judge ad hoc…
- Thank you for thinking of me…
Published works
![](/w/images/thumb/d/d5/CN_Justice_Woman.jpg/300px-CN_Justice_Woman.jpg)
Following his retirement, Chris Nicholson published six books,[9] of which the first two ("Permanent Removal: Who Killed the Cradock Four?" and "Papwa Sewgolum: From Pariah to Legend") were nominated for the Alan Paton prize for non-fiction.[10]
Nicholson has also written a courtroom drama titled "Justice is a Woman" which was performed at Grace College, Hilton, KwaZulu-Natal in May 2019[11] and at the Hexagon Theatre in Pietermaritzburg in June 2019.[12]
- "Permanent Removal: Who Killed The Cradock Four?" (2004) – Nicholson documents the cover-up and subsequent exposure of the murder of four anti-Apartheid activists, "The Cradock Four", in the Eastern Cape.
- "Papwa the Pariah: Golf in Apartheid's Shadow" (2005) – A biography of Papwa Sewgolum, a South African golfer of Indian descent who, on account of the colour of his skin, had to receive the trophy for winning the Natal Open Golf Tournament in the rain as he was refused admission to the whites-only clubhouse.
- "Richard and Adolf: Did Richard Wagner Incite Adolf Hitler to Commit the Holocaust?" (2007), Gefen Publishing House, – Nicholson investigates the degree to which Richard Wagner's anti-semitic views might have influenced Adolf Hitler. Five-star review on Amazon:
This fascinating book reads like a novel and gave me a totally new insight into a genius but to my mind mad composer, and the ghastly Hitler, putting them into historical perspective and making me see their world in a new light- and wondering what would have happened if Hitler had not found Wagner and his music as a young man. Nicholson's theory is most interesting.[13]
- "One Hand Washes the Other" (2013) published by Arena Books
- "No Sacred Cows" published by Hands-On Books, South Africa
- "The Level Playing Field" (2015) published by the KwaZulu-Natal Cricket Union in association with Cricket South Africa
Magnum opus
In January 2023, Chris Nicholson completed his seventh book which is entitled "Slain Heroes", a magnum opus comprising 58 thoroughly researched and well-written chapters on high-profile assassinations that took place during the South African apartheid era. Each chapter marshalls the facts, provides much-needed context and brings fascinating new insights into the state-sponsored slaying of Steve Biko, Bernt Carlsson, Ruth First, Dag Hammarskjöld, Chris Hani, Anton Lubowski, Samora Machel, Olof Palme, Jeanette Schoon, Dulcie September, The Cradock Four, Abram Tiro and David Webster:
- 1. Bloody Easter Saturday
- 2. Chris Hani - The best President SA never had
- 3. The trial and appeal
- 4. Arthur Kemp
- 5. Six similar sinister scandals
- 6. Conspiracy raises its ugly head
- 7. The plunder of Africa
- 8. Who Stole South Africa?
- 9. Murder of a marine biologist
- 10. The attempted invasion of Seychelles
- 11. The murder of Dag Hammarskjöld
- 12. Operation Celeste
- 13. The highly secret organisation Le Cercle
- 14. Who Killed Swedish PM Olof Palme?
- 15. The land God made in anger
- 16. Diamonds in the desert
- 17. Enter the Oppenheimers
- 18. A feisty judge
- 19. Tsumeb and tax evasion
- 20. Follow the Yellow Cake road
- 21. Anton Lubowski
- 22. Diamonds are SWAPO
- 23. Pan Am 103
- 24. One blue and one green eye
- 25. A very secret meeting
- 26. Lucky Escapees from Lockerbie Flight
- 27. Craig Williamson
- 28. More Williamson victims
- 29. Prophets of doom
- 30. The most diabolical aspect of Apartheid
- 31. The sterilisation programme and the 'black bomb'
- 32. Foreign assistance in the AIDS
- 33. SAIMR and the AIDS war
- 34. 'Dr' Maxwell returns to South Africa
- 35. Maxwell's vision of saving the world
- 36. Alexander Jones bares his soul
- 37. Julian Ogilvie Thompson and Anglo American
- 38. The progress of AIDS throughout the world
- 39. Incentivising the decision makers
- 40. Georgiadis and F W de Klerk
- 41. Teflon Man - the charmed life of Fana Hlongwane
- 42. The British bribes Basil Hersov
- 43. John Bredenkamp and Richard Charter
- 44. More German Bribes
- 45. Avoiding Nuremberg trials
- 46. Bribing the black elite
- 47. The Hani Memorandum
- 48. General Tienie Groenewald
- 49. Negotiations in the 1980s
- 50. Links that stink
- 51. The owner of the BMW
- 52. Chris Hani returns to South Africa from exile
- 53. Inside job
- 54. Tito Maleka
- 55. Sleaze balls
- 56. The final piece of the jigsaw
- 57. Final reckoning on liability
- 58. The nemesis of docility
- List of authorities
Guy Rose, Nicholson's literary agent in London, is arranging for "Slain Heroes" to be published early in 2023.[14]
Documents by Christopher Nicholson
Title | Document type | Publication date | Subject(s) | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|
Document:Afterword to "Who Really Killed Chris Hani?" | Book | 29 February 2024 | Patrick Haseldine Bernt Carlsson Olof Palme Samora Machel Dag Hammarskjöld Anton Lubowski Ruth First Chris Hani Dulcie September Steve Biko Carroll Quigley The Cradock Four David Webster Guy Rose Mads Brügger | Courts have decided that freedom of expression trumps all other rights as without it nobody, including the courts, would ever hear of breaches of other rights. So those who have attempted to suppress this book have prevented the world from discovering and prosecuting the criminals, who perpetrated the foul murders. In law we would describe them as accessories after the fact of these killings. |
Document:Goliath's Revenge - Israel and Apartheid South Africa | Article | 5 January 2024 | Gaza Israel Palestine South Africa 2023-2024 Israel-Hamas War | "During the apartheid years I practised as a human rights lawyer and one of my colleagues defended a young boy, charged with assaulting a police officer. He had thrown a stone at the man, who was on board a tank-like military vehicle, but had arrogantly left his helmet off. A law in force with regard to firearms required a warning shot to be fired in certain circumstances. The prosecutor then demanded of the latter-day David: ‘Why did you not throw a warning stone?’" |
Document:Lucky Escapees from Pan Am Flight 103 | Article | 20 October 2018 | Bernt Carlsson Pik Botha Pan Am Flight 103/Cover-up Mats Wilander Theresa Papenfus Gerrit Pretorius Jeremy Shearer Roland Darroll | In this article, Judge Nicholson analyses in forensic detail conflicting claims that former foreign minister Pik Botha had been booked to travel on the doomed Pan Am Flight 103 which exploded over Lockerbie, Scotland, on 21 December 1988. The Judge's analysis concludes by asking whether UN Commissioner for Namibia Bernt Carlsson "was not the real target of those who put the bomb on Pan Am 103." |
Document:Who Really Killed Chris Hani? | Book | 29 February 2024 | Bernt Carlsson Olof Palme Dag Hammarskjöld Anton Lubowski Chris Hani Patrice Lumumba | "Apart from Chris Hani’s murder, we deal with five others, spread over three decades: Patrice Lumumba in September 1961; Dag Hammarskjöld on 18 September 1961; Olof Palme on 28 February 1986; Bernt Carlsson on 21 December 1988; and Anton Lubowski on 12 September 1989." |
Related Document
Title | Type | Publication date | Author(s) | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|
Document:Targeting of Bernt Carlsson on Pan Am Flight 103 | Letter | 17 February 2023 | Patrick Haseldine | Ian Ferguson: "In the early stages of the Lockerbie investigation, Bernt Carlsson's Presikhaaf suitcase was seen as the more likely bomb case. Police sources at the time said that this case was cleared of being the suspect case on November 23rd 1989." |
Documents sourced from Christopher Nicholson
Title | Type | Subject(s) | Publication date | Author(s) | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Document:Afterword to "Who Really Killed Chris Hani?" | Book | Patrick Haseldine Bernt Carlsson Olof Palme Samora Machel Dag Hammarskjöld Anton Lubowski Ruth First Chris Hani Dulcie September Steve Biko Carroll Quigley The Cradock Four David Webster Guy Rose Mads Brügger | 29 February 2024 | Christopher Nicholson | Courts have decided that freedom of expression trumps all other rights as without it nobody, including the courts, would ever hear of breaches of other rights. So those who have attempted to suppress this book have prevented the world from discovering and prosecuting the criminals, who perpetrated the foul murders. In law we would describe them as accessories after the fact of these killings. |
Document:Goliath's Revenge - Israel and Apartheid South Africa | Article | Gaza Israel Palestine South Africa 2023-2024 Israel-Hamas War | 5 January 2024 | Christopher Nicholson | "During the apartheid years I practised as a human rights lawyer and one of my colleagues defended a young boy, charged with assaulting a police officer. He had thrown a stone at the man, who was on board a tank-like military vehicle, but had arrogantly left his helmet off. A law in force with regard to firearms required a warning shot to be fired in certain circumstances. The prosecutor then demanded of the latter-day David: ‘Why did you not throw a warning stone?’" |
References
- ↑ "Mbeki is forced out after split in ANC"
- ↑ Document:Lucky Escapees from Pan Am Flight 103
- ↑ http://www.futermanrose.co.uk/nicholson.html
- ↑ "Grounded in principle"
- ↑ "Judge Nicholson red-carded by SCA"
- ↑ "Time to reconstitute the NPA"
- ↑ Document:South Africa institutes Genocide Convention proceedings against Israel
- ↑ "South Africa Files Case Against Israel at International Court of Justice over 'Genocidal' Gaza War"
- ↑ "Chris Nicholson Author on Facebook"
- ↑ "Books By Christopher Nicholson"
- ↑ "Justice is a Woman"
- ↑ "Courtroom drama takes centre stage"
- ↑ "A monster and a genius- a ghastly combination"
- ↑ "Judge Chris Nicholson"
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