1873

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( 1870s: )     1873
The Panic of 1873 was a financial crisis in Europe and North America that started two decades of stagnation known as the "Long Depression"

Events

January–March

• March 3 – Censorship: The United States Congress enacts the Comstock Law, making it illegal to send any "obscene, lewd, or lascivious" books through the mail.
• March 4 – Ulysses S. Grant is sworn in for a second term, as President of the United States.
• May – Henry Rose exhibits barbed wire at an Illinois county fair, which is taken up by Joseph Glidden and Jacob Haish, who invent a machine to mass-produce it.
• May 9 – Der Gründerkrach: The Wiener Börse (Vienna stock exchange) crash in Austria-Hungary ends the Gründerzeit, and heralds the global Panic of 1873 and Long Depression.
• May 20 – In Chipping Norton, England, rioters attempt to free the Ascott Martyrs –16 women sentenced to imprisonment, for attempting to dissuade strikebreakers.
• May 23 – The Canadian Parliament establishes the North-West Mounted Police (which is renamed the Royal Canadian Mounted Police in 1920).
• May 28 – C. Laan brings order to the chaos created by the dockworker riots of Tripoli, Lebanon.
• July – The end of the war between the United Kingdom and Ghana's King Kofi KariKari, who is involved in the trading of slaves, leads to the establishment of the Gold Coast Colony.
• July 5 – New Rush in Griqualand West, South Africa is renamed Kimberley.
• August 12 – A peace treaty is signed between Imperial Russia and the Khanate of Khiva, making the khanate a Russian protectorate.
• September 15 – The International Meteorological Organization (IMO) is established.
• September 16 – German troops leave France, upon completion of payment of indemnity for the Franco-Prussian War.
• September 18 – The New York stock market crash triggers the Panic of 1873, part of the Long Depression.
• October – The Long Depression begins in the United States.
• November 10 – Establishment of the Home Ministry in Japan, introducing police services of the Empire of Japan on the European model.
• November 18–21 – Irish Home Rule movement: The Home Government Association reconstitutes itself as the Home Rule League.
• December 21 – Francis Garnier is attacked outside Hanoi by Black Flag mercenaries fighting for the Vietnamese.

Date unknown

• The League of the Three Emperors is created. It links the conservative monarchs of Austria-Hungary, the German Empire and the Russian Empire in an alliance against radical movements.
• The Swedish arms company Aktiebolaget (AB) Bofors-Gullspång, better known as Bofors, is founded.
• In Mexico, the Veracruz–Mexico City railroad is completed.

 

Events

Event	Start	End
Pax Brittanica	1815	1915
Victorian era	1840	1901

 

New Groups

Group	Image	Type	Description
University of South Africa		Public open distance learning	Mega university with over 400,000 students in South Africa
Rio Tinto Group		Commercial	British-Australian multinational metals and mining corporation with headquarters in London
William Penn University		Private university	Run by members of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers)
Scottish American Investment Company			Long established investment company

 

==A Quotation== 

Deaths

Title	Born	Died	Summary
Napoleon III	20 April 1808	9 January 1873	Politician
John Stuart Mill	20 May 1806	7 May 1873

 

Births

Title	Born	Place of birth	Died	Summary	Description
Qavam Saltaneh	2 January 1873	Iran Tehran	23 July 1955
William Green	3 March 1873		1952	Union organizer
John W. Davis	13 April 1873	United States West Virginia Clarksburg	24 March 1955	Politician
Leon Czolgosz	5 May 1873		29 October 1901	Journalist "Lone nut"	Killed for the assassination of William McKinley
George Gibbs	6 July 1873		28 October 1931
Hugh Sinclair	18 August 1873	Southampton	4 November 1939	Spook
Cornelius Vanderbilt III	5 September 1873	New York	1 March 1942
Fritz Thyssen	9 November 1873	Germany Mülheim	8 February 1951	Businessperson
George N. Peek	19 November 1873	United States Illinois Polo	17 December 1943	Economist Civil servant Businessperson
Vernon Kell	21 November 1873	Great Yarmouth	27 March 1942	Spook Soldier Polyglot
Leo Amery	22 November 1873	India Gorakhpur	16 September 1955	Politician Deep state actor	UK historian and deep state actor, chief lieutenant of Alfred Milner
Al Smith	30 December 1873	New York United States Manhattan	4 October 1944	Politician	4 term governor of New York

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