Difference between revisions of "Amber Rudd"
m (Text replacement - "|twitter=" to "|twitter=https://twitter.com/") |
m |
||
| (7 intermediate revisions by 5 users not shown) | |||
| Line 7: | Line 7: | ||
|image=Amber_Rudd.jpg | |image=Amber_Rudd.jpg | ||
|image_width=200px | |image_width=200px | ||
| − | |||
|spouses=A. A. Gill | |spouses=A. A. Gill | ||
|website=http://amberrudd.co.uk | |website=http://amberrudd.co.uk | ||
| + | |description=British Conservative Party politician. Opponent of [[Brexit]]. | ||
|birth_name=Amber Augusta Rudd | |birth_name=Amber Augusta Rudd | ||
|birth_place=London, United Kingdom | |birth_place=London, United Kingdom | ||
| Line 16: | Line 16: | ||
|children=2 | |children=2 | ||
|relatives=Roland Rudd (lobbyist) | |relatives=Roland Rudd (lobbyist) | ||
| − | |alma_mater=Cheltenham Ladies College, University of Edinburgh | + | |alma_mater=Queen's College London, Cheltenham Ladies' College, University of Edinburgh |
| − | |religion= | + | |religion=Christian |
|powerbase=http://www.powerbase.info/index.php/Amber_Rudd | |powerbase=http://www.powerbase.info/index.php/Amber_Rudd | ||
|parents=Tony Rudd, Ethne Fitzgerald | |parents=Tony Rudd, Ethne Fitzgerald | ||
|employment={{job | |employment={{job | ||
| + | |title=Secretary of State for Work and Pensions | ||
| + | |start=16 November 2018 | ||
| + | |end=7 September 2019 | ||
| + | }}{{job | ||
| + | |title=Minister for Women and Equalities | ||
| + | |start=24 July 2019 | ||
| + | |end=7 September 2019 | ||
| + | }}{{job | ||
|title=Home Secretary | |title=Home Secretary | ||
|start=13 July 2016 | |start=13 July 2016 | ||
| − | |end= | + | |end=29 April 2018 |
| + | }}{{job | ||
| + | |title=Minister for Women and Equalities | ||
| + | |start=9 January 2018 | ||
| + | |end=30 April 2018 | ||
}}{{job | }}{{job | ||
|title=Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change | |title=Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change | ||
| Line 39: | Line 51: | ||
|title=Member of Parliament for Hastings and Rye | |title=Member of Parliament for Hastings and Rye | ||
|start=6 May 2010 | |start=6 May 2010 | ||
| − | |end= | + | |end=6 November 2019 |
}} | }} | ||
}} | }} | ||
| − | '''Amber Rudd''' (born London, 1 August 1963) | + | '''Amber Rudd''' (born London, 1 August 1963) is a British [[Conservative Party]] politician. |
| + | |||
| + | She was [[Secretary of State for Work and Pensions]] from 2018 to 2019. She was [[Home Secretary]] succeeding [[Theresa May]] on 13 July 2016 and was given the additional role of [[Minister for Women and Equalities]] in January 2018.<ref>''[https://twitter.com/MatthewScottPCC/status/755830622405419008 "Meeting with new Home Sec @AmberRudd_MP and Policing Minister @BrandonLewis"]''</ref> In April 2018, Amber Rudd was replaced as [[Home Secretary]] by [[Sajid Javid]] and as [[Minister for Women and Equalities]] by [[Penny Mordaunt]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | On 16 November 2018, Rudd was appointed [[Secretary of State for Work and Pensions]] by Prime Minister [[Theresa May]], following the resignation of [[Esther McVey]]. She was re-appointed by [[Boris Johnson]] on 24 July 2019 and succeeded [[Penny Mordaunt]] in her previous portfolio as [[Minister for Women and Equalities]].<ref>''[https://www.hastingsobserver.co.uk/news/politics/amber-rudd-to-serve-in-boris-johnson-s-government-1-9010685 "Amber Rudd to serve in Boris Johnson’s Government"]''</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Amber Rudd was first elected [[Member of Parliament]] (MP) for Hastings and Rye constituency in the 2010 UK General Election.<ref>''[http://www.theargus.co.uk/news/elections/general_election_2010/constituencies/33.hastings___rye/candidates/2676._amber_rudd "Amber Rudd -profile"]''</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | She left Parliament in 2019. | ||
==Education== | ==Education== | ||
| − | From 1974-1979, Amber Rudd was educated at Cheltenham Ladies' College,<ref> | + | From 1974-1979, Amber Rudd was educated at Cheltenham Ladies' College,<ref>http://www.clcguild.org/news/the_slab.html</ref> a boarding independent school in Cheltenham in Gloucestershire, and from 1979-1981 at Queen's College, London,<ref>http://www.qcl.org.uk/mobile/former-pupils.php</ref> an independent day school for girls in London, followed by the University of Edinburgh. |
==Career== | ==Career== | ||
===Business=== | ===Business=== | ||
| − | After graduating from Edinburgh University with a degree in history, Amber Rudd joined [[JPMorgan Chase|J.P. Morgan & Co.]], working in both London and New York. She then worked in venture capital in London, raising funds for small businesses. After working as a financial journalist, she founded specialist executive search and human resources consultancy Lawnstone Ltd,<ref> | + | After graduating from Edinburgh University with a degree in history, Amber Rudd joined [[JPMorgan Chase|J.P. Morgan & Co.]], working in both London and New York. She then worked in venture capital in London, raising funds for small businesses. After working as a financial journalist, she founded specialist executive search and human resources consultancy Lawnstone Ltd,<ref>http://www.eurograduate.com/article.asp?id=2864&pid=6 </ref> with clients in financial services and in business media.<ref>http://web.archive.org/web/20100511073241/http://www.conservatives.com/People/Members_of_Parliament/Rudd_Amber.aspx</ref> She helped to find extras for the film ''Four Weddings and a Funeral'' for which she was credited as the "aristocracy co-ordinator", and appeared briefly in one of the church scenes in the film. |
===Politics=== | ===Politics=== | ||
| Line 56: | Line 76: | ||
At the 2005 general election, Amber Rudd was the [[Conservative party]] candidate for the Labour-held seat of Liverpool, Garston. Her name was subsequently added to the Conservative A-List and selected to contest the Hastings and Rye constituency in 2006, moving to the old town in 2007. In the [[2010 General Election]], Rudd was elected as the MP for Hastings & Rye with a majority of 1,993 votes. Shortly afterwards, Rudd was elected to serve as a Conservative member on the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Select Committee. | At the 2005 general election, Amber Rudd was the [[Conservative party]] candidate for the Labour-held seat of Liverpool, Garston. Her name was subsequently added to the Conservative A-List and selected to contest the Hastings and Rye constituency in 2006, moving to the old town in 2007. In the [[2010 General Election]], Rudd was elected as the MP for Hastings & Rye with a majority of 1,993 votes. Shortly afterwards, Rudd was elected to serve as a Conservative member on the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Select Committee. | ||
| − | Amber Rudd is vice-chair of the Parliamentary committee on Female Genital Mutilation, which has campaigned against FGM and called for tougher legal penalties in the area. She has championed the cause of sex equality as chairperson of the APPG for Sex Equality,<ref> | + | Amber Rudd is vice-chair of the Parliamentary committee on Female Genital Mutilation, which has campaigned against FGM and called for tougher legal penalties in the area. She has championed the cause of sex equality as chairperson of the APPG for Sex Equality,<ref>http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmallparty/register/sex-equality.htm</ref> which published a report on women in work. Rudd chaired a cross-party enquiry into unplanned pregnancies which called for statutory sex and relationships education in all secondary schools.<ref>http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-20785049</ref> She has also called for a higher proportion of women in Cabinet.<ref>http://www.theguardian.com/society/2012/nov/25/women-equality-gender-gap-bishops</ref> |
| − | In September 2012, she was made Parliamentary [[Private Secretary to the Chancellor of the Exchequer]], [[George Osborne]].<ref> | + | In September 2012, she was made Parliamentary [[Private Secretary to the Chancellor of the Exchequer]], [[George Osborne]].<ref>http://www.hastingsobserver.co.uk/news/local-news/amber-rudd-mp-in-new-role-with-chancellor-1-4255204 </ref> In October 2013, she became an assistant government whip. In July 2014, Rudd was appointed Minister of State at the Department for Energy and Climate Change (DECC).<ref>http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/energy/10969165/Cabinet-reshuffle-Chancellors-allies-Matt-Hancock-and-Amber-Rudd-join-energy-department.html</ref><ref>http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-28303854</ref> |
| − | Following the 7 May 2015 general election, Amber Rudd was appointed [[Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change]] and became a member of the [[Privy Council]].<ref> | + | Following the 7 May 2015 general election, Amber Rudd was appointed [[Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change]] and became a member of the [[Privy Council]].<ref>http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2015-32683868</ref><ref>[http://privycouncil.independent.gov.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Privy-Council-business-and-order-14-may-2015.pdf "Privy Council 14 May 2015"]</ref> |
==Nuclear power advocacy== | ==Nuclear power advocacy== | ||
| − | In July 2015, ''[[Private Eye]]'' reported that Amber Rudd faces a potential conflict of interest because she is to decide on the proposed [[Hinkley Point]] C nuclear power station whilst her brother [[Roland Rudd]] is chairman (and founder) of [[Finsbury]], which represents a construction company with a £100m contract to help build the nuclear plant. The ''[[Private Eye]]'' report noted that despite the MPs’ register of interests including a new category of 'family members engaged in lobbying' Rudd "makes no mention of her brother or his interests", and added, "The ''Eye'' asked the [[Department of Energy & Climate Change]] if Rudd had told its permanent secretary about Roland and Finsbury (another conflict of interest procedure) but it did not reply". | + | In July 2015, ''[[Private Eye]]'' reported that Amber Rudd faces a potential conflict of interest because she is to decide on the proposed [[Hinkley Point]] C nuclear power station whilst her brother [[Roland Rudd]] is chairman (and founder) of [[Finsbury]], which represents a construction company with a £100m contract to help build the nuclear plant. The ''[[Private Eye]]'' report noted that despite the MPs’ register of interests including a new category of 'family members engaged in lobbying' Rudd "makes no mention of her brother or his interests", and added, "The ''Eye'' asked the [[Department of Energy & Climate Change]] if Rudd had told its permanent secretary about Roland and Finsbury (another conflict of interest procedure) but it did not reply". |
| − | The links between decisions to be taken by the [[Department for Energy and Climate Change]] and Rudd’s brother’s lobbying interests had previously been reported in ''[[The Daily Mail]]''. In May 2015, the newspaper’s chief political correspondent, [[Daniel Martin]], reported that Rudd would not be making a decision on plans by [[Halite Energy Group]] to store natural gas in underground caves in Lancashire. Halite is represented by the lobbying firm Rudd’s brother chairs. Martin reported: "It is one of the first big decisions in Energy Secretary Amber Rudd’s in-tray – but she won’t be making it. Last night Miss Rudd conceded that she would play no part in the decision. But the Department for Energy and Climate Change insisted that this was not because of any conflict of interest. A spokesman said the decision was never due to have been made by her, and that it would be down to a junior minister. But last night officials were unable to say which minister would make the decision."<ref> | + | The links between decisions to be taken by the [[Department for Energy and Climate Change]] and Rudd’s brother’s lobbying interests had previously been reported in ''[[The Daily Mail]]''. In May 2015, the newspaper’s chief political correspondent, [[Daniel Martin]], reported that Rudd would not be making a decision on plans by [[Halite Energy Group]] to store natural gas in underground caves in Lancashire. Halite is represented by the lobbying firm Rudd’s brother chairs. Martin reported: "It is one of the first big decisions in Energy Secretary Amber Rudd’s in-tray – but she won’t be making it. Last night Miss Rudd conceded that she would play no part in the decision. But the Department for Energy and Climate Change insisted that this was not because of any conflict of interest. A spokesman said the decision was never due to have been made by her, and that it would be down to a junior minister. But last night officials were unable to say which minister would make the decision."<ref>http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3101626/Energy-minister-brother-explosive-decision-WON-T-making.html</ref> |
===Subsidy for nuclear, not for solar=== | ===Subsidy for nuclear, not for solar=== | ||
| Line 71: | Line 91: | ||
==Comments about Hastings== | ==Comments about Hastings== | ||
| − | In April 2013, a profile of Amber Rudd appeared in the ''Financial Times''<ref> | + | In April 2013, a profile of Amber Rudd appeared in the ''Financial Times''<ref>http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/97b6f7e6-ad46-11e2-b27f-00144feabdc0.html#axzz2bH8rFtkx </ref> which caused upset to some in her constituency as it reported her referring to "people who are on benefits, who prefer to be on benefits by the seaside...moving down here to have easier access to friends and drugs and drink". She responded by stating that "I am incredibly optimistic about Hastings. I described the well-known problems that Hastings has to the ''Financial Times'' but I also talked about the incredible investment in the town, the fact that unemployment is going down and that there are many positive things to say about it."<ref>http://www.theargus.co.uk/news/10391147.Sussex_MP_blasted_for_drugs_comment/ </ref> |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
==Personal life== | ==Personal life== | ||
| − | Amber Rudd married the writer A.A. Gill in 1990.< | + | Amber Rudd married the writer A.A. Gill in 1990.<refhttp://www.guardian.co.uk/theobserver/2000/mar/19/features.magazine7?INTCMP=ILCNETTXT3487 </ref> Rudd and Gill have two children, Flora and Alasdair.<ref>http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/columnists/columnists.html?in_article_id=409328&in_page_id=1772&in_author_id=230 </ref> The couple separated in 1995 and later divorced.<ref>http://women.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,18030-1730930,00.html</ref> |
| − | Amber Rudd is a trustee of the Snowdon Trust, an organisation that helps young disabled people access education.<ref> | + | Amber Rudd is a trustee of the Snowdon Trust, an organisation that helps young disabled people access education.<ref>http://www.snowdontrust.org/</ref> Rudd has been director of the Susan Smith Blackburn Prize since 2003, an annual award for a first-time female playwright in the English language. She also serves as a governor of The St Leonards Academy in Hastings.<ref>http://www.thestleonardsacademy.org/governors.php</ref> |
Her mother was briefly styled Marchioness Conyngham while married to Frederick Conyngham, 7th Marquess Conyngham.<ref>[http://www.burkespeerage.com/ www.burkespeerage.com]</ref> | Her mother was briefly styled Marchioness Conyngham while married to Frederick Conyngham, 7th Marquess Conyngham.<ref>[http://www.burkespeerage.com/ www.burkespeerage.com]</ref> | ||
Latest revision as of 03:52, 16 September 2022
 Amber Rudd        (politician) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Born | Amber Augusta Rudd 1 August 1963 London, United Kingdom | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nationality | British | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alma mater | Queen's College London, Cheltenham Ladies' College, University of Edinburgh | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Religion | Christian | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Parents | • Tony Rudd • Ethne Fitzgerald | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Children | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Spouse | A. A. Gill | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Member of | Franco-British Colloque | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Party | Conservative | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Relatives | Roland Rudd (lobbyist) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
British Conservative Party politician. Opponent of Brexit.
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amber Rudd (born London, 1 August 1963) is a British Conservative Party politician.
She was Secretary of State for Work and Pensions from 2018 to 2019. She was Home Secretary succeeding Theresa May on 13 July 2016 and was given the additional role of Minister for Women and Equalities in January 2018.[1] In April 2018, Amber Rudd was replaced as Home Secretary by Sajid Javid and as Minister for Women and Equalities by Penny Mordaunt.
On 16 November 2018, Rudd was appointed Secretary of State for Work and Pensions by Prime Minister Theresa May, following the resignation of Esther McVey. She was re-appointed by Boris Johnson on 24 July 2019 and succeeded Penny Mordaunt in her previous portfolio as Minister for Women and Equalities.[2]
Amber Rudd was first elected Member of Parliament (MP) for Hastings and Rye constituency in the 2010 UK General Election.[3]
She left Parliament in 2019.
Contents
Education
From 1974-1979, Amber Rudd was educated at Cheltenham Ladies' College,[4] a boarding independent school in Cheltenham in Gloucestershire, and from 1979-1981 at Queen's College, London,[5] an independent day school for girls in London, followed by the University of Edinburgh.
Career
Business
After graduating from Edinburgh University with a degree in history, Amber Rudd joined J.P. Morgan & Co., working in both London and New York. She then worked in venture capital in London, raising funds for small businesses. After working as a financial journalist, she founded specialist executive search and human resources consultancy Lawnstone Ltd,[6] with clients in financial services and in business media.[7] She helped to find extras for the film Four Weddings and a Funeral for which she was credited as the "aristocracy co-ordinator", and appeared briefly in one of the church scenes in the film.
Politics
At the 2005 general election, Amber Rudd was the Conservative party candidate for the Labour-held seat of Liverpool, Garston. Her name was subsequently added to the Conservative A-List and selected to contest the Hastings and Rye constituency in 2006, moving to the old town in 2007. In the 2010 General Election, Rudd was elected as the MP for Hastings & Rye with a majority of 1,993 votes. Shortly afterwards, Rudd was elected to serve as a Conservative member on the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Select Committee.
Amber Rudd is vice-chair of the Parliamentary committee on Female Genital Mutilation, which has campaigned against FGM and called for tougher legal penalties in the area. She has championed the cause of sex equality as chairperson of the APPG for Sex Equality,[8] which published a report on women in work. Rudd chaired a cross-party enquiry into unplanned pregnancies which called for statutory sex and relationships education in all secondary schools.[9] She has also called for a higher proportion of women in Cabinet.[10]
In September 2012, she was made Parliamentary Private Secretary to the Chancellor of the Exchequer, George Osborne.[11] In October 2013, she became an assistant government whip. In July 2014, Rudd was appointed Minister of State at the Department for Energy and Climate Change (DECC).[12][13]
Following the 7 May 2015 general election, Amber Rudd was appointed Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change and became a member of the Privy Council.[14][15]
Nuclear power advocacy
In July 2015, Private Eye reported that Amber Rudd faces a potential conflict of interest because she is to decide on the proposed Hinkley Point C nuclear power station whilst her brother Roland Rudd is chairman (and founder) of Finsbury, which represents a construction company with a £100m contract to help build the nuclear plant. The Private Eye report noted that despite the MPs’ register of interests including a new category of 'family members engaged in lobbying' Rudd "makes no mention of her brother or his interests", and added, "The Eye asked the Department of Energy & Climate Change if Rudd had told its permanent secretary about Roland and Finsbury (another conflict of interest procedure) but it did not reply".
The links between decisions to be taken by the Department for Energy and Climate Change and Rudd’s brother’s lobbying interests had previously been reported in The Daily Mail. In May 2015, the newspaper’s chief political correspondent, Daniel Martin, reported that Rudd would not be making a decision on plans by Halite Energy Group to store natural gas in underground caves in Lancashire. Halite is represented by the lobbying firm Rudd’s brother chairs. Martin reported: "It is one of the first big decisions in Energy Secretary Amber Rudd’s in-tray – but she won’t be making it. Last night Miss Rudd conceded that she would play no part in the decision. But the Department for Energy and Climate Change insisted that this was not because of any conflict of interest. A spokesman said the decision was never due to have been made by her, and that it would be down to a junior minister. But last night officials were unable to say which minister would make the decision."[16]
Subsidy for nuclear, not for solar
In November 2015, Amber Rudd announced the UK government would drop the subsidy for solar energy. However, the government agreed to pay the nuclear industry a subsidy that dwarfs all the subsidies ever given to the coal and renewable industries combined, and what is more will be paid to the Chinese and the French. Craig Murray blogged about this: "I am lost for words."[17]
Comments about Hastings
In April 2013, a profile of Amber Rudd appeared in the Financial Times[18] which caused upset to some in her constituency as it reported her referring to "people who are on benefits, who prefer to be on benefits by the seaside...moving down here to have easier access to friends and drugs and drink". She responded by stating that "I am incredibly optimistic about Hastings. I described the well-known problems that Hastings has to the Financial Times but I also talked about the incredible investment in the town, the fact that unemployment is going down and that there are many positive things to say about it."[19]
Personal life
Amber Rudd married the writer A.A. Gill in 1990.<refhttp://www.guardian.co.uk/theobserver/2000/mar/19/features.magazine7?INTCMP=ILCNETTXT3487 </ref> Rudd and Gill have two children, Flora and Alasdair.[20] The couple separated in 1995 and later divorced.[21]
Amber Rudd is a trustee of the Snowdon Trust, an organisation that helps young disabled people access education.[22] Rudd has been director of the Susan Smith Blackburn Prize since 2003, an annual award for a first-time female playwright in the English language. She also serves as a governor of The St Leonards Academy in Hastings.[23]
Her mother was briefly styled Marchioness Conyngham while married to Frederick Conyngham, 7th Marquess Conyngham.[24]
References
- ↑ "Meeting with new Home Sec @AmberRudd_MP and Policing Minister @BrandonLewis"
- ↑ "Amber Rudd to serve in Boris Johnson’s Government"
- ↑ "Amber Rudd -profile"
- ↑ http://www.clcguild.org/news/the_slab.html
- ↑ http://www.qcl.org.uk/mobile/former-pupils.php
- ↑ http://www.eurograduate.com/article.asp?id=2864&pid=6
- ↑ http://web.archive.org/web/20100511073241/http://www.conservatives.com/People/Members_of_Parliament/Rudd_Amber.aspx
- ↑ http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmallparty/register/sex-equality.htm
- ↑ http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-20785049
- ↑ http://www.theguardian.com/society/2012/nov/25/women-equality-gender-gap-bishops
- ↑ http://www.hastingsobserver.co.uk/news/local-news/amber-rudd-mp-in-new-role-with-chancellor-1-4255204
- ↑ http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/energy/10969165/Cabinet-reshuffle-Chancellors-allies-Matt-Hancock-and-Amber-Rudd-join-energy-department.html
- ↑ http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-28303854
- ↑ http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2015-32683868
- ↑ "Privy Council 14 May 2015"
- ↑ http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3101626/Energy-minister-brother-explosive-decision-WON-T-making.html
- ↑ https://www.craigmurray.org.uk/archives/2015/11/a-change-of-political-climate/
- ↑ http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/97b6f7e6-ad46-11e2-b27f-00144feabdc0.html#axzz2bH8rFtkx
- ↑ http://www.theargus.co.uk/news/10391147.Sussex_MP_blasted_for_drugs_comment/
- ↑ http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/columnists/columnists.html?in_article_id=409328&in_page_id=1772&in_author_id=230
- ↑ http://women.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,18030-1730930,00.html
- ↑ http://www.snowdontrust.org/
- ↑ http://www.thestleonardsacademy.org/governors.php
- ↑ www.burkespeerage.com
This page imported content from Wikipedia on 28 July 2015.Wikipedia is not affiliated with Wikispooks. Original page source here
