Difference between revisions of "1866"
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| + | == Events == | ||
| + | * [[March 13]] – The [[United States Congress]] overwhelmingly passes the [[Civil Rights Act of 1866]], the first federal legislation to protect the rights of African-Americans; U.S. President [[Andrew Johnson]] vetoes the bill on March 27, and Congress overrides the veto on April 9.<ref>"Civil Rights Act of 1866", in ''Encyclopedia of African American History'', Volume 1, Leslie Alexander, ed. (ABC-CLIO, 2010) p699.</ref> | ||
| + | * [[April 4]] – [[Alexander II of Russia]] narrowly escapes an assassination attempt in the city of [[St Petersburg]]. | ||
| + | * [[May 2]] – [[Battle of Callao]]: [[Peru]]vian defenders fight the Spanish fleet. | ||
| + | * [[May 7]] – Student [[Ferdinand Cohen-Blind]] makes a failed attempt to assassinate [[Otto von Bismarck]] in [[Unter den Linden]] in Berlin. | ||
| + | * [[June 8]] – The [[Parliament of Canada]] meets for the first time in [[Ottawa]]. | ||
| + | * [[June 14]] – The [[Austro-Prussian War]] begins, when the Austrians and most of the medium German states declare war on Prussia. | ||
| + | * [[June 20]] – The Kingdom of Italy declares war on Austria. | ||
| + | * [[June 22]] – In [[Sweden]], the [[Riksdag of the Estates]] votes to replace itself by an elected two-chamber [[Riksdag]]. | ||
| + | * [[July 13]] (July 1 [[Old Style]]) – The first Constitution of [[Romania]] is issued. | ||
| + | * [[July 24]] – [[Reconstruction Era|Reconstruction]]: [[Tennessee]] becomes the first [[U.S. state]] to be readmitted to the [[United States|Union]] following the [[American Civil War]]. | ||
| + | * [[July 27]] – The SS Great Eastern successfully completes laying the [[transatlantic telegraph cable]] between [[Valentia Island]], Ireland and [[Heart's Content, Newfoundland and Labrador|Heart's Content, Newfoundland]], permanently restoring a communications link. | ||
| + | * [[August 23]] – The [[Peace of Prague (1866)|Treaty of Prague]] ends the [[Austro-Prussian War]]. The [[Limburg (Netherlands)|Duchy of Limburg]] leaves the [[German Confederation]]. | ||
| + | * [[October 12]] – The [[Treaty of Vienna (1866)|Treaty of Vienna]] ends the war between Austria and Italy; it formalizes the annexation of [[Venetia (region)|Venetia]] by Italy. | ||
| + | * [[October 14]] – French troops under the command of Rear Admiral [[Pierre-Gustave Roze]] land at [[Ganghwa Island]], Korea as part of [[French campaign against Korea (1866)|a punitive expedition against that kingdom]] for the execution of French [[Jesuit]] priests. It is the first military contact between Korea and a Western force. | ||
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| + | === Date unknown === | ||
| + | * [[Alfred Nobel]] invents [[dynamite]] in Germany. | ||
| + | * Foundation of the predecessors of [[Nestlé]] S.A., the Anglo-Swiss Milk Company and Farine Lactée Henri Nestlé. | ||
| + | * The [[Famine of 1866–68]] begins in Finland. | ||
| + | * Erasmus Jacobs discovers the {{convert|21.25|carat|g}} [[Eureka Diamond]] near [[Hopetown]] on the banks of the [[Orange River]] in the [[Cape of Good Hope]]. | ||
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{{SMWDocs}} | {{SMWDocs}} | ||
| − | {{ | + | ==References== |
| + | {{Reflist}} | ||
Revision as of 23:09, 2 March 2021
 ( 1860s: )  1866    | |
|---|---|
 Alfred Nobel invents dynamite | |
| year 1866 |
Events
- March 13 – The United States Congress overwhelmingly passes the Civil Rights Act of 1866, the first federal legislation to protect the rights of African-Americans; U.S. President Andrew Johnson vetoes the bill on March 27, and Congress overrides the veto on April 9.[1]
- April 4 – Alexander II of Russia narrowly escapes an assassination attempt in the city of St Petersburg.
- May 2 – Battle of Callao: Peruvian defenders fight the Spanish fleet.
- May 7 – Student Ferdinand Cohen-Blind makes a failed attempt to assassinate Otto von Bismarck in Unter den Linden in Berlin.
- June 8 – The Parliament of Canada meets for the first time in Ottawa.
- June 14 – The Austro-Prussian War begins, when the Austrians and most of the medium German states declare war on Prussia.
- June 20 – The Kingdom of Italy declares war on Austria.
- June 22 – In Sweden, the Riksdag of the Estates votes to replace itself by an elected two-chamber Riksdag.
- July 13 (July 1 Old Style) – The first Constitution of Romania is issued.
- July 24 – Reconstruction: Tennessee becomes the first U.S. state to be readmitted to the Union following the American Civil War.
- July 27 – The SS Great Eastern successfully completes laying the transatlantic telegraph cable between Valentia Island, Ireland and Heart's Content, Newfoundland, permanently restoring a communications link.
- August 23 – The Treaty of Prague ends the Austro-Prussian War. The Duchy of Limburg leaves the German Confederation.
- October 12 – The Treaty of Vienna ends the war between Austria and Italy; it formalizes the annexation of Venetia by Italy.
- October 14 – French troops under the command of Rear Admiral Pierre-Gustave Roze land at Ganghwa Island, Korea as part of a punitive expedition against that kingdom for the execution of French Jesuit priests. It is the first military contact between Korea and a Western force.
Date unknown
- Alfred Nobel invents dynamite in Germany.
- Foundation of the predecessors of Nestlé S.A., the Anglo-Swiss Milk Company and Farine Lactée Henri Nestlé.
- The Famine of 1866–68 begins in Finland.
- Erasmus Jacobs discovers the 21.25 carats (4.250 g) Eureka Diamond near Hopetown on the banks of the Orange River in the Cape of Good Hope.
Events
| Event | Start | End |
|---|---|---|
| Pax Brittanica | 1815 | 1915 |
| Victorian era | 1840 | 1901 |
New Groups
| Group | Image | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| College of Wooster |  | Military ranks Liberal arts | Private liberal arts college in Ohio |
| American University of Beirut |  | Military ranks | Prestigious US-run university in Lebanon |
| University of New Hampshire |  | Public Flagship Land grant Sea grant Space grant | The largest university in the US state of New Hampshire |
==A Quotation==
Births
| Title | Born | Place of birth | Died | Summary | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| James Harbord | 21 March 1866 | US Illinois Bloomington | 20 August 1947 | Soldier | |
| Robert Livingston Beeckman | 15 April 1866 | 21 January 1935 | Politician Financier | ||
| Henri Deterding | 19 April 1866 | 4 February 1939 | Deep politician | Anglo-Dutch oil tycoon, one of the richest men in the world, oil cartel instigator, very early sponsor of Hitler | |
| Hiram Johnson | 2 September 1866 | California Sacramento | 6 August 1945 | Politician | A leading US "isolationist" politician. |
| H. G. Wells | 21 September 1866 | Kent Bromley UK | 13 August 1946 | Author | English science fiction writer and futurist |
| Ramsay MacDonald | 12 October 1866 | Scotland Lossiemouth Morayshire UK | 9 November 1937 | Journalist Politician |
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References
- ↑ "Civil Rights Act of 1866", in Encyclopedia of African American History, Volume 1, Leslie Alexander, ed. (ABC-CLIO, 2010) p699.
