Netherlands/Air Force
 Netherlands/Air Force  (Air force, Dutch/Military)    | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Headquarters | Breda, the Netherlands |
| Type | • Air force |
| Staff | 7,000 |
| Other name | KLu |
The Royal Netherlands Air Force (Koninklijke Luchtmacht or KLu) is the air force of the Netherlands. It was founded in 1913 as the very small "aviation department". It was founded in its current form in 1953. They call themselves a "modern, high-tech armed forces service that contributes to peace and security on a global basis". Over 50% of aircraft are fighter-jets.[1]
Contents
Activities
The Dutch Air Force are a fanatic part of NATO and US-led coalitions, having contributed in many wars, including the attacks on Libya, the war in Iraq, the war against IS in Iraq and Syria in the war on terror and the Afghan war. According to multiple former Dutch generals and the Hague Centre of Strategic Studies, the air force is known for their "high accuracy, precision bombing causing almost no collateral damage, that Americans lack". The Dutch were the most active air force with recorded strikes (over 2100) only behind the US, UK and France[2] in Operation Inherent Resolve, better known as the war against IS in Syria and Iraq.[3][4]
Bombing of Yugoslavia
During the NATO-allied bombing of Yugoslavia in 1999, The Dutch Air Force dropped multiple cluster bombs on the city of Niš on the 7th of May, and "accidentally" killed at least 14 people, injuring 30 others.[5] According to Human Rights Watch the General Dynamics F-16 fighter jets aimed for the airport but missed the target - by 2 miles - hitting the city centre[6] including a market and medical centre.[7][8][9] Four days later, a second bombing occurred - 4,3 miles from the airport, injuring 11 people.[10] When international correspondents visited the city, several cluster bombs were still laying in people's gardens, as injured citizens remarked the city was struck 3 times on that day, and for the 14th time in 35 days, according to Amnesty International. Following these incidents the Dutch became the first NATO country to not utilize cluster bombs and the US released an executive prohibition on the further use.[11]
After reports Dutch F-16s were also responsible for the failed bombing of the RTS TV-station on April 23 1999, The Dutch Union of Lawyers for Peace, several Dutch activists, the legal defence of Slobodan Milošević and a Dutch-Serbian Human rights group sued the goverment of Wim Kok and Foreign Affairs minister Jozias van Aarsen for the attacks in 2001.[12][13] The Dutch Court of Appeal in Amsterdam concluded the Dutch government (and by implication NATO) should've not used "United Nations Security Council Resolution 474 to justify the use of military force against Yugoslavia" and decided the government had violated international law by using force. After multiple district courts had refused to subpoena government officials for financial compensation, the Dutch Public Prosecution Service in The Hague ordered an investigation and send subpoenas for Prime-Minister Wim Kok and Foreign Minister Jozias van Aartsen for joint liability in 2004. Among others Defence Minister Frank de Grave appeared pleading not guilty and no harmful intent.
Van Aartsen defended the bombings by explaining the citizens could've known they were living next to NATO-targets, blaming "the wind" for the deaths. Wim Kok revealed the bombings were indeed the reasons for immediately halting the use of cluster bombs and urged other NATO-members to follow, but said "you can't conclude we condemned the bombings because of that". It was the first time a western head of state was publicly questionned in court for the bombings in Yugoslavia. [14]
Bombing of Hawija
After a Dutch FOIA was granted to Dutch newspaper NRC regarding the 2015 Hawija bombing, it was revealed the Dutch Air force was responsible for the most civilian casualties over 2015 from airstrikes in Operation Inherent Resolve, better known as the war on terror against IS in Iraq and Syria, citing to a declassified military study commissioned by the joint chief of staff general Joseph Dunford in 2015.[15][16]
The Dutch Department of Defence acknowledged "the high probability" of at least 74 civilian casualties in November 2019 in at least two separate incidents[17], the events noted a blind rely and put the blame on US intel with in one instance Dutch officers ordering an attack on the "headquarters of IS" in Mosul, which turned out to be a family home, and another air strike where the air force just simply "attacked an empty building".[18]
An event carried out
| Event | Location | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 2015 Hawija bombing | Hawija Kirkuk province Iraq | A bombing of an IED plant that was ordered under suspicious circumstances went awry. Dutch Cabinet denied involvement, then denied any knowledge of the casualties until Dutch FOIA requests showed otherwise. |
Related Quotations
| Page | Quote | Author | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jan Peter Balkenende | “I don't get why you are so annoying and negative about this. Let's be happy together! Let's say: The Dutch are finally able to do this again, that VOC-mentality, looking beyond borders, dynamic! Right?!” | Jan Peter Balkenende | |
| Stef Blok | “All parties involved in the conflict are committing crimes. The Netherlands knows that the opposition is committing war crimes. We already wrote that starting in 2013. In fact Karel van Oostrom knew precisely what was written in the reports. He even knew all the details. The Dutch have enough people and info from intelligence agencies. And especially the Dutch and all the other EU countries, because they share all that info. They knew exactly what was happening. (...) Throughout investigation is needed. Not only the Dutch but other nation states supported the Syrian war. Therefore they could be complicit in committing war crimes.” | Stef Blok Carla Del Ponte | 9 December 2018 |
| Sigrid Kaag | “All parties involved in the conflict are committing crimes. The Netherlands knows that the opposition is committing war crimes. We already wrote that starting in 2013. In fact Karel van Oostrom knew precisely what was written in the reports. He even knew all the details. The Dutch have enough people and info from intelligence agencies. And especially the Dutch and all the other EU countries, because they share all that info. They knew exactly what was happening. (...) Throughout investigation is needed. Not only the Dutch but other nation states supported the Syrian war. Therefore they could be complicit in committing war crimes.” | Sigrid Kaag Carla Del Ponte | 9 December 2018 |
| Joris Voorhoeve | “The British commander took a vacation. Later I asked that general why actually. It was decided, he said. It was clear that Ratko Mladic had the impression that the UN posed no threat to him.” | Joris Voorhoeve | 20 January 2021 |
Employees on Wikispooks
| Employee | Job | Appointed | End | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| André Steur | Director of Operations | 2016 | 2019 | |
| André Steur | Solider | 2003 | 2015 | F-16 Weapons Officer, Flight Commander 312 Fighter Squadron, F-16 Pilot 312 Fighter Squadron |
| André Steur | Wing Commander, First Fighter Wing, Volkel AFB | 2014 | 2016 | |
| André Steur | Director of Plans | 2013 | 2014 |
References
- ↑ https://nos.nl/artikel/2163157-wat-stelt-onze-krijgsmacht-nog-voor.html
- ↑ https://www.ad.nl/buitenland/nederlandse-f-16-s-werpen-ruim-duizend-bommen-in-irak~a624aa1e/
- ↑ https://decorrespondent.nl/10961/wil-je-weten-wat-de-impact-van-nederlandse-bommen-op-syrie-is-vraag-het-de-vluchtelingen-hier/786605204-5a0ee202
- ↑ https://airwars.org/conflict/coalition-in-iraq-and-syria/
- ↑ https://www.theguardian.com/world/1999/may/08/balkans
- ↑ https://twitter.com/friendsofserbs/status/1239528411363672064?lang=bg
- ↑ https://www.hrw.org/reports/2000/nato/Natbm200-01.htm
- ↑ http://www.novosti.rs/vesti/naslovna/reportaze/aktuelno.293.html:546968-Suze-za-16-zrtava-kasetnih-bombi
- ↑ https://www.hrw.org/reports/2000/nato/Natbm200-01.htm
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1_cluster_bombing
- ↑ https://amnesty.no/natofederal-republic-yugoslaviacollateral-damage-or-unlawful-killings
- ↑ https://www.volkskrant.nl/nieuws-achtergrond/kok-medeplichtig-aan-navo-bombardement~bc48a8cf/
- ↑ http://www.slobodan-milosevic.org/news/smorg-pr010204.htm
- ↑ https://www.volkskrant.nl/nieuws-achtergrond/regering-stond-achter-clusterbom~b9777bd8/
- ↑ https://www.washingtonpost.com/u.s.-military's-2018-study-on-civilian-casualties/e39c5889-6489-4373-bd8e-ac2ca012e03d_note.html
- ↑ https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/2019/12/19/kolonels-vs-spreken-rutte-tegen-over-70-doden-hawija-a3984440
- ↑ https://english.defensie.nl/organisation/air-force/news/2019/11/13/a-look-at-the-defence-news-4-%E2%80%93-10-november
- ↑ https://www.parool.nl/nederland/defensie-bevestigt-doden-in-irak-door-aanval-nederlandse-f-16~b56430ab/
