Difference between revisions of "1861"

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== Events ==
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* [[February 8]] – [[American Civil War]]: The [[Confederate States of America]] are formed, comprising the first seven break-away States.
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* [[February 23]] – President-elect [[Abraham Lincoln]] arrives secretly in Washington, D.C. after an [[Baltimore Plot|assassination attempt]] in [[Baltimore]].
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* [[February 24]] &ndash; [[Battle of Ky Hoa]]: the French and the Spanish defeat the Vietnamese.<ref>[http://www.historynet.com/1861-french-conquest-of-saigon-battle-of-the-ky-hoa-forts.htm Weider History Group: 1861 French Conquest of Saigon: Battle of the Ky Hoa Forts]. Accessed 11 March 2013</ref>
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* [[March 3]] ([[February 19]] O.S.) &ndash; [[Emancipation reform of 1861]]: [[Serfdom]] is abolished in the [[Russian Empire]].
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* [[March 17]] &ndash; Italian unification: The [[Kingdom of Italy]] is proclaimed by the new Parliament, with [[Victor Emmanuel II of Italy|Victor Emmanuel II]] of [[Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia|Piedmont-Sardinia]] becoming its [[Monarch|king]].
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* [[April 7]] &ndash; A population census is taken in the United Kingdom.
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* [[April 12]] &ndash; The [[American Civil War]] begins with the bombardment of [[Fort Sumter]], [[South Carolina]].
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* [[April 13]] &ndash; [[American Civil War]]: [[Fort Sumter]] surrenders to Southern forces.
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* [[April 27]] - President [[Abraham Lincoln]] suspends the [[writ of habeas corpus]] in the United States.
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* [[May 13]] - [[American Civil War]]: [[Queen Victoria]] of the United Kingdom issues a "proclamation of [[neutral country|neutrality]]", which recognizes the [[Confederate States of America|breakaway states]] as having belligerent rights.
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* [[June 15]] &ndash; [[Benito Juárez]] is formally elected President of Mexico; he temporarily stops the payments of [[foreign debt]].
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* [[June 25]] &ndash; [[Abdülmecid I]], [[Ottoman dynasty|Sultan]] of the [[Ottoman Empire]] ([[1839]]–1861) dies and is succeeded by [[Abdülaziz]] (1861–[[1876]]).
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* [[July 1]]
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** The first issue of the [[Vatican City|Vatican]]'s newspaper ''[[L'Osservatore Romano]]'' is published.
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** [[Taiping Rebellion]] &ndash; [[Battle of Shanghai (1861)|Battle of Shanghai]]: French and [[Qing dynasty|Imperial Chinese]] troops defeat Taiping forces.
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* [[July 12]] &ndash; The Confederate States sign a [[Treaty with Choctaws and Chickasaws]] in [[Indian Territory in the American Civil War|Indian Territory]].
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* [[July 21]] &ndash; [[American Civil War]]: [[First Battle of Bull Run]]: At [[Manassas Junction, Virginia]], the first major battle of the war ends in a [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] victory.
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* [[July 25]] &ndash; [[American Civil War]]: The [[Crittenden–Johnson Resolution]] is passed by the [[United States Congress|U.S. Congress]], stating that the war is being fought to preserve the Union, and not to end [[slavery in the United States|slavery]].
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* [[August 1]] &ndash; [[The first public weather forecast]]: measured and predicted correctly by [[Admiral Robert FitzRoy.]]
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* [[August 5]] - [[American Civil War]]:  In order to help pay for the war effort, the United States government issues the first [[income tax]] as part of the [[Revenue Act of 1861]] (3% of all incomes over US$800; rescinded in [[1872]]).
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* [[October 24]] &ndash; {{HMS|Warrior|1860|6}}, the world's first ocean-going (all) iron-hulled armored battleship, is completed and commissioned into the British [[Royal Navy]].
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* [[October 31]] - The Spanish, French and British governments sign a tripartite agreement to intervene in Mexico, in the hope of recovering unpaid debts.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20131023110311/http://history.state.gov/milestones/1861-1865/FrenchIntervention </ref>
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* [[November 6]] &ndash; [[American Civil War]]: [[Jefferson Davis]] is elected president of the [[Confederate States of America]].
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* [[November 5]] &ndash; The first [[Melbourne Cup]] horse race is held in [[Melbourne]], Australia.
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* [[November 8]] &ndash; [[American Civil War]] &ndash; [[Trent Affair|''Trent'' Affair]]: The {{USS|San Jacinto|1850|6}} stops the United Kingdom mail ship ''Trent'', and arrests two [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] envoys, [[James Murray Mason|James Mason]] and [[John Slidell]], sparking a diplomatic crisis between the U.K. and U.S.
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=== Date unknown ===
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* The [[British Empire]] establishes bases in [[Lagos]] to stop the slave trade.
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* The [[Perpetual Truce of Peace and Friendship]] is signed [[Bahrain–United Kingdom relations|between Bahrain and the United Kingdom]].
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==References==
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{{Reflist}}

Latest revision as of 10:17, 3 March 2021

1851 < 1852 < 1853 < 1854 < 1855 < 1856 < 1857 <1858 < 1859 < 1860 < 1861 > 1862 > 1863 > 1864 > 1865 > 1866 > 1867 > 1868 > 1869 > 1870 > 1871

Decade.png 1860s: )    Year.png 1861 Rdf-entity.pngRdf-icon.png
Bombardment of Fort Sumter, 1861.png
The Bombardment of Fort Sumter, starting the hostilities in the southern states' bid for secession.
year 1861

Events

Date unknown



 

Events

EventStartEndDescription
Pax Brittanica18151915
Victorian era18401901
American Civil War18611865The Start of US World dominations, the Civil war saw capitalists fight capitalists in a war over tax, slavery and the question how big and kind of an imperial force the US should become on the North American continent.

 

New Groups

GroupImageTypeDescription
Chapman UniversityChapman University logo.gifResearch
Military ranks
Private research university in California which conducts a yearly survey of what the US public fears.
Canada/Liberal PartyLiberal Party of Canada Logo 2014.png
Vassar CollegeVassar College Seal.svgPrivate liberal arts collegeExclusive and rich New York college, traditionally for women, now co-educational.
University of WashingtonUniversity of Washington state.pngPublic
Flagship
Research university
University in Seattle, Washington state

 

Births

TitleBornPlace of birthDiedSummaryDescription
Joseph Mansfield9 February 186112 July 1947PoliticianTexas Congressman from 1917 to 1947.
Halford Mackinder15 February 1861United Kingdom
Gainsborough
Lincolnshire
6 March 1947Academic
Rudolf Steiner27 February 1861Hungary
Austrian Empire
Murakirály
30 March 1925Architect
Esotericist
Social reformer
Basil Thomson21 April 186126 March 1939Spook
Police officer
Deep state operative
George Norris11 July 1861Ohio
York Township
Sandusky County
2 September 1944Politician
Lawyer
Arsène Pujo16 December 186131 December 1939Activist
Politician
Campaigning member of the US House of Representatives.
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References