Guyana

Guyana
Location	South America
Leader	Guyana/President
Type	nation state
Member of	Commonwealth of Nations, International Criminal Court, Organisation of American States, UN
Subpage	•Guyana/COVID-19 Vaccines Task Force •Guyana/President
The only UK colony on the mainland on South America.

Guyana is a country on the northern mainland of South America and the capital city is Georgetown. Guyana is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the north, Brazil to the south and southwest, Venezuela to the west, and Suriname to the east.

COVID-19

Full article: Guyana/COVID-19 Vaccines Task Force

Population

Guyana's population density in 2005 (people per km2)

The chief majority (about 90%) of Guyana's 744,000 population lives along a narrow coastal strip which ranges from a width of 16 to 64 kilometres (10 to 40 mi) inland and which makes up approximately only 10% of the nation's total land area.

The population of Guyana is racially and ethnically heterogeneous, with ethnic groups originating from India, Africa, Europe, and China, as well as indigenous or aboriginal peoples. Despite their diverse ethnic backgrounds, these groups share two common languages: English and Creole.

The largest ethnic group is the Indo-Guyanese (also known as East Indians), the descendants of indentured laborers from India, who make up 43.5% of the population, according to the 2002 census. They are followed by the Afro-Guyanese, the descendants of slaves from Africa, who constitute 30.2%. The Guyanese of mixed heritage make up 16.7%, while the indigenous peoples (known locally as Amerindians) make up 9.1%. The two largest groups, the Indo-Guyanese and Afro-Guyanese, have experienced some racial tension.

Regime Change

Full article: Cheddi Jagan

From 1953-64, the UK and the US went to great lengths to prevent a democratically elected leader of British Guiana/Guyana from governing. Cheddi Jagan had tried to remain neutral and independent and was elected three times. Using a variety of tactics including general strikes and disinformation to "terrorism" and British legalisms, the U.S. and Britain finally forced Jagan out in 1964. John F. Kennedy had given a direct order for his ouster, as, presumably, had Eisenhower.

One of the better-off countries in the region under Jagan, Guyana, by the 1980s, was one of the poorest. Its principal export became people.

Forbes Burnham

After their preferred leader, Afro-Guyanese Forbes Burnham, received power in 1964, conditions in the colony began to stabilize after the regime change effort. The new coalition administration broke diplomatic ties with Cuba and implemented policies that favored the local elite and foreign industry.

On February 23, 1970, Guyana, still under Burnham, swung leftward and declared itself a "cooperative republic" and cut all ties to the British monarchy. The governor general was replaced as head of state by a ceremonial president. Relations with Cuba were improved, and Guyana became a force in the Nonaligned Movement. In August 1972, Burnham hosted the Conference of Foreign Ministers of Nonaligned Countries in Georgetown, where he spoke on imperialism and the need to support African liberation movements in southern Africa. Burnham also let Cuban troops use Guyana as a transit point on their way to the war in Angola in the mid-1970s.

In the early 1970s, electoral fraud became blatant in Guyana. PNC victories always included overseas voters, who consistently and overwhelmingly voted for the ruling party. The police and military intimidated the Indo-Guyanese. The army was accused of tampering with ballot boxes.

Jonestown

Full article: Jonestown

Burnham's control over Guyana began to weaken when the 1978 Jonestown massacre brought unwanted international attention. In the 1970s, Jim Jones, leader of the People's Temple of Christ, moved more than 1,000 of his followers from San Francisco to form Jonestown, a utopian agricultural community near Port Kaituma in western Guyana. The People's Temple of Christ was regarded by members of the Guyanese government as a model agricultural community that shared its vision of settling the hinterland and its view of cooperative socialism. The People's Temple of Christ and Jim Jones have still unclear ties to the CIA.

Border dispute

Full article: Guayana Esequiba

Guyana and Venezuela have a long history of debate surrounding their border, an issue that became of geopolitical importance after suspected large oil deposits were discovered.

 

Event

Event	Description
Jonestown	The People's Temple cult, in Jonestown, lead by Jim Jones. In 1978 hundreds of members were poisoned by drinking a cyanide laced drink.

 

Job here

Event	Job	Appointed	End
Richard Welch	Guyana Chief of Station	1967	1969

 

A citizen of Guyana on Wikispooks

Title	Description
Gerald A. Perreira	Guyanese political activist, educator, writer and commentator, and a committed Pan-Africanist.

 

Related Documents

Title	Type	Publication date	Author(s)	Description
Document:British Intervention in British Guiana 1953	book extract	12 February 2007	Mark Curtis
Document:What’s Not Being Said About the Venezuela Oil War	Article	17 February 2019	William Engdahl	The Venezuela Oil War Is Really About Huge Oil Reserves in the District of Guayana Esequiba

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