1853
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![]() Battle of Sinop, the last major naval battle involving sailing warships. | |
year 1853 |
Contents
Events
January–March
- January 6 – Florida Governor Thomas Brown signs legislation that provides public support for the new East Florida Seminary, leading to the establishment of the University of Florida.
- January 8 – Taiping Rebellion: Zeng Guofan is ordered to assist the governor of Hunan, in organising a militia force to search for local bandits.
- January 12 – Taiping Rebellion: The Taiping army occupies Wuchang.
- January 19 – Giuseppe Verdi's opera Il Trovatore premieres, in performance at Teatro Apollo in Rome.
- February 10 – Taiping Rebellion: Taiping forces assemble at Hanyang, Hankou and Wuchang, for the march on Nanjing.
- February 12 – Puerto Montt is founded in the Reloncaví Sound, Chile.
- February 22 – Washington University in St. Louis is founded as Eliot Seminary.
- March – The clothing company Levi Strauss & Co. is founded in the United States.
- March 4 – Inauguration of Franklin Pierce as 14th President of the United States (his only child was killed in a train accident on January 6).
- March 5 – Saint Paul Fire and Marine, as predecessor of The Travelers Companies, a worldwide insurance service, founded in Minnesota, United States.
- March 20 – Taiping Rebellion: A rebel army of around 750,000 seizes Nanjing, killing 30,000 Imperial troops.
- March 29 – Manchester is granted city status in the United Kingdom
April–June
- April 16 – Indian Railways: The first passenger railway in India opens from Bombay to Thana, Maharashtra, 22 miles (35 km).
- May
- The world's first public aquarium opens, at the London Zoo.
- An outbreak of yellow fever kills 7,790 in New Orleans.
- Isambard Kingdom Brunel accepts John Scott Russell's tender for construction of the Template:SS passenger steamer.
- May 12–October 31 – The Great Industrial Exhibition is held in Dublin, Ireland.
- May 23 – The first plat for Seattle, Washington is laid out.
- June 27 – Taiping Rebellion: The Northern Expeditionary Force crosses the Yellow River.
- June 30 – Georges-Eugène Haussmann is selected as préfect of the Seine (department), to begin the re-planning of Paris.
July–September
- July 1 - The Swiss watch company Tissot is founded[1].
- July 8 – U.S. Commodore Matthew C. Perry arrives in Edo Bay, Japan, with a request for a trade treaty.
- July 25 – Outlaw and bandit Joaquin Murrieta is killed in California.
- July 27 – Iesada succeeds his father Ieyoshi, as Japanese shōgun. The Late Tokugawa shogunate (the last part of the Edo period in Japan) begins.
- August 12 – New Zealand acquires self-government.
- August 23 – The first true International Meteorological Organization is established in Brussels, Belgium.
- August 24
- The Royal Norwegian Navy Museum is founded at Karljohansvern in Horten, perhaps the world's first naval museum.
- Potato chips are first prepared, by George Crum at Saratoga Springs, New York, according to popular accounts.
- September 19 – Hudson Taylor first leaves for China.
- September 20 – Otis Elevator, as predecessor of Otis Worldwide was founded in United States.[2]
October–December
- October 1 – C. Bechstein's piano factory is founded, one of three established in a "Golden year" in the history of the piano (Julius Blüthner and Steinway & Sons being the others).
- October 4–5 – Crimean War: The Ottoman Empire begins war with Russia.
- October 4 – On the east coast of the United States, Donald McKay launches the Great Republic, the world's biggest sailing ship, which at 4,500 tons is too large to be successful.
- October 28 – Crimean War: The Ottoman army crosses the Danube into Vidin/Calafat, Wallachia.
- October 30 – Taiping Rebellion: The Taiping Northern Expeditionary Force comes within 3 miles (4.8 km) of Tianjin.
- November 3 – Troops of William Walker capture La Paz in Baja California Territory, and declare the (short-lived) Republic of Lower California.
- November 4 – Crimean War: Battle of Oltenitza – Turkish forces defeat the Russians.
- November 15 – Maria II of Portugal is succeeded by her son Pedro V.
- November 30 (November 18 O.S.) – Crimean War: Battle of Sinop – The Russian fleet destroys the Turkish fleet.
- December 6 – Taiping Rebellion: French minister de Bourboulon arrives at the Heavenly Capital, aboard the Cassini.
- December 14 – Compagnie Générale des Eaux, predecessor of Vivendi, a global media conglomerate, is founded in Paris, France.
- December 30 – Gadsden Purchase: The United States buys approximately 77,000 square kilometres (30,000 sq mi) of land from Mexico, to facilitate railroad building in the Southwest.
Date unknown
- The Independent Santa Cruz Maya of Eastern Yucatán is recognized as an independent nation, by the British Empire.
- Arthur de Gobineau begins publication of his An Essay on the Inequality of the Human Races (Essai sur l'inégalité des races humaines).
- Charles Pravaz and Alexander Wood independently invent a practical hypodermic syringe.
- Wheaton Academy is founded in West Chicago, Illinois.
- The Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China is incorporated in London by Scotsman James Wilson, under a Royal Charter from Queen Victoria.[3][4]
- Ishikawajima Shipyard, as predecessor of IHI Corporation, a shipyard and transport-related machinery manufacturer in Japan, is founded.[citation needed][5]
- Melbourne Cricket Ground, now the largest sports stadium in the Southern Hemisphere, officially opens.
- 1853–1873 – More than 130,000 Chinese laborers come to Cuba.
Events
Event | Start | End | Description |
---|---|---|---|
Pax Brittanica | 1815 | 1915 | |
Victorian era | 1840 | 1901 | |
Crimean War | October 1853 | February 1856 |
New Groups
Group | Image | Type | Description |
---|---|---|---|
University of Florida | ![]() | State university Space-grant university Sea-grant university Land-grant university Flagship university | The third largest Florida university by student population |
St. Francis Xavier University | ![]() | Liberal arts Undergraduate A public | Public undergraduate liberal arts university in Nova Scotia, Canada. |
Cheltenham Ladies' College | ![]() | Prestigious English girls school. | |
University of Melbourne | ![]() | Public | A large number of Australian leaders have studied here |
Franklin and Marshall College | ![]() | Military ranks Liberal arts | Liberal arts college in Lancaster, Pennsylvania |
Garrett Evangelical Theological Seminary | ![]() | Military ranks | Methodist seminary |
Washington University in St. Louis | ![]() | Research Military ranks | |
Victoria/Police | ![]() |
Births
Title | Born | Place of birth | Died | Summary | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Charles Gore | 22 January 1853 | London United Kingdom Wimbledon | 17 January 1932 | Clergy | Bishop of Oxford, a friend of Herbert Asquith |
Alfred Beit | 15 February 1853 | Germany Hamburg | 16 July 1906 | Businessperson | |
Henry Birchenough | 7 March 1853 | 12 May 1937 | Deep state operative Businessperson | UK deep state operative | |
Philander Knox | 6 May 1853 | 12 October 1921 | Politician Lawyer | A corporate lawyer for the cartel United States Steel Corporation, Knox later was put in the cabinets three different presidents | |
Knut Agathon Wallenberg | 19 May 1853 | 1 June 1938 | Politician Banker Businessperson | ||
Cecil Rhodes | 5 July 1853 | United Kingdom Hertfordshire Bishop's Stortford | 26 March 1902 | Deep politician Businessperson | Very wealthy and influential UK deep politician |
Frederick Taylor Gates | 22 July 1853 | New York State | 6 February 1929 | Clergy Advisor Deep state operative | The principal business and philanthropic advisor to the major oil industrialist John D. Rockefeller, Sr. |
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