Mari Elka Pangestu
 Mari Elka Pangestu    (civil servant, deep state functionary?) | ||||||||||
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| Born | born 23 October 1956 | |||||||||
| Nationality | Indonesian | |||||||||
| Ethnicity | Chinese | |||||||||
| Alma mater | Australian National University, University of California (Davis) | |||||||||
| Parents | J. Panglaykim | |||||||||
| Member of | WEF/Global Leaders for Tomorrow/1999 | |||||||||
Selected WEF/Global Leaders for Tomorrow/1999 when she was an Indonesian minister. From 2020 World Bank Managing Director of Development Policy and Partnerships
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Mari Elka Pangestu is an Indonesian economist who has been managing director of Development Policy and Partnerships in the World Bank since 2020.[1] The President of the World Bank, David Malpass, announced her appointment on 9 January 2020 saying that she would be responsible for development policy and partnerships in her role in the bank.[2] Previously she served as Minister of Trade in Indonesia from October 2004 to October 2011.
Pangestu has had extensive policy-making experience in Indonesia.[3] Following her period as Minister for Trade, in a cabinet reshuffle in October 2011 she was appointed to the newly created position of minister of Tourism and Creative Economy, a post she held until the term of the administration of president Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono finished on 20 October 2014.[4]
She was selected a Global Leader for Tomrrow by the World Economic Forum in 1999.
Contents
Early life and education
Born in Jakarta, Pangestu obtained her bachelor's and master's degrees from the Australian National University, and her Doctorate in economics from the University of California at Davis, United States, in 1986.
Career in academia
Earlier in her career, Pangestu worked at the Centre for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) in Jakarta and was active over a long period in various trade forums such as PECC. She was also an instructor in the Faculty of Economics & Business in the University of Indonesia. She is widely published in the Indonesian and international media. She serves on the Board of External Editors of the Asian Journal of Business (University of Michigan) and Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies (produced by the Indonesia Project at the Australian National University). She was also co-coordinator of the Task Force on Poverty and Development for the United Nations Millennium Project.
After finishing her term as a minister Pangestu resumed regular activities in the Centre for Strategic and International Studies in Jakarta as well as serving as a professor in international economics in the Economics Faculty at the University of Indonesia.
Political career
Pangestu is the first female Indonesian with Chinese descent to hold a cabinet position in Indonesia. After her appointment to the new cabinet position of Tourism and Creative Economy she spent time explaining the approach of the government towards fostering creative sectors of the economy in a number of statements.[5]
Tourism In late 2012 Pangestu expressed the hope that up to 10 million foreign tourists would visit Indonesia in 2014. She noted that there had been a falling away of tourists visiting Indonesia from Europe following the economic problems in 2011 and 2012 in the eurozone. However, she said that the government hoped that foreign tourist arrivals from countries in the Asia-Pacific region would hopefully offset the fall in tourists from Europe. She particularly pointed to the importance of the Chinese market where, she said, outbound tourists had climbed to 70 million in 2011.[6]
Creative economy
After being given responsibility for creative economy matters in 2011, Pangestu was energetic in promoting a wide range of activities in the sector. She urged regional governments to promote local creative activities and spoke of the importance of strengthening intellectual property rights. In November 2012, with the support of the Panglaykim Foundation, she supported the visit of creative economy author John Howkins to Jakarta to discuss policies to promote creative economy activities.[7]
Although she was known in the WTO and in international forums such as the G20, Pangestu often clashed with cabinet colleagues who wanted to protect domestic interests.[8] She was also criticised by domestic industry groups for supporting trade-promotion measures rather than looking to increase protection for domestic producers.[9] Her response to these criticisms was to note that Indonesia needed to adhere to international commitments to promote trade-oriented policies and that freer trade brought many benefits to domestic consumers and producers in Indonesia.[10]
Later career
In late December 2012 the Indonesian Government nominated Pangestu as a candidate for the position of Director-General of the World Trade Organization (WTO) to succeed the incumbent Director-General, Pascal Lamy, whose term ended in 2013.[11] The General Council of the WTO considered nominations from various countries in early 2013.[12] The selection process went through various rounds and in late April 2013 eliminated all three candidates from the Asia-Pacific region; the role eventually went to Roberto Azevêdo.[13]
Recognition
In December 2013, in recognition of her achievements as an economist and policy maker in Asia, Pangestu was awarded an honorary doctorate by the Australian National University (ANU).[14] While visiting Canberra to receive the degree she recalled her years as a student in Australia when her father was academic staff member at the ANU.[15]
Events Participated in
| Event | Start | End | Location(s) | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WEF/Annual Meeting/2011 | 26 January 2011 | 30 January 2011 | World Economic Forum Switzerland | 2229 guests in Davos, with the theme: "Shared Norms for the New Reality". |
| WEF/Annual Meeting/2013 | 23 January 2013 | 27 January 2013 | World Economic Forum Switzerland | 2500 mostly unelected leaders met to discuss "leading through adversity" |
| WEF/Annual Meeting/2014 | 22 January 2014 | 25 January 2014 | World Economic Forum Switzerland | 2604 guests in Davos considered "Reshaping The World" |
| WEF/Annual Meeting/2017 | 17 January 2017 | 20 January 2017 | World Economic Forum Switzerland | 2950 known participants, including prominently Bill Gates. "Offers a platform for the most effective and engaged leaders to achieve common goals for greater societal leadership." |
| WEF/Annual Meeting/2019 | 22 January 2019 | 25 January 2019 | World Economic Forum Switzerland | "The reality is that we are in a Cold War [against China] that threatens to turn into a hot one." |
References
- ↑ Andrea Shalal (21 April 2020), World Bank tells G20: Pandemic threatens food security of poor nations Reuters.
- ↑ 'Mari Pangestu Appointed World Bank Managing Director of Development Policy and Partnerships', World Bank press release, 9 January 2010.
- ↑ WTO, Curriculum Vitae Mari Elka Pangestu, 2012.
- ↑ Risti Permani, 'Developing a creative economy', The Jakarta Post, 1 November 2011.
- ↑ 'New Ministry: Mari: Clear blueprint for creative economy', The Jakarta Post, 27 October 2011.
- ↑ Nurfika Osman, 'Foreign tourists could reach 10 million in 2014, Mari says', The Jakarta Post, 26 November 2012.
- ↑ 'Look Local for Growth in Creative Sector: Mari', The Jakarta Globe, 24 November 2012.
- ↑ Tom Miles (19 December 2012), Indonesian technocrat Pangestu enters race to lead WTO Reuters.
- ↑ Linda Yulisman, 'Businesses greet Mari's ouster, Dahlan's new role', The Jakarta Post, 18 October 2011.
- ↑ Rangga D. Fadillah, 'RI vows to remove barriers on creation of common market', The Jakarta Post, 12 January 2011.
- ↑ Tom Miles (19 December 2012), Indonesian technocrat Pangestu enters race to lead WTO Reuters.
- ↑ 'Mari Pangestu nominated to replace Lamy as WTO chief', The Jakarta Post, 21 December 2012.
- ↑ Linda Yulisman, 'Indonesia loses out on filling top job', The Jakarta Post, 27 April 2013.
- ↑ ANU Indonesia Project Activities, Honorary Degree from ANU for HE Dr Mari Pangestu, 20 December 2013.
- ↑ Larissa Nicholson, 'Indonesian Tourism Minister says cordial times can return for Australia-Indonesia' Archived 16 March 2014 at the Wayback Machine., The Canberra Times, 18 December 2013.
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