Difference between revisions of "Herschel Johnson"
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|wikipedia=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herschel_Johnson | |wikipedia=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herschel_Johnson | ||
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|death_date=April 16, 1966 | |death_date=April 16, 1966 | ||
|death_place=Charlotte, North Carolina, U.S. | |death_place=Charlotte, North Carolina, U.S. | ||
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| − | '''Herschel Vespasian Johnson''' was a [[United States of America|U.S.]] diplomat from [[North Carolina]].<ref>[https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/johnson-herschel-vespasian Herschel Vespasian Johnson (1894-1966)]. ''Office of the Historian, Bureau of Public Affairs, United States Department of State''. Retrieved July 13, 2013. | + | '''Herschel Vespasian Johnson''' was a [[United States of America|U.S.]] diplomat from [[North Carolina]].<ref>[https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/johnson-herschel-vespasian Herschel Vespasian Johnson (1894-1966)]. ''Office of the Historian, Bureau of Public Affairs, United States Department of State''. Retrieved July 13, 2013.</ref> He was a U.S. [[Foreign Service Officer]] from 1921 to 1953, and his career included posts in [[Europe]], [[Latin America]], and the [[United Nations]]. |
| − | He was [[US/Ambassador/Sweden|Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary]] to [[Sweden]] between 12 December 1941 and 28 April 1946 | + | He was [[US/Ambassador/Sweden|Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary]] to [[Sweden]] between 12 December 1941 and 28 April 1946, where he was in touch with {{comment|or recruited?}} [[Raoul Wallenberg]] Thereafter, he was acting US ambassador to the [[United Nations]] between 1946 and 1947, and ambassador to [[Brazil]]. |
| − | During his time | + | ==Background== |
| + | He was the great grandson of Governor [[Herschel Vespasian Johnson]].<ref name=ncpedia>https://www.ncpedia.org/biography/johnson-herschel</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Career== | ||
| + | During his time as Ambassador neutral [[Sweden]] during [[World War 2]], he was in touch with [[Raoul Wallenberg]]<ref>https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:394016/FULLTEXT01.pdf</ref>. One of his duties was to discourage, as far as possible, Swedish exportation of [[strategic industrial materials]] to [[Germany]]. During the war years the legation grew from 40 to about 300, all of whom had to be airlifted in and out. The burgeoning staff had work to do in the country that served as "listening post" and "hotbed for intrigues of all the belligerants."<ref name=ncpedia/> | ||
In April 1945 it was Johnson who handled the delicate communications in connection with [[Heinrich Himmler]]'s separate peace proposal, which had come via Count [[Folke Bernadotte]] of the [[Swedish Red Cross]]. | In April 1945 it was Johnson who handled the delicate communications in connection with [[Heinrich Himmler]]'s separate peace proposal, which had come via Count [[Folke Bernadotte]] of the [[Swedish Red Cross]]. | ||
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He was a vocal proponent of the 1947 [[Palestine (region)|Palestine]] [[Partition Plan]]. The outcome of the UN vote is attributed to his collaboration with [[Andrei A. Gromyko]], otherwise Johnson's political opponent. They both stood together on this issue and urged the [[United Nations General Assembly|General Assembly]] not to delay its decision but to vote for partition at once, opposing last-minute efforts of [[Arab]] [[delegation]]s to effect a compromise. | He was a vocal proponent of the 1947 [[Palestine (region)|Palestine]] [[Partition Plan]]. The outcome of the UN vote is attributed to his collaboration with [[Andrei A. Gromyko]], otherwise Johnson's political opponent. They both stood together on this issue and urged the [[United Nations General Assembly|General Assembly]] not to delay its decision but to vote for partition at once, opposing last-minute efforts of [[Arab]] [[delegation]]s to effect a compromise. | ||
| − | In [[1948]], he was appointed [[US/Ambassador/Brazil|Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary]] to [[Brazil]]. There he was in charge of negotiating US aid programs for Brazilian economic development and signed numerous bilateral agreements, including technical cooperation and a military assistance pact.<ref name=ncpedia/> The military assistance pact, which included provisions for cooperative economic defense and commercial controls, was not immediately embraced by all parties in Brazil.<ref name=ncpedia/> | + | In [[1948]], he was appointed [[US/Ambassador/Brazil|Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary]] to [[Brazil]]. There he was in charge of negotiating US aid programs for Brazilian economic development and signed numerous bilateral agreements, including technical cooperation and a [[military assistance]] pact.<ref name=ncpedia/> The military assistance pact, which included provisions for cooperative economic defense and commercial controls, was not immediately embraced by all parties in Brazil.<ref name=ncpedia/> |
He was a [[freemason]] and a member of [[the Metropolitan Club of Washington, D.C]].<ref name=ncpedia/> | He was a [[freemason]] and a member of [[the Metropolitan Club of Washington, D.C]].<ref name=ncpedia/> | ||
Latest revision as of 02:40, 3 December 2024
 Herschel Johnson    (diplomat) | |
|---|---|
.jpg) | |
| Born | May 3, 1894 Atlanta, Georgia, U.S. |
| Died | April 16, 1966 (Age 71) Charlotte, North Carolina, U.S. |
| Nationality | US |
| Alma mater | University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Harvard University |
| Party | Democratic Party (United States) |
Herschel Vespasian Johnson was a U.S. diplomat from North Carolina.[1] He was a U.S. Foreign Service Officer from 1921 to 1953, and his career included posts in Europe, Latin America, and the United Nations.
He was Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Sweden between 12 December 1941 and 28 April 1946, where he was in touch with [or recruited?] Raoul Wallenberg Thereafter, he was acting US ambassador to the United Nations between 1946 and 1947, and ambassador to Brazil.
Background
He was the great grandson of Governor Herschel Vespasian Johnson.[2]
Career
During his time as Ambassador neutral Sweden during World War 2, he was in touch with Raoul Wallenberg[3]. One of his duties was to discourage, as far as possible, Swedish exportation of strategic industrial materials to Germany. During the war years the legation grew from 40 to about 300, all of whom had to be airlifted in and out. The burgeoning staff had work to do in the country that served as "listening post" and "hotbed for intrigues of all the belligerants."[2]
In April 1945 it was Johnson who handled the delicate communications in connection with Heinrich Himmler's separate peace proposal, which had come via Count Folke Bernadotte of the Swedish Red Cross.
He was a vocal proponent of the 1947 Palestine Partition Plan. The outcome of the UN vote is attributed to his collaboration with Andrei A. Gromyko, otherwise Johnson's political opponent. They both stood together on this issue and urged the General Assembly not to delay its decision but to vote for partition at once, opposing last-minute efforts of Arab delegations to effect a compromise.
In 1948, he was appointed Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to Brazil. There he was in charge of negotiating US aid programs for Brazilian economic development and signed numerous bilateral agreements, including technical cooperation and a military assistance pact.[2] The military assistance pact, which included provisions for cooperative economic defense and commercial controls, was not immediately embraced by all parties in Brazil.[2]
He was a freemason and a member of the Metropolitan Club of Washington, D.C.[2]
References
- ↑ Herschel Vespasian Johnson (1894-1966). Office of the Historian, Bureau of Public Affairs, United States Department of State. Retrieved July 13, 2013.
- ↑ a b c d e https://www.ncpedia.org/biography/johnson-herschel
- ↑ https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:394016/FULLTEXT01.pdf
