Joseph Alsop
 Joseph Alsop     (Journalist) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | October 10, 1910 Avon, Connecticut |
| Died | August 28, 1989 (Age 78) |
| Nationality | US |
| Alma mater | Groton School, Harvard |
| Member of | Americans for Democratic Action, Century Group, The Georgetown Set |
| Interests | Project Mockingbird |
Influential journalist very close to the CIA | |
Joseph Wright Alsop V (October 10, 1910 – August 28, 1989) was an American journalist and syndicated newspaper columnist from the 1930s through the 1970s. He was an influential journalist and top insider in Washington from 1945 to the late 1960s, often in conjunction with his brother Stewart Alsop. Both of them were very close to the Central Intelligence Agency and its Project Mockingbird.
Contents
Early life
Alsop was born on October 10, 1910, in Avon, Connecticut, to Joseph Wright Alsop IV (1876–1953) and Corinne Douglas Robinson (1886–1971).[1] Through his mother, he was related to Presidents Theodore Roosevelt and James Monroe. Both of Alsop's parents were active in Republican politics. His father unsuccessfully sought the governorship of Connecticut several times, his mother founded the Connecticut League of Republican Women in 1917, and both served in the Connecticut General Assembly, as did his younger brother John deKoven Alsop.[2]
Alsop graduated from the Groton School, a private boarding school in Groton, Massachusetts, in 1928, and from Harvard University in 1932.[3] He wrote for The Harvard Crimson during his time at Harvard.[4]
Journalism career
After college, Alsop became a reporter, then an unusual career for someone with an Ivy League diploma. He began his career with the New York Herald Tribune and fast established a substantial reputation as a journalist, particularly by his comprehensive reportage of the Bruno Hauptmann trial in 1934.[3]
Because of his family ties to the Roosevelts, Alsop soon became well-connected in Franklin Roosevelt's Washington. By 1936, The Saturday Evening Post had awarded him a contract to write about politics with fellow journalist Turner Catledge. Two years later, the North American Newspaper Alliance (NANA) contracted Alsop and Robert E. Kintner to write a nationally syndicated column on a daily basis. His first book The 168 Days (1938), covering Roosevelt's unsuccessful campaign to enlarge the Supreme Court, became a bestseller.[2] In 1940 Alsop and Kintner moved from NANA to the New York Herald Tribune.
In 1941, after it had become clear that the United States would soon enter World War II, Alsop and Kintner suspended their column and volunteered for the armed forces. Alsop entered the US Navy and used his political connections to be assigned as Staff Historian to Claire Lee Chennault's American Volunteer Group, later famous as the Flying Tigers,[5] while the group was training at Toungoo, Burma. While on a supply mission for Chennault late in the fall of 1941, he found himself in Hong Kong on December 7. Unable to secure passage out of the city, Alsop was eventually taken into custody as an enemy alien and interned at Hong Kong by the Japanese. After six months he was repatriated through a prisoner exchange as a journalist, but he had really been a combatant, a fact he managed to conceal by changing into civilian clothes and with the help of friends. He traveled back to the United States on the neutral liner Gripsholm. He returned to China as a civilian Lend-lease administrator in the fall of 1942, assigned to the wartime capital, Chungking. He eventually rejoined Chennault in Kunming, China and served with him for the remaining months of the war.
Central Intelligence Agency
After the war, Alsop resumed his journalism career, now working with his brother Stewart to produce a thrice-weekly piece, called "Matter of Fact", for the Herald Tribune. The use of the word "fact" reflected Alsop's pride in producing a column based on reporting, rather than the opinion pieces of many other columnists. The Alsop brothers operated on a fundamental rule that every column must always include at least one new piece of information.[6] Stewart remained headquartered in Washington to cover domestic politics, and Joseph traveled the world, covering foreign affairs. In late 1955, their column reached a readership of 25 million in two hundred newspapers across the country.[7]
Alsop worked closely with the CIA. According to Carl Bernstein: "In 1953, Joseph Alsop, then one of America’s leading syndicated columnists, went to the Philippines to cover an election. He did not go because he was asked to do so by his syndicate. He did not go because he was asked to do so by the newspapers that printed his column. He went at the request of the CIA. Alsop is one of more than 400 American journalists who in the past twenty-five years have secretly carried out assignments for the Central Intelligence Agency, according to documents on file at CIA headquarters."[8]
Frances Stonor Saunders, the author of Who Paid the Piper: The CIA and the Cultural Cold War? (1999) has argued that a high-level CIA official told her that Stewart Alsop was a "CIA agent". Saunders discussed this issue with Joseph Alsop. He dismissed this claim as "absolute nonsense" but admitted that both men were very close to the agency: "I was closer to the Agency than Stew was, though Stew was very close... I dare say he did perform some tasks - he did the correct thing as an American... The Founding Fathers of the CIA were close personal friends of ours... It was a social thing. I have never received a dollar, I never signed a secrecy agreement. I didn't have to... I've done things for them when I thought they were the right thing to do. I call it doing my duty as a citizen... The CIA did not open itself at all to people it did not trust... Stew and I were trusted, and I'm proud of it."[8]
Personal life
In 1961, he married Susan Mary Jay Patten, daughter of diplomat Peter Augustus Jay, a descendant of John Jay, and the widow of William Patten,[9] an American diplomat who was one of Alsop's friends. By this marriage he had two stepchildren, William and Anne. The couple divorced in 1978.[2]
A noted art connoisseur and collector, Alsop delivered six lectures at the National Gallery of Art in Washington on The History of Art Collecting in the summer of 1978.[2]
Sexuality
Alsop kept his homosexuality a closely guarded secret all of his life.[10] Richard Helms called him "a scrupulously closeted homosexual."[11] Nevertheless, Senator Joseph McCarthy insinuated that Alsop was homosexual in the course of a dispute with The Saturday Evening Post about its coverage of his campaign to remove "perverts" from government employment. When McCarthy implied that Alsop was not "healthy and normal," a Post editor vouched for him: "I know Alsop well, and I know he is a man of high character, with great courage and integrity."[12]
Early in 1957, the KGB photographed him in a hotel room in Moscow while he was having sex with another man, an agent of the Soviet Union. He rebuffed Soviet attempts at blackmail, instead writing "a detailed account of the incident and a relevant narrative history of his sex life." It has been described as "brimming with revelations about Alsop's sex life on several continents," including a report that one of his lovers was Arthur H. Vandenberg Jr., who had resigned as Dwight Eisenhower's appointments secretary in 1953.[13] His accounts, delivered to a friend in the CIA, quickly reached the FBI, allowing J. Edgar Hoover to spread the information through the Eisenhower administration, many of whose members had fought sharp battles with Alsop.[14]
Hoover told President Lyndon B. Johnson about the Moscow incident in 1964,[15] and Johnson told Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara about Alsop's FBI file.[16] In 1965, Alsop complained to friends that Johnson was tapping his phone, a claim that infuriated Johnson, who believed that he had protected Alsop from McCarthy's attacks. Alsop told White House Press Secretary Bill Moyers that he believed the administration was tapping his phone and was spreading gossip about his personal life, all in an attempt to stop leaks. When Moyers reported the charges, Johnson ordered Attorney General Nicholas Katzenbach to be certain no such wiretap was in place and protested that he never ordered one: "I'm as innocent of it as I am of murdering your wife," he told Katzenbach.[17]
In the 1970s, the Soviets sent the aforementioned photos to several prominent American journalists without adverse consequences. Alsop considered making his homosexuality public to end the harassment but decided otherwise.[18]
References
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=Kq1qZKs3B78C
- ↑ a b c d https://www.nytimes.com/1989/08/29/obituaries/joseph-alsop-dies-at-home-at-78-political-columnist-since-the-30-s.html
- ↑ a b https://books.google.com/books?id=xtK0khSrSqUC
- ↑ https://archive.org/details/harvardtoz0000beth
- ↑ http://www.flyingtigersavg.22web.org/camco.htm
- ↑ Herken, Gregg (2014). The Georgetown Set: Friends and Rival in Cold War Washington. New York. p. 33.
- ↑ Herken, Gregg (2014). The Georgetown Set: Friends and Rivals in Cold War Washington. New York. p. 237.
- ↑ a b https://spartacus-educational.com/JFKalsop.htm
- ↑ https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1939/08/03/94706344.pdf
- ↑ https://archive.org/details/takingonworldjos0000merr_i5c0/page/360
- ↑ https://archive.org/details/lookovermyshould00helm/page/150
- ↑ Edwin R. Bayley (1981). Joe McCarthy and the Press. University of Wisconsin Press. p. 161ff. ISBN 978-0299086206.; Robert W. Merry (1996). Taking on the World: Joseph and Stewart Alsop, Guardians of the American Century. New York: Viking. pp. 216–217. Merry calls this defense of Alsop "tepid.
- ↑ Michael Beschloss (2001). Reaching for Glory: Lyndon Johnson's Secret White House Tapes, 1964–1965. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 254n
- ↑ Edwin M. Yoder, Jr. (1995). Joe Alsop's Cold War: A Study of Journalistic Influence and Intrigue. Chapel Hill, N.C.: University of North Carolina Press. pp. 153–156
- ↑ Beschloss, p. 145.
- ↑ Beschloss, p. 150.
- ↑ Beschloss, pp. 251–254, 260.
- ↑ Yoder, pp. 157–158.
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