Difference between revisions of "1905"
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| − | {{ | + | ==Russian revolution== |
| − | + | The [[Russian Revolution of 1905]] was a wave of mass political and social unrest that spread through the [[Russian Empire]]. | |
| + | |||
| + | == Events == | ||
| + | * [[January 1]] – The [[Trans-Siberian Railway]] officially opens, after its completion on [[July 21]], [[1904]]. | ||
| + | * [[March 3]] – Tsar [[Nicholas II of Russia]] agrees to create an elected assembly (the [[Duma]]). | ||
| + | * [[March 4]] – [[Second inauguration of Theodore Roosevelt]]: [[Theodore Roosevelt]] is sworn in for a full term as 26th President of the United States. | ||
| + | * [[March 13]] – [[Mata Hari]] introduces her exotic dance act in Paris. | ||
| + | * [[March 23]] – [[Theriso revolt]]: About 1,500 men, led by [[Eleftherios Venizelos]], meet at the village of [[Theriso]] in [[Crete]] to challenge the island's authoritarian government and press for its unification with [[Greece]]. | ||
| + | * [[March 31]] – [[Wilhelm II, German Emperor]] asserts German equality with France in [[Morocco]], triggering the Tangier or [[First Moroccan Crisis]]. | ||
| + | * [[April 30]] – [[Albert Einstein]] completes his doctoral [[dissertation]], ''A New Determination of Molecular Dimensions'' (submitted July 30 to the [[University of Zurich]]). | ||
| + | * [[June 7]] – The [[Norwegian Parliament]] declares [[dissolution of the union between Norway and Sweden]], giving Norway full independence. | ||
| + | * [[June 27]] – (June 14 O.S.): [[Russian battleship Potemkin#The mutiny|Mutiny]] breaks out on the Russian ironclad [[Russian battleship Potemkin|''Potemkin'']]. | ||
| + | * [[July 22]] – [[Taft–Katsura Secret Agreement]]: The United States and Japan meet to discuss their respective positions regarding Korea and the Philippines. | ||
| + | * [[Aug 20]] – [[Sun Yat-sen]], Chinese revolutionary, forms the first chapter of [[T'ung Meng Hui]], a union of all secret societies determined to bringing down the [[Manchu dynasty]]. | ||
| + | * [[September 1]] – The Canadian provinces of [[Alberta]] and [[Saskatchewan]] are established, from the southwestern part of the [[Northwest Territories]]. | ||
| + | * [[September 5]] – [[Russo-Japanese War]]: [[Treaty of Portsmouth]] – In [[New Hampshire]], a treaty mediated by U.S. President [[Theodore Roosevelt]] is signed by [[Empire of Japan|Japan]] and [[Russian Empire|Russia]]. Russia cedes the island of [[Sakhalin]] together with port and rail rights in [[Manchuria]] to Japan. | ||
| + | * [[October 16]] – The [[Partition of Bengal (1905)|Partition of Bengal]] is made by [[Lord Curzon]] to separate the region of Bengal into Muslim and Hindu territories until its reunification in [[1911]]. | ||
| + | * [[October 26]] – [[Sweden]] agrees to the repeal of the union with Norway. | ||
| + | * [[October 16]] – The [[Circum-Baikal Railway]] is brought into permanent operation, completing through rail communication on the [[Trans-Siberian Railway]]. | ||
| + | * [[October 30]]– (October 17 Old Style) – [[October Manifesto]]: Tsar [[Nicholas II of Russia]] is forced to announce the granting of his country's first constitution (the [[Russian Constitution of 1906]]), conceding a national assembly ([[State Duma (Russian Empire)|State Duma]]) with limited powers. | ||
| + | * [[November 12]] – [[Norway]] holds [[Norwegian monarchy plebiscite, 1905|a referendum]], resulting in popular approval of the [[Parliament of Norway|Storting's]] decision to authorise the government to make the offer of the throne of the newly independent country. | ||
| + | * [[November 17]] – The [[Japan–Korea Treaty of 1905]] ("Eulsa Treaty") effectively makes Korea a protectorate of Japan. | ||
| + | * [[November 18]] – Prince Carl of Denmark becomes King [[Haakon VII of Norway]]. | ||
| + | * [[November 28]] – Irish nationalist [[Arthur Griffith]] founds [[Sinn Féin]] in Dublin, as a political party whose goal is independence for all of Ireland. | ||
| + | * [[November]]–[[December]] – [[Russian Revolution of 1905]]: In the [[Baltic governorates]], workers and peasants burn and loot hundreds of [[Baltic Germans|Baltic German]] manors. The [[Imperial Russian Army]] thereafter executes and deports thousands of looters. | ||
| + | * [[December 2]] – [[Norsk Hydro]], predecessor of [[Equinor]], a [[State owned enterprise|state-run]] [[Energy|energy product]] and [[Electrical grid|grid]] brand in [[Scandinavia]], founded in [[Norway]]. | ||
| + | * [[December 7]]–[[December 18|18]] – [[Moscow Uprising of 1905|Moscow Uprising]]: A [[Bolsheviks|Bolshevik]]-led revolt is suppressed by the army. | ||
| + | * [[December 9]] – The [[1905 French law on the Separation of the Churches and the State]] is passed, enacting ''[[laïcité]]''. | ||
| + | * [[December 30]] – A bomb kills [[Frank Steunenberg]], ex-governor of [[Idaho]]; the case leads to a trial against leaders of the [[Western Federation of Miners]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Date unknown === | ||
| + | * [[Alfred Einhorn]] introduces [[novocaine]]. | ||
| + | * [[Wolf|Wolves]] become extinct in Japan. | ||
| + | * Civil service examinations are abolished in [[Qing dynasty]] China. | ||
| + | * [[Ta-Ching Government Bank]], predecessor of [[Bank of China]], is founded in [[Beijing|Peiping]].{{citation needed|date=May 2020}} | ||
| + | * [[Max Weber]] publishes ''[[The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism]] (Die Protestantische Ethik und der Geist des Kapitalismus)''. | ||
Latest revision as of 09:57, 28 March 2021
 ( 1900s: )  1905    | |
|---|---|
 The Russian Revolution of 1905. Artistic impression of the mutiny by the crew of the battleship Potemkin against the ship's officers on 14 June. |
Russian revolution
The Russian Revolution of 1905 was a wave of mass political and social unrest that spread through the Russian Empire.
Events
- January 1 – The Trans-Siberian Railway officially opens, after its completion on July 21, 1904.
- March 3 – Tsar Nicholas II of Russia agrees to create an elected assembly (the Duma).
- March 4 – Second inauguration of Theodore Roosevelt: Theodore Roosevelt is sworn in for a full term as 26th President of the United States.
- March 13 – Mata Hari introduces her exotic dance act in Paris.
- March 23 – Theriso revolt: About 1,500 men, led by Eleftherios Venizelos, meet at the village of Theriso in Crete to challenge the island's authoritarian government and press for its unification with Greece.
- March 31 – Wilhelm II, German Emperor asserts German equality with France in Morocco, triggering the Tangier or First Moroccan Crisis.
- April 30 – Albert Einstein completes his doctoral dissertation, A New Determination of Molecular Dimensions (submitted July 30 to the University of Zurich).
- June 7 – The Norwegian Parliament declares dissolution of the union between Norway and Sweden, giving Norway full independence.
- June 27 – (June 14 O.S.): Mutiny breaks out on the Russian ironclad Potemkin.
- July 22 – Taft–Katsura Secret Agreement: The United States and Japan meet to discuss their respective positions regarding Korea and the Philippines.
- Aug 20 – Sun Yat-sen, Chinese revolutionary, forms the first chapter of T'ung Meng Hui, a union of all secret societies determined to bringing down the Manchu dynasty.
- September 1 – The Canadian provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan are established, from the southwestern part of the Northwest Territories.
- September 5 – Russo-Japanese War: Treaty of Portsmouth – In New Hampshire, a treaty mediated by U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt is signed by Japan and Russia. Russia cedes the island of Sakhalin together with port and rail rights in Manchuria to Japan.
- October 16 – The Partition of Bengal is made by Lord Curzon to separate the region of Bengal into Muslim and Hindu territories until its reunification in 1911.
- October 26 – Sweden agrees to the repeal of the union with Norway.
- October 16 – The Circum-Baikal Railway is brought into permanent operation, completing through rail communication on the Trans-Siberian Railway.
- October 30– (October 17 Old Style) – October Manifesto: Tsar Nicholas II of Russia is forced to announce the granting of his country's first constitution (the Russian Constitution of 1906), conceding a national assembly (State Duma) with limited powers.
- November 12 – Norway holds a referendum, resulting in popular approval of the Storting's decision to authorise the government to make the offer of the throne of the newly independent country.
- November 17 – The Japan–Korea Treaty of 1905 ("Eulsa Treaty") effectively makes Korea a protectorate of Japan.
- November 18 – Prince Carl of Denmark becomes King Haakon VII of Norway.
- November 28 – Irish nationalist Arthur Griffith founds Sinn Féin in Dublin, as a political party whose goal is independence for all of Ireland.
- November–December – Russian Revolution of 1905: In the Baltic governorates, workers and peasants burn and loot hundreds of Baltic German manors. The Imperial Russian Army thereafter executes and deports thousands of looters.
- December 2 – Norsk Hydro, predecessor of Equinor, a state-run energy product and grid brand in Scandinavia, founded in Norway.
- December 7–18 – Moscow Uprising: A Bolshevik-led revolt is suppressed by the army.
- December 9 – The 1905 French law on the Separation of the Churches and the State is passed, enacting laïcité.
- December 30 – A bomb kills Frank Steunenberg, ex-governor of Idaho; the case leads to a trial against leaders of the Western Federation of Miners.
Date unknown
- Alfred Einhorn introduces novocaine.
- Wolves become extinct in Japan.
- Civil service examinations are abolished in Qing dynasty China.
- Ta-Ching Government Bank, predecessor of Bank of China, is founded in Peiping.[citation needed]
- Max Weber publishes The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (Die Protestantische Ethik und der Geist des Kapitalismus).
