Difference between revisions of "Francis Pym"
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|wikipedia=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Pym%2C_Baron_Pym | |wikipedia=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Pym%2C_Baron_Pym | ||
|constitutes=politician | |constitutes=politician | ||
− | |alma_mater=Magdalene College | + | |descritpion=British foreign secretary during the [[Falklands War]], later kicked out by [[Margaret Thatcher|Thatcher]] |
+ | |image=Francis Pym (cropped).jpg | ||
+ | |alma_mater=Eton,Magdalene College (Cambridge) | ||
|birth_date=1922-02-13 | |birth_date=1922-02-13 | ||
|birth_name=Francis Leslie Pym | |birth_name=Francis Leslie Pym | ||
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+ | '''Francis Leslie Pym, Baron Pym''' was a British [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] politician who served in various [[Cabinet of the United Kingdom|Cabinet]] positions in the 1970s and 1980s, including [[Foreign Secretary|Foreign]], [[Secretary of State for Defence|Defence]] and [[Secretary of State for Northern Ireland|Northern Ireland Secretary]], and [[Leader of the House of Commons]]. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Having previously been considered Thatcher's chief challenger, Pym was sacked as foreign secretary in 1983, the final role in which he and a long line of similar semi-patrician top Tories had failed to curb her more extreme policies.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2008/mar/07/3M</ref> | ||
+ | |||
[[John Hughes-Wilson]] stated in 2013 that Francis Pym supported the "[[Arms to Iraq]]" project.<ref>[[Document:Maggie's Guilty Secret]]</ref> | [[John Hughes-Wilson]] stated in 2013 that Francis Pym supported the "[[Arms to Iraq]]" project.<ref>[[Document:Maggie's Guilty Secret]]</ref> | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Early life == | ||
+ | Pym was born at [[Penpergwm Lodge]], near [[Abergavenny]] in [[Monmouthshire (historic)|Monmouthshire]].{{sfn|Theakston|2004|page=141}} His father, [[Leslie Pym]], was also an MP, while his grandfather, the Rt Revd [[Walter Pym]], was [[Diocese of Mumbai (Church of North India)|Bishop of Bombay]]. | ||
+ | |||
+ | He was educated at [[Eton College|Eton]], before going on to [[Magdalene College, Cambridge]]. For much of the Second World War, Pym served in [[North African campaign|North Africa]] and [[Italian campaign (World War II)|Italy]] as a [[Captain (British Army and Royal Marines)|captain]] and [[regimental adjutant]] in the [[9th Lancers]]. He was [[mentioned in despatches]] twice, awarded the [[Military Cross]],<ref>https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/37386/supplement/6074</ref> and ended his military service as a [[Major (United Kingdom)|major]]. Pym was a managing director and landowner before he went into politics. | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Career == | ||
+ | Pym entered politics as a member of [[Herefordshire County Council]] in 1958. He contested [[Rhondda West (UK Parliament constituency)|Rhondda West]] without success in 1959 and entered Parliament in 1961 at [[1961 Cambridgeshire by-election|a by-election]] as MP for [[Cambridgeshire (UK Parliament constituency)|Cambridgeshire]]. He held the seat until 1983, and thereafter was MP for [[South East Cambridgeshire (UK Parliament constituency)|South East Cambridgeshire]] until 1987. He was an [[opposition whip]] from 1964 and served under [[Edward Heath]] as [[Government Chief Whip]] (1970–1973) and [[Northern Ireland Secretary]] (1973–1974), and [[Margaret Thatcher]] as [[Secretary of State for Defence|Defence Secretary]] (1979–1981), [[Leader of the House of Commons]] and [[Lord President of the Council]] (1981–1982). | ||
+ | |||
+ | He became foreign secretary during the [[Falklands War]] in 1982 following [[Lord Carrington]]'s resignation, but was removed by Thatcher the following year after her second election victory. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Pym was a leading member of the "[[wets]]", Conservative MPs sceptical of [[Thatcherism]]. During the [[1983 United Kingdom general election|1983 general election]] campaign he said on the BBC's ''[[Question Time (TV programme)|Question Time]]'' that "Landslides don't on the whole produce successful governments".<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/uk_politics/04/thatchers_government/html/pym.stm</ref> This was publicly repudiated by Thatcher and he was sacked after the election. Shortly afterwards, he launched a [[pressure group]] called Conservative Centre Forward to argue for more [[centrist]], [[One-nation conservatism|one-nation]] policies. But with Thatcher at the height of her powers, it was unsuccessful. He stood down at the [[1987 United Kingdom general election|1987 election]] and was created a [[life peer]] as [[Baron Pym]] (of [[Sandy, Bedfordshire|Sandy]] in the [[County of Bedford]]shire) on 9 October 1987. | ||
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+ | He was the author of ''The Politics of Consent'', published in [[1984]] after he left the government. The book is a guide to the Wets' opposition to Thatcher's leadership style and politics. | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Personal life == | ||
+ | Pym died in Sandy, [[Bedfordshire]], on 7 March 2008 after a prolonged illness, aged 86.<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/politics/7283708.stm</ref> | ||
+ | He was survived by his wife, Valerie (1929–2017),<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20190308081539/http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/thetimes-uk/obituary.aspx?n=valerie-fortune-pym-daglish&pid=184370371&</ref> whom he married in 1949, and their four children.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2008/mar/07/3</ref> | ||
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{{SMWDocs}} | {{SMWDocs}} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
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Latest revision as of 02:47, 9 May 2023
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Born | Francis Leslie Pym 1922-02-13 Abergavenny, Monmouthshire | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Died | 2008-03-07 (Age 86) Sandy, Bedfordshire | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Alma mater | Eton, Magdalene College (Cambridge) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Member of | Nobody's Friends, The Other Club | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Party | Conservative | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Francis Leslie Pym, Baron Pym was a British Conservative politician who served in various Cabinet positions in the 1970s and 1980s, including Foreign, Defence and Northern Ireland Secretary, and Leader of the House of Commons.
Having previously been considered Thatcher's chief challenger, Pym was sacked as foreign secretary in 1983, the final role in which he and a long line of similar semi-patrician top Tories had failed to curb her more extreme policies.[1]
John Hughes-Wilson stated in 2013 that Francis Pym supported the "Arms to Iraq" project.[2]
Contents
Early life
Pym was born at Penpergwm Lodge, near Abergavenny in Monmouthshire.[3] His father, Leslie Pym, was also an MP, while his grandfather, the Rt Revd Walter Pym, was Bishop of Bombay.
He was educated at Eton, before going on to Magdalene College, Cambridge. For much of the Second World War, Pym served in North Africa and Italy as a captain and regimental adjutant in the 9th Lancers. He was mentioned in despatches twice, awarded the Military Cross,[4] and ended his military service as a major. Pym was a managing director and landowner before he went into politics.
Career
Pym entered politics as a member of Herefordshire County Council in 1958. He contested Rhondda West without success in 1959 and entered Parliament in 1961 at a by-election as MP for Cambridgeshire. He held the seat until 1983, and thereafter was MP for South East Cambridgeshire until 1987. He was an opposition whip from 1964 and served under Edward Heath as Government Chief Whip (1970–1973) and Northern Ireland Secretary (1973–1974), and Margaret Thatcher as Defence Secretary (1979–1981), Leader of the House of Commons and Lord President of the Council (1981–1982).
He became foreign secretary during the Falklands War in 1982 following Lord Carrington's resignation, but was removed by Thatcher the following year after her second election victory.
Pym was a leading member of the "wets", Conservative MPs sceptical of Thatcherism. During the 1983 general election campaign he said on the BBC's Question Time that "Landslides don't on the whole produce successful governments".[5] This was publicly repudiated by Thatcher and he was sacked after the election. Shortly afterwards, he launched a pressure group called Conservative Centre Forward to argue for more centrist, one-nation policies. But with Thatcher at the height of her powers, it was unsuccessful. He stood down at the 1987 election and was created a life peer as Baron Pym (of Sandy in the County of Bedfordshire) on 9 October 1987.
He was the author of The Politics of Consent, published in 1984 after he left the government. The book is a guide to the Wets' opposition to Thatcher's leadership style and politics.
Personal life
Pym died in Sandy, Bedfordshire, on 7 March 2008 after a prolonged illness, aged 86.[6] He was survived by his wife, Valerie (1929–2017),[7] whom he married in 1949, and their four children.[8]
References
- ↑ https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2008/mar/07/3M
- ↑ Document:Maggie's Guilty Secret
- ↑ Theakston 2004, p. 141.
- ↑ https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/37386/supplement/6074
- ↑ http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/uk_politics/04/thatchers_government/html/pym.stm
- ↑ http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/politics/7283708.stm
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20190308081539/http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/thetimes-uk/obituary.aspx?n=valerie-fortune-pym-daglish&pid=184370371&
- ↑ https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2008/mar/07/3