Difference between revisions of "US-China trade war"

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|wikipedia=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China%E2%80%93United_States_trade_war
 
|wikipedia=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China%E2%80%93United_States_trade_war
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|description=Since 2018 the United States and China have been engaged in a trade war involving the mutual placement of tariffs.
 
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Since 22 January 2018, the [[United States]] and [[China]] have been engaged in a trade war involving the mutual placement of tariffs. [[President of the United States|US President]] [[Donald Trump]] had declared in his campaign to fix China's "longtime abuse of the broken international system and unfair practices". The economic disputes occurred before China's entry to the [[World Trade Organization]] but former Presidents [[George H. W. Bush]], [[Bill Clinton]], [[George W. Bush]], and [[Barack Obama]] all failed to solve the problems. In April 2018, the United States filed a request for consultation to the [[World Trade Organization]] in regard to concerns that [[China]] was violating [[intellectual property]] rights.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cen.acs.org/policy/intellectual-property/US-files-complaint-over-Chinas/96/i14|title=U.S. files complaint over China's patent policies|website=Chemical & Engineering News|access-date=2018-11-01}}</ref>
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Since 22 January 2018, the [[United States]] and [[China]] have been engaged in a trade war involving the mutual placement of tariffs. [[President of the United States|US President]] [[Donald Trump]] had declared in his campaign to fix China's "longtime abuse of the broken international system and unfair practices".
 +
 
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On 14 May 2019, at the opening ceremony of the ''Conference on Dialogue of Asian Civilisations'' in [[Beijing]], President [[Xi Jinping]] denounced as "foolish" foreign efforts to reshape other nations as he pushed back against [[US]] trade demands:
 +
:"To think that one's own race and civilisation are superior to others, and to insist on transforming or even replacing other civilisations, is foolish in understanding and disastrous in practice."<ref>''[https://www.sott.net/article/413153-Foolish-and-disastrous-Chinas-Xi-calls-out-US-belief-that-its-superior-and-can-transform-other-nations "'Foolish and disastrous': China's Xi calls out US' belief that it's superior and can transform other nations"]''</ref>
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==Background==
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The economic disputes occurred before China's entry to the [[World Trade Organization]] but former Presidents [[George H. W. Bush]], [[Bill Clinton]], [[George W. Bush]], and [[Barack Obama]] all failed to solve the problems. In April 2018, the United States filed a request for consultation to the [[World Trade Organization]] in regard to concerns that [[China]] was violating [[intellectual property]] rights.<ref>https://cen.acs.org/policy/intellectual-property/US-files-complaint-over-Chinas/96/i14</ref>
 +
 
 +
In adding various tariffs, the US administration is relying partly on Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974 to prevent what it calls unfair trade practices and theft of [[intellectual property]].<ref>http://fortune.com/2018/04/02/china-tariffs-128-us-products/</ref> This gives the president the authority to unilaterally impose fines or other penalties on a trading partner if it is deemed to be unfairly harming US business interests, especially if it violated international trade agreements.<ref>''[http://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-03-10/intellectual-property-theft-not-steel-and-aluminum-is-the-real-/9531176 "Intellectual property theft, not metal, is the real trade war in US sights and it's a much bigger worry"]'', ''ABC'', March 9, 2018</ref>
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The result is that the [[US]] claims [[Chinese]] laws undermine [[intellectual property]] rights by forcing foreign companies to engage in joint ventures with Chinese companies, which then gives the Chinese companies access and permission to use, improve, copy or steal their technologies.<ref>https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-11-01/u-s-says-china-state-owned-co-stole-micron-trade-secrets</ref><ref>https://www.foxnews.com/tech/china-is-using-economic-espionage-and-theft-to-grab-us-technology</ref><ref>http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/66753/adam-segal/chinas-innovation-wall</ref>
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==''Made in China 2025''==
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[[Donald Trump|Trump]] also sees the technical industrial plan of ''Made in China 2025'' as a threat to [[US]] economy and national security, therefore imposed tariff on goods that are included in the plan,<ref>https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/president-donald-j-trump-confronting-chinas-unfair-trade-policies/</ref> and also urged China to stop the whole program.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/04/business/china-us-trade-talks.html</ref> However, [[China]] argues it has strengthened [[intellectual property]] right (IPR) protections and that the US has ignored the effort; that the US has ignored [[WTO]] rules and ignored the calls of its own industries to reduce tariffs. [[China]] firmly opposes these [[US]] trade practices, believing they represent ''unilateralism'' and ''protectionism''.
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=== Technology ===
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[[image:Screenshot 2021-12-31 at 01-42-26 2 charts show how much the world depends on Taiwan for semiconductors.png|left|500px]]
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During Covid-19, China emerged as a focus of the [[US Deep State]]. Controlled media focused on China's rapidly<ref>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiW3pHR6Yz1AhU9i_0HHeu_DjwQFnoECB0QAQ&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcarnegieendowment.org%2F2021%2F12%2F23%2Fhow-u.s.-businesses-view-china-s-growing-influence-in-tech-standards-pub-86084&usg=AOvVaw32BN7pprBKWzaLJtsIe1r9</ref> structural influence in technology, even being responsible with their state companies such as [[Huawei]]<ref>https://www.oxfordeconomics.com/recent-releases/The-economic-impact-of-Huawei-in-Europe</reF><ref>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjapcuh6Yz1AhXvwQIHHfcfDFMQFnoECAcQAQ&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.eu%2Farticle%2Fus-europe-5g-strategy-huawei%2F&usg=AOvVaw1rHTF7KyC4gtBvRWaARw8_</ref> for securing European governments their vital ministerial departments.
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As a result of the shutdown of many parts of the global supply chain, Taiwan came under scrutiny<ref>https://carnewschina.com/2021/10/12/cpca-the-shortage-of-chips-is-due-to-monopoly-tsmc-agrees/</ref><ref>https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-world-relies-on-one-chip-maker-in-taiwan-leaving-everyone-vulnerable-11624075400</ref> for being the '''de facto''' sole supplier of computer chips (or semiconductors specifically) for a wide variety of products.
 +
 
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Shortages for every product requiring computer chips, tariffs by the US & [[EU]] and increased tensions surrounding [[Taiwan]] and [[Hong Kong]], caused prices for computer chips and similar components to skyrocket, making the world extremely<ref>https://www.cnbc.com/2021/03/16/2-charts-show-how-much-the-world-depends-on-taiwan-for-semiconductors.html</ref> dependent on a rapid recovery of the Chinese (or [[Asian]]) economy<ref>https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiq2LTr5Yz1AhU0h_0HHb11BpIQFnoECBsQAQ&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Ffeatures%2F2021-01-25%2Fthe-world-is-dangerously-dependent-on-taiwan-for-semiconductors&usg=AOvVaw27yNvkHF0IamdKV-IqvkAJ</ref>.
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 +
=== Cryptocurrencies ===
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{{FA|Cryptocurrencies}}
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[[El Salvador]] explicity legalised [[Bitcoin]]. As bitcoin was blamed<ref>https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/2021/06/19/crypto-miners-are-probably-to-blame-for-the-graphics-chip-shortage</ref> for the supply chain shortages - with millions of people in lockdown and computer data centres emerging "mining crypto" - China banned the mining or using computers their power to get cryptocurrencies.
 +
During the rise of computer mining farms with thousands of computers combined together (growing Bitcoin to a $60k [[US Dollar]] exchange rate), analysts such as [[Peter A. Thiel]] argued cryptocurrencies to be a Chinese [[WMD]] aimed at destabilizing the US, by making the cost of living too high for the average American, getting quoted in a large number of US corporate media, following previous patterns from the [[Cold War]] and the War on Terror where the US used the [[consolidation of the media]] to make China an [[enemy image]] and gear up for war.<ref>https://www.marketwatch.com/story/china-may-be-using-bitcoin-as-financial-weapon-against-u-s-says-peter-thiel-11617837743</ref>
 +
 
 +
===Global Energy Crisis===
 +
A significant global shortage of energy started in 2021, affecting Europe<ref>https://www.naturalgasintel.com/european-natural-gas-prices-surge-on-nord-stream-2-delay-lng-recap</ref><ref>https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-09-15/france-may-try-to-ease-cost-of-energy-bills-with-more-vouchers</ref>, China and the [[UK]].<ref>https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-10-05/global-energy-crisis-is-the-first-of-many-in-the-clean-power-era</ref> Many industrial metals soared to record high prices, surpassing the [[Global financial crisis]].<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_global_energy_crisis#Effects_by_location</ref>
 +
European governments didn't seem keen on bending to Russian gas, halting [[Nord Stream 2]]-pipelines at one point causing energy prices for citizens to skyrocket, with traffic jams at patrol stations.<ref>https://www.voanews.com/a/spain-s-shock-plan-to-curb-soaring-energy-prices-a-sign-of-growing-state-intervention/6235626.html</ref><ref>https://news.sky.com/story/fuel-crisis-business-secretary-kwasi-kwarteng-not-guaranteeing-anything-over-impact-on-christmas-12421137</ref>
 +
 
 +
Although several other simplistic reasons - such as the banning of nuclear energy in several countries following the [[Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster]] - could've been given, most answers how to tackle the surging prices aligned with the goals of the [[The Great Reset]] and the [[Fourth Industrial Revolution]].<ref>https://www.euronews.com/2021/10/20/europe-s-energy-crisis-continent-too-reliant-on-gas-says-von-der-leyen</ref><ref>https://www.politico.eu/article/eu-countries-look-to-brussels-for-help-with-unprecedented-energy-crisis/</ref>
  
−
In adding various tariffs, the US administration is relying partly on Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974 to prevent what it calls unfair trade practices and theft of intellectual property.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://fortune.com/2018/04/02/china-tariffs-128-us-products/|title=These Are the 128 U.S. Products China Is Enacting Tariffs On|work=Fortune|access-date=May 28, 2018}}</ref> This gives the president the authority to unilaterally impose fines or other penalties on a trading partner if it is deemed to be unfairly harming US business interests, especially if it violated international trade agreements.<ref>''[http://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-03-10/intellectual-property-theft-not-steel-and-aluminum-is-the-real-/9531176 "Intellectual property theft, not metal, is the real trade war in US sights and it's a much bigger worry"]'', ''ABC'', March 9, 2018</ref>
 
  
−
The result is that the US claims Chinese laws undermine intellectual property rights by forcing foreign companies to engage in joint ventures with Chinese companies, which then gives the Chinese companies access and permission to use, improve, copy or steal their technologies.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-11-01/u-s-says-china-state-owned-co-stole-micron-trade-secrets|title=China State-Owned Company Charged With Micron Secrets Theft|last=McLaughlin|first=David|last2=Strohm|first2=Chris Strohm|date=November 1, 2018|website=Bloomberg News|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=December 5, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.foxnews.com/tech/china-is-using-economic-espionage-and-theft-to-grab-us-technology|title=China is using 'economic espionage' and 'theft' to grab US technology|last=Ciaccia|first=Chris|date=2018-11-29|website=Fox News|language=en-US|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-12-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/66753/adam-segal/chinas-innovation-wall|title=China's Innovation Wall|work=Foreign Affairs}}</ref> Trump also sees the technical industrial plan of ''Made in China 2025'' as a threat to U.S. economy and national security, therefore imposed tariff on goods that are included in the plan,<ref>{{cite web |title=President Donald J. Trump is Confronting China’s Unfair Trade Policies|url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/president-donald-j-trump-confronting-chinas-unfair-trade-policies/|website=White House|language=en-US|date= May 29, 2018|access-date=2019-05-15}}</ref> and also urged China to stop the whole program.<ref>{{cite web |title=U.S.-China Trade Talks End With Strong Demands, but Few Signs of a Deal|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/04/business/china-us-trade-talks.html}}</ref> However, China argues it has strengthened intellectual property right (IPR) protections and that the US has ignored the effort; that the US has ignored [[WTO]] rules and ignored the calls of its own industries to reduce tariffs. China firmly opposes these US trade practices, believing they represent ''unilateralism'' and ''protectionism''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://finance.ifeng.com/a/20180323/16042707_0.shtml|title=中国驻美大使馆：若美国执意打贸易战 中国将奉陪到底|website=finance.ifeng.com|language=zh|access-date=2019-02-19}}</ref>
 
 
{{SMWDocs}}
 
{{SMWDocs}}
 
==References==
 
==References==
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<references/>
 
<references/>
  

Latest revision as of 01:48, 8 December 2022

Concept.png US-China trade war 
(Civil unrest/Preparation,  War/Preparation)Rdf-entity.pngRdf-icon.png
Trump Xi.jpg
Since 2018 the United States and China have been engaged in a trade war involving the mutual placement of tariffs.

Since 22 January 2018, the United States and China have been engaged in a trade war involving the mutual placement of tariffs. US President Donald Trump had declared in his campaign to fix China's "longtime abuse of the broken international system and unfair practices".

On 14 May 2019, at the opening ceremony of the Conference on Dialogue of Asian Civilisations in Beijing, President Xi Jinping denounced as "foolish" foreign efforts to reshape other nations as he pushed back against US trade demands:

"To think that one's own race and civilisation are superior to others, and to insist on transforming or even replacing other civilisations, is foolish in understanding and disastrous in practice."[1]

Background

The economic disputes occurred before China's entry to the World Trade Organization but former Presidents George H. W. Bush, Bill Clinton, George W. Bush, and Barack Obama all failed to solve the problems. In April 2018, the United States filed a request for consultation to the World Trade Organization in regard to concerns that China was violating intellectual property rights.[2]

In adding various tariffs, the US administration is relying partly on Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974 to prevent what it calls unfair trade practices and theft of intellectual property.[3] This gives the president the authority to unilaterally impose fines or other penalties on a trading partner if it is deemed to be unfairly harming US business interests, especially if it violated international trade agreements.[4]

The result is that the US claims Chinese laws undermine intellectual property rights by forcing foreign companies to engage in joint ventures with Chinese companies, which then gives the Chinese companies access and permission to use, improve, copy or steal their technologies.[5][6][7]

Made in China 2025

Trump also sees the technical industrial plan of Made in China 2025 as a threat to US economy and national security, therefore imposed tariff on goods that are included in the plan,[8] and also urged China to stop the whole program.[9] However, China argues it has strengthened intellectual property right (IPR) protections and that the US has ignored the effort; that the US has ignored WTO rules and ignored the calls of its own industries to reduce tariffs. China firmly opposes these US trade practices, believing they represent unilateralism and protectionism.

Technology

Screenshot 2021-12-31 at 01-42-26 2 charts show how much the world depends on Taiwan for semiconductors.png

During Covid-19, China emerged as a focus of the US Deep State. Controlled media focused on China's rapidly[10] structural influence in technology, even being responsible with their state companies such as Huawei[11][12] for securing European governments their vital ministerial departments.

As a result of the shutdown of many parts of the global supply chain, Taiwan came under scrutiny[13][14] for being the de facto sole supplier of computer chips (or semiconductors specifically) for a wide variety of products.

Shortages for every product requiring computer chips, tariffs by the US & EU and increased tensions surrounding Taiwan and Hong Kong, caused prices for computer chips and similar components to skyrocket, making the world extremely[15] dependent on a rapid recovery of the Chinese (or Asian) economy[16].

Cryptocurrencies

Full article: Cryptocurrencies

El Salvador explicity legalised Bitcoin. As bitcoin was blamed[17] for the supply chain shortages - with millions of people in lockdown and computer data centres emerging "mining crypto" - China banned the mining or using computers their power to get cryptocurrencies. During the rise of computer mining farms with thousands of computers combined together (growing Bitcoin to a $60k US Dollar exchange rate), analysts such as Peter A. Thiel argued cryptocurrencies to be a Chinese WMD aimed at destabilizing the US, by making the cost of living too high for the average American, getting quoted in a large number of US corporate media, following previous patterns from the Cold War and the War on Terror where the US used the consolidation of the media to make China an enemy image and gear up for war.[18]

Global Energy Crisis

A significant global shortage of energy started in 2021, affecting Europe[19][20], China and the UK.[21] Many industrial metals soared to record high prices, surpassing the Global financial crisis.[22] European governments didn't seem keen on bending to Russian gas, halting Nord Stream 2-pipelines at one point causing energy prices for citizens to skyrocket, with traffic jams at patrol stations.[23][24]

Although several other simplistic reasons - such as the banning of nuclear energy in several countries following the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster - could've been given, most answers how to tackle the surging prices aligned with the goals of the The Great Reset and the Fourth Industrial Revolution.[25][26]


 

Related Quotations

PageQuoteAuthorDate
John Bolton“Trump spoke with Xi Jinping by phone on June 18, ahead of 2019's Osaka G20 summit, when they would next meet. Trump began by telling Xi he missed him and then said that the most popular thing he had ever been involved with was making a trade deal with China, which would be a big plus politically. They agreed their economic teams could continue meeting. The G20 bilateral arrived, and during the usual media mayhem at the start, Trump said, "we've become friends. My trip to Beijing with my family was one of the most incredible of my life." With the press gone, Xi said this is the most important bilateral relationship in the world. He said that some (unnamed) political figures in the United States were making erroneous judgments by calling for a new cold war, this time between China and the United States. Whether Xi meant to finger the Democrats, or some of us sitting on the US side of the table, I don't know, but Trump immediately assumed Xi meant the Democrats. Trump said approvingly that there was great hostility among the Democrats. He then, stunningly, turned the conversation to the coming US presidential election, alluding to China's economic capability to affect the ongoing campaigns, pleading with Xi to ensure he'd win. He stressed the importance of farmers, and increased Chinese purchases of soybeans and wheat in the electoral outcome. I would print Trump's exact words, but the government's prepublication review process has decided otherwise.”John BoltonJune 2020
Donald Trump/First Presidency“We can't continue to allow China to rape our country, and that's what they're doing, it's the greatest theft in the history of the world”Donald TrumpMay 2016

 

Related Documents

TitleTypePublication dateAuthor(s)Description
Document:5G Trade Wars: the US Empire Strikes BackArticle16 May 2019George KerevanThe global 5G marketplace in the control of private monopoly capitalism will result in something akin to Orwell’s 1984 nightmare. That will turn every man, woman and child on the planet into a consumer automaton monitored continuously by big business.
Document:Huawei’s phone business would be decimated without Google’s AndroidArticle20 May 2019Vlad SavovA resolution to the ongoing trade dispute between the US and China is now more urgent than ever. However, China is unlikely to react positively to the bullying tactics of the US. And that means Huawei’s phone business may be in limbo for a while yet.
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References

  1. ↑ "'Foolish and disastrous': China's Xi calls out US' belief that it's superior and can transform other nations"
  2. ↑ https://cen.acs.org/policy/intellectual-property/US-files-complaint-over-Chinas/96/i14
  3. ↑ http://fortune.com/2018/04/02/china-tariffs-128-us-products/
  4. ↑ "Intellectual property theft, not metal, is the real trade war in US sights and it's a much bigger worry", ABC, March 9, 2018
  5. ↑ https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-11-01/u-s-says-china-state-owned-co-stole-micron-trade-secrets
  6. ↑ https://www.foxnews.com/tech/china-is-using-economic-espionage-and-theft-to-grab-us-technology
  7. ↑ http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/66753/adam-segal/chinas-innovation-wall
  8. ↑ https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/president-donald-j-trump-confronting-chinas-unfair-trade-policies/
  9. ↑ https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/04/business/china-us-trade-talks.html
  10. ↑ https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiW3pHR6Yz1AhU9i_0HHeu_DjwQFnoECB0QAQ&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcarnegieendowment.org%2F2021%2F12%2F23%2Fhow-u.s.-businesses-view-china-s-growing-influence-in-tech-standards-pub-86084&usg=AOvVaw32BN7pprBKWzaLJtsIe1r9
  11. ↑ https://www.oxfordeconomics.com/recent-releases/The-economic-impact-of-Huawei-in-Europe
  12. ↑ https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjapcuh6Yz1AhXvwQIHHfcfDFMQFnoECAcQAQ&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.eu%2Farticle%2Fus-europe-5g-strategy-huawei%2F&usg=AOvVaw1rHTF7KyC4gtBvRWaARw8_
  13. ↑ https://carnewschina.com/2021/10/12/cpca-the-shortage-of-chips-is-due-to-monopoly-tsmc-agrees/
  14. ↑ https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-world-relies-on-one-chip-maker-in-taiwan-leaving-everyone-vulnerable-11624075400
  15. ↑ https://www.cnbc.com/2021/03/16/2-charts-show-how-much-the-world-depends-on-taiwan-for-semiconductors.html
  16. ↑ https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiq2LTr5Yz1AhU0h_0HHb11BpIQFnoECBsQAQ&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Ffeatures%2F2021-01-25%2Fthe-world-is-dangerously-dependent-on-taiwan-for-semiconductors&usg=AOvVaw27yNvkHF0IamdKV-IqvkAJ
  17. ↑ https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/2021/06/19/crypto-miners-are-probably-to-blame-for-the-graphics-chip-shortage
  18. ↑ https://www.marketwatch.com/story/china-may-be-using-bitcoin-as-financial-weapon-against-u-s-says-peter-thiel-11617837743
  19. ↑ https://www.naturalgasintel.com/european-natural-gas-prices-surge-on-nord-stream-2-delay-lng-recap
  20. ↑ https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-09-15/france-may-try-to-ease-cost-of-energy-bills-with-more-vouchers
  21. ↑ https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-10-05/global-energy-crisis-is-the-first-of-many-in-the-clean-power-era
  22. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_global_energy_crisis#Effects_by_location
  23. ↑ https://www.voanews.com/a/spain-s-shock-plan-to-curb-soaring-energy-prices-a-sign-of-growing-state-intervention/6235626.html
  24. ↑ https://news.sky.com/story/fuel-crisis-business-secretary-kwasi-kwarteng-not-guaranteeing-anything-over-impact-on-christmas-12421137
  25. ↑ https://www.euronews.com/2021/10/20/europe-s-energy-crisis-continent-too-reliant-on-gas-says-von-der-leyen
  26. ↑ https://www.politico.eu/article/eu-countries-look-to-brussels-for-help-with-unprecedented-energy-crisis/
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