Difference between revisions of "Extraordinary rendition"

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|description=Kidnapping and forced transfer of individuals by intelligence agencies from one legal jurisdiction to another without recourse to legal proceedings.
 
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Extraordinary rendition is the forced transfer of individuals from one legal jurisdiction to another without recourse to legal proceedings such as [[extradition]]. It is carried out in by the [[CIA]] in secret, often combined with a kidnapping (for example, [[Mordechai Vanunu]]), and applied to cases where the purpose of the transfer is to subject the individual to [[torture]] in connection with the so-called [[War on Terror]]. The number of cases is not publicly acknowledged, but is estimated to be at least several hundred.
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'''"Extraordinary rendition"''' is the imprisonment and forced transfer of individuals by [[intelligence agencies]] from one legal jurisdiction to another without recourse to legal proceedings such as [[extradition]]. When carried out by groups other than intelligence agencies, this is called [[kidnapping]] and [[person trafficking]].
  
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==== Extraordinary renditions and black sites in Europe ====
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It is carried out in by the [[CIA]] in secret, often combined with [[kidnapping]] (for example, [[Mordechai Vanunu]]) and/or [[CIA/Drugs|drug trafficking]]. The purpose of the transfer is to to circumvent the legal process, for example avoiding a formal extradition or circumventing restrictions about subjecting the individual to [[torture]] or [[murder]]. No one is known to have faced legal consequences for this practice.<ref>https://www.justsecurity.org/45973/exporting-rendition-project-u-s-central-asia/ saved at [http://web.archive.org/web/20210124181740/https://www.justsecurity.org/45973/exporting-rendition-project-u-s-central-asia/ Archive.org]</ref>
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[[File:CIA illegal flights.svg|thumb|upright=2.0|Extraordinary Rendition flights by the CIA, as reported by ''[[Rzeczpospolita (newspaper)|Rzeczpospolita]]''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rp.pl/artykul/292283.html |title=Politycy nie pozwolili śledczym tropić lotów CIA – Rzeczpospolita |language={{pl icon}} |work=Rzeczpospolita |date=17 April 2009 |accessdate=17 July 2010}}</ref>]]
 
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In January 2005, Swiss senator [[Dick Marty]], representative at the [[Council of Europe]] in charge of the European investigations, concluded that 100 people had been kidnapped by the CIA in Europe — thus qualifying as ghost detainees — and then rendered to a country where they may have been [[torture]]d. Marty qualified the sequestration of [[Abu Omar]] in Milan in February 2003 as a "perfect example of extraordinary rendition."<ref name="Bbc060124">{{cite news | title=Europe 'knew about' CIA flights |publisher=BBC News | date=24 January 2006 | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4641810.stm | accessdate=7 September 2006 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title=Europe in Uproar over CIA Operations | url=http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/la-fg-flights26nov26,0,1837707.story?coll=la-home-headlines | accessdate=18 December 2005 |work=Los Angeles Times | first=Tracy | last=Wilkinson | date=26 November 2005}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title=CIA Flights in Europe: The Hunt for Hercules N8183J | url=http://www.spiegel.de/international/spiegel/0,1518,387185,00.html|accessdate=18 December 2005 |work=Der Spiegel }}</ref>
 
  
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[[image:Extraordinary_rendition.jpg|left|thumbnail|350px|A prisoner being strapped down on board a plane before rendition]]
 
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''[[The Guardian]]'' reported on 5 December 2005, that the government of the [[UK]] is "guilty of breaking [[international law]] if it knowingly allowed secret CIA "rendition" flights of terror suspects to land at UK airports, according to a report by American legal scholars."<ref name="Guardian051205b">{{cite news | title=Special Reports: UK 'breaking law' over CIA secret flights | url=http://politics.guardian.co.uk/foreignaffairs/story/0,11538,1657737,00.html | accessdate=18 December 2005 |work=The Guardian  |location=London | date=5 December 2005  | first=Ian | last=Cobain}}</ref><ref name="DemocracyNow051205">{{cite web | title=British Tory MP Blasts Extraordinary Rendition, Says Britain Broke International Law and "Complicit in Torture" if Flights Passed Through UK | url=http://www.democracynow.org/article.pl?sid=05/12/05/1455243 | accessdate=18 December 2005 | date=5 December 2005 | publisher=[[Democracy Now]] }}</ref>
 
 
==Origins==
 
==Origins==
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At least far back as [[Allen Dulles]], the US has carried out extraordinary rendition. An academic writing a Ph.D thesis was kidnapped by the CIA in USA and flown to [[Dominica]] where he was [[tortured]] and [[murder]]ed.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F3eOE5POjlM</ref>
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At least far back as [[Allen Dulles]], the [[CIA]] has carried out extraordinary rendition. An early cases of CIA kidnapping was carried out under cutout [[Robert Mayhew]]. [[Jose de Glenda]] was an exile from the [[Trujillo]] government. At [[Colombia University]] he was writing a PhD on Trujillo's government. After he turned down offers to buy his PhD thesis, CIA contractors under Mayhew had De Glenda captured, [[drug]]ged, and flown to the [[Dominican Republic]] where he was [[tortured]] and [[assassinated]] by agents of Trujillo.<ref>http://www.unwelcomeguests.net/739</ref><ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F3eOE5POjlM</ref> The practice of rendition but is estimated{{by whom}} to be at least several hundred per year.{{cn}}
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==Black sites in Europe ==
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[[File:CIA illegal flights.svg|thumb|upright=2.0|Extraordinary Rendition flights by the CIA, as reported by ''[[Rzeczpospolita (newspaper)|Rzeczpospolita]]''<ref>http://www.rp.pl/artykul/292283.html </ref>]]
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In January 2005, Swiss senator [[Dick Marty]], representative at the [[Council of Europe]] in charge of the European investigations, concluded that 100 people had been kidnapped by the CIA in Europe — thus qualifying as ghost detainees — and then rendered to a country where they may have been [[torture]]d. Marty qualified the sequestration of [[Abu Omar]] in Milan in February 2003 as a "perfect example of extraordinary rendition."<ref name="Bbc060124">http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4641810.stm</ref><ref>http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/la-fg-flights26nov26,0,1837707.story?coll=la-home-headlines </ref><ref>http://www.spiegel.de/international/spiegel/0,1518,387185,00.html</ref>
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==Legal status==
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''[[The Guardian]]'' reported on 5 December 2005, that the government of the [[UK]] is "guilty of breaking [[international law]] if it knowingly allowed secret CIA "rendition" flights of terror suspects to land at UK airports, according to a report by American legal scholars."<ref name="Guardian051205b">http://politics.guardian.co.uk/foreignaffairs/story/0,11538,1657737,00.html </ref><ref name="DemocracyNow051205">http://www.democracynow.org/article.pl?sid=05/12/05/1455243</ref>
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==War on Terror==
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{{FA|War on Terror}}
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The practice is not integral to the "[[War on Terror]]", but correlated with it. Both contribute to a climate of [[fear]]. The number of "rendition" cases (and their purposes) is not publicly acknowledged, which is excused by the pretext of "[[national security]]". The label of "suspected terrorist" is used to chill interest in those held, for example, at [[Guantanamo Bay]].
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===Torture===
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[[image:Extraordinary_rendition.jpg|left|thumbnail|370px|A prisoner being strapped down on board a plane before rendition]]
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Imprisonment and smuggling of victims is closely connected to their [[torture]]. Swiss senator [[Dick Marty]] referred to the case of [[Egyptian]] cleric [[Abu Omar]] as a "perfect example of extraordinary rendition". On 4 November 2009, an Italian judge convicted in absentia 22 CIA agents, a USAF colonel and two Italian secret agents of the kidnap.<ref name="BBC4Nov">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8343123.stm CIA agents guilty of Italy kidnap] ''BBC''</ref> Eight other American and Italian defendants were acquitted.<ref name="BBC4Nov"/> A common pattern is to transfer such victims to remote locations to facilitate their [[torture]], either for pragmatic purposes or to minimise potential legal issues.
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==Drug trafficking==
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{{FA|CIA/Drug trafficking}}
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[[image:CIA_drug_rendition_arms_plane.jpg|400px|right]]
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The use of secret international flights for rendition must be seen in context of the [[CIA]]'s long history of [[drug trafficking]]. At least two CIA aircraft used to transport prisoners were later used to transport tonnes of [[cocaine]]. In 2006, a [[DC-9 that landed in Mexico]] (later dubbed 'Cocaine 1') was found to have tonnes of the drug on board.<ref name=rend>Y estrenan avión... decomisado Abel Barajas. [[Reforma]]. Mexico City: Dec 24, 2006. pg. 1</ref><ref>Utilizan avión incautado Palabra. Saltillo, Mexico: Apr 11, 2007. pg. 16</ref> as XC-LJZ.<ref>http://www.edinavtn.co.uk/assets/files/PDFs/DC9.pdf</ref> In 2007 a Gulfstream jet crashed in Mexico with between 3 and 6.3 tonnes of cocaine on board. It had been regularly used by the CIA for rendition to [[Guantanamo Bay]].
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==Weblinks==
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* [https://www.therenditionproject.org.uk/ The Rendition Project]<ref>http://web.archive.org/web/20210807050752/http://statecrime.org/launch-the-rendition-project/</ref> (now archive)
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{{SMWDocs}}
 
{{SMWDocs}}
 
==References==
 
==References==
 
{{Reflist|2}}
 
{{Reflist|2}}

Latest revision as of 05:14, 7 August 2021

Concept.png "Extraordinary rendition" 
(statecraft) SourcewatchRdf-entity.pngRdf-icon.png
Extraordinary rendition lego.jpg
Interest of• Jeffrey Kaye
• Dick Marty
Kidnapping and forced transfer of individuals by intelligence agencies from one legal jurisdiction to another without recourse to legal proceedings.

"Extraordinary rendition" is the imprisonment and forced transfer of individuals by intelligence agencies from one legal jurisdiction to another without recourse to legal proceedings such as extradition. When carried out by groups other than intelligence agencies, this is called kidnapping and person trafficking.

It is carried out in by the CIA in secret, often combined with kidnapping (for example, Mordechai Vanunu) and/or drug trafficking. The purpose of the transfer is to to circumvent the legal process, for example avoiding a formal extradition or circumventing restrictions about subjecting the individual to torture or murder. No one is known to have faced legal consequences for this practice.[1]

Origins

At least far back as Allen Dulles, the CIA has carried out extraordinary rendition. An early cases of CIA kidnapping was carried out under cutout Robert Mayhew. Jose de Glenda was an exile from the Trujillo government. At Colombia University he was writing a PhD on Trujillo's government. After he turned down offers to buy his PhD thesis, CIA contractors under Mayhew had De Glenda captured, drugged, and flown to the Dominican Republic where he was tortured and assassinated by agents of Trujillo.[2][3] The practice of rendition but is estimated[By whom?] to be at least several hundred per year.[citation needed]

Black sites in Europe

Extraordinary Rendition flights by the CIA, as reported by Rzeczpospolita[4]

In January 2005, Swiss senator Dick Marty, representative at the Council of Europe in charge of the European investigations, concluded that 100 people had been kidnapped by the CIA in Europe — thus qualifying as ghost detainees — and then rendered to a country where they may have been tortured. Marty qualified the sequestration of Abu Omar in Milan in February 2003 as a "perfect example of extraordinary rendition."[5][6][7]

Legal status

The Guardian reported on 5 December 2005, that the government of the UK is "guilty of breaking international law if it knowingly allowed secret CIA "rendition" flights of terror suspects to land at UK airports, according to a report by American legal scholars."[8][9]

War on Terror

Full article: Rated 4/5 “War on Terror”

The practice is not integral to the "War on Terror", but correlated with it. Both contribute to a climate of fear. The number of "rendition" cases (and their purposes) is not publicly acknowledged, which is excused by the pretext of "national security". The label of "suspected terrorist" is used to chill interest in those held, for example, at Guantanamo Bay.

Torture

A prisoner being strapped down on board a plane before rendition

Imprisonment and smuggling of victims is closely connected to their torture. Swiss senator Dick Marty referred to the case of Egyptian cleric Abu Omar as a "perfect example of extraordinary rendition". On 4 November 2009, an Italian judge convicted in absentia 22 CIA agents, a USAF colonel and two Italian secret agents of the kidnap.[10] Eight other American and Italian defendants were acquitted.[10] A common pattern is to transfer such victims to remote locations to facilitate their torture, either for pragmatic purposes or to minimise potential legal issues.

Drug trafficking

Full article: Rated 4/5 CIA/Drug trafficking
CIA drug rendition arms plane.jpg

The use of secret international flights for rendition must be seen in context of the CIA's long history of drug trafficking. At least two CIA aircraft used to transport prisoners were later used to transport tonnes of cocaine. In 2006, a DC-9 that landed in Mexico (later dubbed 'Cocaine 1') was found to have tonnes of the drug on board.[11][12] as XC-LJZ.[13] In 2007 a Gulfstream jet crashed in Mexico with between 3 and 6.3 tonnes of cocaine on board. It had been regularly used by the CIA for rendition to Guantanamo Bay.

Weblinks


 

“Extraordinary rendition” victims on Wikispooks

TitleDescription
William Francis BuckleyCIA Station Chief in Beirut, captured by Hezbollah.
Khalid El-MasriKidnapped for months by the CIA after a case of mistaken identity. His lawsuit was dismissed on grounds of "national security"
Álvaro Gomez-HurtadoSpooky Colombian diplomat who attended Le Cercle. Assassinated in 1995
Robert NairacBritish soldier who was abducted and killed by the IRA in 1977 while visiting a bar in South Armagh.
Abu OmarAn Egyptian cleric who was kindnapped in Milan by the CIA in 2003 and sent to Egypt where he was subject to torture.
Gul RahmanKidnapped and tortured to death by the CIA.
Hanns Martin Schleyer
René SchneiderThe commander-in-chief of the Chilean Army at the time of the 1970 Chilean presidential election, when he was assassinated during a botched kidnapping attempt.
Aafia SiddiquiAmerican-educated Pakistani cognitive neuroscientist, tortured and raped for years by US forces, now serving a life sentence after a trial of a highly questionable nature.
Ivan StambolićRetired Serbian politician killed for murky motives
Mordechai VanunuThe former Israeli nuclear technician who, citing his opposition to weapons of mass destruction, revealed details of Israel's nuclear weapons program to the British press in 1986.He was captured by Mossad, kidnapped and subsequently imprisoned for 18 years, including 11 years in solitary confinement. He continues to be subject to harrassment and forbidden to speak to foreigners or to leave Israel.
Abu ZubaydahA prisoner of the deep state, subjected to torture, denied legal process, still in detention for over 20 years.

 

Related Quotations

PageQuoteAuthorDate
Black site“They would have had to all three tie their hands and feet together, shove rags down their throats, put a mask over their face, made a noose, hung it from the ceiling on the side of the cellblock, jumped into the noose, and hung themselves simultaneously. In a cellblock where guards are ordered to check on detainees every four minutes. They had a policy that if a detainee is hunger-striking, he cannot be interrogated, I believe the number-one mission in JTF-GTMO (Joint Task Force Guantanamo) at the time was, stop the hunger strikes at all costs. I think you get rid of the people that provoked the hunger strikes and you get rid of the problem. After the deaths, there were no hunger strikes for a long period of time.”Joseph Hickman2015
Black site“A small group of people in Johnston County NC are investigating their state’s role in the CIA's torture and rendition program. Last fall, they had a series of public hearings on the subject and on May 7th they're planning to meet with their commissioners in an effort to compel their county's very conservative board of commissioners to issue a ban on the use of public resources for rendition or torture, and to publicly acknowledge what they found: that a CIA contractor called Aero operating out of the local county airport, handled some 80% of rendition flights between September 2001 and March 2004.”Vice News2018
Black site“The European Parliament denounces the lack of co-operation of many member states and of the Council of the European Union with the investigation; Regrets that European countries have been relinquishing control over their airspace and airports by turning a blind eye or admitting flights operated by the CIA which, on some occasions, were being used for illegal transportation of detainees; Calls for the closure of [the US military detention mission in] Guantanamo and for European countries immediately to seek the return of their citizens and residents who are being held illegally by the US authorities; Considers that all European countries should initiate independent investigations into all stopovers by civilian aircraft [hired by] the CIA; Urges that a ban or system of inspections be introduced for all CIA-operated aircraft known to have been involved in extraordinary rendition”European Parliament2006
Black site“They always followed the same procedure. We were always told to keep away. The planes would stay at the end of the runway, often with their engines running. A couple of military vans from the nearby intelligence base would go up to them, stay a while and then drive off, out of the airport. "I saw several of these flights but never saw inside the vans because they had tinted windows and they never stopped at the terminal building”Mariola Przewlocka2006
Craig Murray“Can I just say how pleasant it is to be vindicated ten years after being sacked by Jack Straw for opposing the torture and extraordinary rendition programme – which Blair and Straw claimed I was inventing.”Craig MurrayDecember 2014

 

Related Documents

TitleTypePublication dateAuthor(s)Description
Document:Child Soldier Coerced Into Plea-Bargainarticle7 October 2010Keith Jones
Document:My CIA Renditionstatement17 March 2011Abu Omar
Document:Secret detentions and illegal transfers of detainees involving Council of Europe member states: second reportwebpage11 June 2007Dick Marty
Document:The Rendition of Abu OmararticleAugust 2007John Foot
Document:Torture Inquiry must reveal the Trutharticle7 July 2010Peter Oborne
File:CIA Shannon Report 9 2 09.pdfreport9 February 2008Edward Horgan
File:EU20060124Jdoc032006E.pdfreport24 January 2006Dick Marty
File:EUEdoc10957.pdfreport12 June 2006
File:EUResolutionMarty.pdflegal document8 September 2011Dick Marty

 

Convicted of Extraordinary rendition

PersonBornDiedNationalitySummaryDescription
Hüseyin Baybaşin25 December 1956Drug trafficker
Deep state actor		A druglord with close and acknowledged ties to Turkish government leaders, who also worked as an informer for UK Customs & Excise. Now in prison
Manuel Contreras4 May 19297 August 2015ChileSpookChilean spymaster.
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References

  1. ↑ https://www.justsecurity.org/45973/exporting-rendition-project-u-s-central-asia/ saved at Archive.org
  2. ↑ http://www.unwelcomeguests.net/739
  3. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F3eOE5POjlM
  4. ↑ http://www.rp.pl/artykul/292283.html
  5. ↑ http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4641810.stm
  6. ↑ http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/la-fg-flights26nov26,0,1837707.story?coll=la-home-headlines
  7. ↑ http://www.spiegel.de/international/spiegel/0,1518,387185,00.html
  8. ↑ http://politics.guardian.co.uk/foreignaffairs/story/0,11538,1657737,00.html
  9. ↑ http://www.democracynow.org/article.pl?sid=05/12/05/1455243
  10. ↑ a b CIA agents guilty of Italy kidnap BBC
  11. ↑ Y estrenan avión... decomisado Abel Barajas. Reforma. Mexico City: Dec 24, 2006. pg. 1
  12. ↑ Utilizan avión incautado Palabra. Saltillo, Mexico: Apr 11, 2007. pg. 16
  13. ↑ http://www.edinavtn.co.uk/assets/files/PDFs/DC9.pdf
  14. ↑ http://web.archive.org/web/20210807050752/http://statecrime.org/launch-the-rendition-project/
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