Difference between revisions of "Lewis Thompson Preston"
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|death_place=Washington D.C., USA | |death_place=Washington D.C., USA | ||
|death_cause=cancer | |death_cause=cancer | ||
| + | |political_party=Republican | ||
|parents=Lewis Thompson Preston Sr., Priscilla Baldwin | |parents=Lewis Thompson Preston Sr., Priscilla Baldwin | ||
|children=Lewis Thompson Preston III | |children=Lewis Thompson Preston III | ||
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| − | He was appointed by his friend<ref name=wp>http://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/1991/03/17/preston-facing-big-job-as-head-of-world-bank/e84da1f8-aff6-4508-a091-71cb0b9b9e7b/</ref> [[George H. W. Bush]] to the [[President of the World Bank]]. As of August 2015, he had a spookily short page on [[Wikipedia]] - only a couple of sentences. | + | He was appointed by his old friend<ref name=atpb>''All the Presidents' Bankers: The Hidden Alliances that Drive American Power'', by [[Nomi Prins]]</ref><ref name=wp>http://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/1991/03/17/preston-facing-big-job-as-head-of-world-bank/e84da1f8-aff6-4508-a091-71cb0b9b9e7b/</ref> [[George H. W. Bush]] to the [[President of the World Bank]]. As of August 2015, he had a spookily short page on [[Wikipedia]] - only a couple of sentences. |
==Nature== | ==Nature== | ||
| − | One assessment of him | + | One assessment of him described him as "reticent" and "taciturn"<ref name=atpb/>, another declared that he was a "private and reticent man [who] disliked large formal gatherings."<ref name=yahoo>http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/EXTABOUTUS/EXTARCHIVES/0,,contentMDK:20505265~pagePK:36726~piPK:437378~theSitePK:29506,00.html</ref> |
==Family background== | ==Family background== | ||
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Preston began and began as a trainee at [[J.P. Morgan]], when it was only a mid-size bank.<ref name=sps/> He had a 37-40 year career there, becoming a board member. In 1980 he was made chairman and chief executive officer. He stepped down as CEO in 1989, but remained chairman of the executive committee until he left for the World Bank.<ref name=yahoo/><ref name=nyt>http://www.nytimes.com/1995/05/06/obituaries/lewis-t-preston-68-dies-led-world-bank-into-90-s.html</ref> In 1989, the [[Federal Reserve]] permitted J.P. Morgan to be the first commercial bank to underwrite a corporate debt offering.<ref>On July 13, 1989 J.P. Morgan & Co. underwrote an offering of 9.20% notes for Xerox Corporation, the first corporate debt offering underwritten by a commercial bank in the United States since 1933.</ref> | Preston began and began as a trainee at [[J.P. Morgan]], when it was only a mid-size bank.<ref name=sps/> He had a 37-40 year career there, becoming a board member. In 1980 he was made chairman and chief executive officer. He stepped down as CEO in 1989, but remained chairman of the executive committee until he left for the World Bank.<ref name=yahoo/><ref name=nyt>http://www.nytimes.com/1995/05/06/obituaries/lewis-t-preston-68-dies-led-world-bank-into-90-s.html</ref> In 1989, the [[Federal Reserve]] permitted J.P. Morgan to be the first commercial bank to underwrite a corporate debt offering.<ref>On July 13, 1989 J.P. Morgan & Co. underwrote an offering of 9.20% notes for Xerox Corporation, the first corporate debt offering underwritten by a commercial bank in the United States since 1933.</ref> | ||
| − | [[Douglas A. Warner III]], J.P. Morgan's chairman, stated that "Lew Preston was the architect of the modern J.P. Morgan and the pre-eminent international banker of his era. He led our firm with penetrating vision, formidable intellect and strength of character." | + | [[Douglas A. Warner III]], J.P. Morgan's chairman, stated that "Lew Preston was the architect of the modern J.P. Morgan and the pre-eminent international banker of his era. He led our firm with penetrating vision, formidable intellect and strength of character." Preston was "heavily involved in crafting [[Wall Street]]'s solutions to the [[third world]] [[debt crisis]] and shielding Morgan from as much fallout as possible".<ref name=atpb/> |
===World Bank=== | ===World Bank=== | ||
| − | + | "There is a lot of politics behind the choice of Lewis Preston, and the key figure is President [[George H. W. Bush|George Bush]]."<ref>Asian Finance, Volume 17, p.12</ref> Preston was appointed [[President of the World Bank]] in September 1991 by "old friend" George H. W. Bush, after a surprise resignation announcement in March 1991 by [[Barber Conable]] (another "old buddy" of Bush's). [[Nomi Prins]] writes that Bush wanted someone who would be "sympathetic to the private bankers' requirements when the general economic atmosphere remained shaky."<ref name=atpb> | |
====Expansion of remit==== | ====Expansion of remit==== | ||
| − | + | by "old friend" him removed 240 senior positions from the staff shortly after arriving in 1991, and announced a 6% budget cut in 1994.<ref>http://universalium.academic.ru/253445/Preston%2C_Lewis_Thompson</ref> | |
At the [[World Bank]] he declared that "alleviating poverty" would be the Bank's "overarching objective", and said that applications for loans would be judged on a nation's social justice record as well as its economic efficiency. He expanded the role of the bank, beyond that of just making loans, in the direction of organising and implementing projects associated with them.<ref name=yahoo/> | At the [[World Bank]] he declared that "alleviating poverty" would be the Bank's "overarching objective", and said that applications for loans would be judged on a nation's social justice record as well as its economic efficiency. He expanded the role of the bank, beyond that of just making loans, in the direction of organising and implementing projects associated with them.<ref name=yahoo/> | ||
Revision as of 11:55, 31 August 2015
 Lewis Thompson Preston    | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Born | August 5, 1926 New York, USA | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Died | May 4, 1995 (Age 68) Property "Has deathPlace" (as page type) with input value "Washington D.C." contains invalid characters or is incomplete and therefore can cause unexpected results during a query or annotation process.[[Washington D.C|Washington D.C.]], USA | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cause of death | cancer | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alma mater | Harvard | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Parents | • Lewis Thompson Preston Sr. • Priscilla Baldwin | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Children | Lewis Thompson Preston III | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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He was appointed by his old friend[1][2] George H. W. Bush to the President of the World Bank. As of August 2015, he had a spookily short page on Wikipedia - only a couple of sentences.
Contents
Nature
One assessment of him described him as "reticent" and "taciturn"[1], another declared that he was a "private and reticent man [who] disliked large formal gatherings."[3]
Family background
Lewis Thompson Preston was born into a rich family that was reported on by local newspapers of the late 19th/early 20th century. His great grandfather was Jerome Preston, businessman, investor in the oil business and partner with a member of the Harriman family. "A Preston grandfather[Who?] had been a Confederate officer who later became a partner in John D. Rockefeller's Standard Oil Company. Preston's father was a World War I flier and later a well-known hunter." The World Bank website suggests that in 1948 he was the Captain of the US Olympic Hockey team, and some obituaries mention this, but at least one other source does not name him as a player.[3][4] On April 17, 1959 he married heiress Gladys Pulitzer Preston, granddaughter of Joseph Pulitzer, publisher of The New York World and St. Louis Post Dispatch newspapers and founder of the Pulitzer Prize.[5]
Career
US Marines
Preston became a US Marine and reportedly fought in the Pacific during World War II with the 6th Marine Division on Okinawa and with the Ist Marine Division in the occupation of China. He left the service a Sergeant.[6]
Harvard
He graduated from Harvard with a B.A. in history in 1951, where he also played in the varsity hockey team.[7]
J. P. Morgan
Preston began and began as a trainee at J.P. Morgan, when it was only a mid-size bank.[6] He had a 37-40 year career there, becoming a board member. In 1980 he was made chairman and chief executive officer. He stepped down as CEO in 1989, but remained chairman of the executive committee until he left for the World Bank.[3][8] In 1989, the Federal Reserve permitted J.P. Morgan to be the first commercial bank to underwrite a corporate debt offering.[9]
Douglas A. Warner III, J.P. Morgan's chairman, stated that "Lew Preston was the architect of the modern J.P. Morgan and the pre-eminent international banker of his era. He led our firm with penetrating vision, formidable intellect and strength of character." Preston was "heavily involved in crafting Wall Street's solutions to the third world debt crisis and shielding Morgan from as much fallout as possible".[1]
World Bank
"There is a lot of politics behind the choice of Lewis Preston, and the key figure is President George Bush."[10] Preston was appointed President of the World Bank in September 1991 by "old friend" George H. W. Bush, after a surprise resignation announcement in March 1991 by Barber Conable (another "old buddy" of Bush's). Nomi Prins writes that Bush wanted someone who would be "sympathetic to the private bankers' requirements when the general economic atmosphere remained shaky."Cite error: Closing </ref> missing for <ref> tag
At the World Bank he declared that "alleviating poverty" would be the Bank's "overarching objective", and said that applications for loans would be judged on a nation's social justice record as well as its economic efficiency. He expanded the role of the bank, beyond that of just making loans, in the direction of organising and implementing projects associated with them.[3]
Deep political connections
He was a member Pilgrims Society[11]. Sources differ on whether he attended the Bilderberg Group, but he has been mentioned as a member and treasurer of Council on Foreign Relations.[12]
References
- ↑ a b c All the Presidents' Bankers: The Hidden Alliances that Drive American Power, by Nomi Prins
- ↑ http://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/1991/03/17/preston-facing-big-job-as-head-of-world-bank/e84da1f8-aff6-4508-a091-71cb0b9b9e7b/
- ↑ a b c d http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/EXTABOUTUS/EXTARCHIVES/0,,contentMDK:20505265~pagePK:36726~piPK:437378~theSitePK:29506,00.html
- ↑ http://www.hockey-reference.com/olympics/teams/USA/1948
- ↑ http://www.palmbeachdailynews.com/news/news/gladys-pulitzer-preston-granddaughter-of-the-found/nMDy8/
- ↑ a b http://archives.sps.edu/common/text.asp?Img=18913&Keyword=&Headline=&Author=&SearchMode=0
- ↑ http://www.thecrimson.com/article/1950/3/29/haa-winter-sports-awards-pletters-and/
- ↑ http://www.nytimes.com/1995/05/06/obituaries/lewis-t-preston-68-dies-led-world-bank-into-90-s.html
- ↑ On July 13, 1989 J.P. Morgan & Co. underwrote an offering of 9.20% notes for Xerox Corporation, the first corporate debt offering underwritten by a commercial bank in the United States since 1933.
- ↑ Asian Finance, Volume 17, p.12
- ↑ http://isgp.nl/Pilgrims_Society_members_list_AZ
- ↑ http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/sociopolitica/sociopol_globalbanking03.htm
