Difference between revisions of "Anthony Crosland"
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|wikipedia=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Crosland | |wikipedia=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Crosland | ||
| − | |alma_mater=Trinity College | + | |alma_mater=Trinity College (Oxford) |
| − | | | + | |image=Charles-Anthony-Raven-Crosland.jpg |
| + | |description=UK MP on the right wing of the Labour Party, and receiver of [[CIA]] money, which was flowing through the [[Congress for Cultural Freedom]] to move the party away from [[nationalization]] and [[pacifism]]. Closet homosexual in the 1950s when it still was illegal. | ||
| + | |birth_date=29 August 1918 | ||
|birth_place=St Leonards-on-Sea, Sussex, England | |birth_place=St Leonards-on-Sea, Sussex, England | ||
| − | |death_date=1977 | + | |death_date=19 February 1977 |
|death_place=Oxford, Oxfordshire, England | |death_place=Oxford, Oxfordshire, England | ||
| + | |death_cause=cerebral haemorrhage | ||
| + | |victim_of=premature death | ||
|political_parties=Labour | |political_parties=Labour | ||
|employment={{job | |employment={{job | ||
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| + | '''Charles Anthony Raven Crosland''' was a British [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]] politician and author. | ||
| + | |||
| + | On the right wing of the Labour Party, he was a prominent party intellectual. His influential book ''The Future of Socialism'' (1956) argued for remodeling the party in the image of the [[American Democratic Party]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Congress for Cultural Freedom== | ||
| + | Crosland was a receiver of [[CIA]] money, which was flowing through the [[Congress for Cultural Freedom]] to such magazines as ''[[Encounter]]'' which have given Labour politicians like Crosland, [[Denis Healey]], and [[Hugh Gaitskell]] a platform for their campaigns to move the Labour Party away from [[nationalization]] and [[pacifism]]. | ||
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| + | {{QB|The [[Congress for Cultural Freedom]] was establishing solid ties with the coming man of the [[British Labour Party]], Anthony Crosland, who was by now acknowledged as the party's chief theoretician. He had lost his seat at Westminster in the 1955 election, but in the following years was traveling regularly to Paris to plan the international seminars of the CCF with Melvin Lasky and Michael Josselson under the directorship of Daniel Bell. Michael Josselson , who in 1 967 admitted that he had for 17 years been channeling CIA money into the CCF. has described to us Crosland' s role at this period. Crosland's contribution, he says, was "encouraging sympathetic people" to participate in the seminars sponsored by the congress all over the world. Crosland himself traveled to Vienna in 1 958, to Berlin in 1960, | ||
| + | and to Australia and Japan in 1964 on a congress-sponsored tour. | ||
| + | |||
| + | He was at this date a member of the International Council of the CCF after nearly a decade working to remodel European [[socialism]] in the image of the American [[Democratic Party]], a cause for the sake of which the CCF had financed a systematic campaign of congresses, seminars, and private gatherings for leading Socialists throughout Europe.<ref>[[Document:How CIA Money Took the Teeth Out of Socialism]]</ref>}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Career== | ||
| + | Having been a [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] (MP) for South Gloucestershire from 1950 to 1955, Crosland returned to Parliament for Great Grimsby (1959–1977). During [[Harold Wilson]]'s governments of 1964–1970 he was [[Economic Secretary to the Treasury]] (1964), then [[Minister of State for Economic Affairs]] (1964–1965). Entering the Cabinet as [[Secretary of State for Education and Science]] (1965–1967), he led the Labour campaign to replace [[grammar school]]s with [[Comprehensive school (England and Wales)|comprehensive schools]] that did not use the [[eleven-plus]] for the selection of pupils. He later was President of the Board of Trade (1967–1969), then [[Secretary of State for Local Government and Regional Planning]] (1969–1970). | ||
| + | |||
| + | When Labour returned to power he became [[Secretary of State for the Environment]] (1974–1976) and briefly as [[Foreign Secretary]] (1976–1977). In that role he promoted [[détente]] with the Soviet Union. He died suddenly in February 1977 of a [[cerebral haemorrhage]], aged 58. | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Personal life == | ||
| + | Early in his life Crosland had numerous affairs, including allegedly with [[Roy Jenkins]].<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180312052615/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/10687788/Roy-Jenkins-male-lover-Tony-Crosland-tried-to-halt-his-marriage.html </ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20161201140212/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/may/16/double-lives-a-history-of-sex-and-secrecy-at-westminster</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160304203746/http://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/wales-news/string-affairs-gay-relationship-secret-6921941</ref> He later described the relationship as "an exceedingly close and intense friendship."<ref>Campbell, John (2014). ''Roy Jenkins: A Well-Rounded Life.'' Jonathan Cape. p. 66.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Crosland benefited from the patronage of [[Hugh Dalton]], who, in 1951, wrote to [[Richard Crossman]]: "Thinking of Tony, with all his youth and beauty and gaiety and charm... I weep. I am more fond of that young man than I can put into words."<ref>Bloch, Michael (2015). ''Closet Queens.'' Little, Brown. p. 230. </ref> According to Nicholas Davenport,<ref>Davenport, Nicholas (1974). ''Memoirs of a City Radical.'' Weidenfeld. p. 171.</ref> Dalton's unrequited feelings for Crosland became an embarrassing joke within the Labour Party. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Crosland married Hilary Sarson in November 1952, divorcing after five years, though the marriage had effectively ended after a year. Crosland had numerous affairs with other women. He remarried on 7 February 1964 to Susan Catling, an American from [[Baltimore]] resident in London whom he had met in 1956,<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160923005332/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2011/feb/28/susan-crosland-obituary</ref> and, in contrast to his first marriage, this was very happy and content. [[Susan Crosland]] was a successful journalist and writer. There were no children of either marriage, although Crosland's second wife had two daughters from a previous marriage.<ref name="times19779221">Obituary, ''The Times'', London, 21 February 1977</ref> He persuaded his step-daughters to abandon their elite private schools to attend [[Holland Park School|Holland Park Comprehensive]].<ref name="Crosland2001">https://web.archive.org/web/20160809142651/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1322534/Forget-the-school-its-the-teaching-that-counts.html</ref> Susan Crosland died on 26 February 2011.<ref name="leonard">https://web.archive.org/web/20110315174712/http://www.nextleft.org/2011/03/tribute-to-susan-crosland.html</ref> | ||
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{{SMWDocs}} | {{SMWDocs}} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
| − | {{ | + | {{PageCredit |
| + | |site=Wikipedia | ||
| + | |date=01.01.2022 | ||
| + | |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Crosland | ||
| + | }} | ||
Latest revision as of 12:25, 13 November 2024
 Anthony Crosland    (politician) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Born | 29 August 1918 St Leonards-on-Sea, Sussex, England | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Died | 19 February 1977 (Age 58) Oxford, Oxfordshire, England | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cause of death | cerebral haemorrhage | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alma mater | Trinity College (Oxford) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Member of | Fabian Society | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Victim of | premature death | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Party | Labour | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
UK MP on the right wing of the Labour Party, and receiver of CIA money, which was flowing through the Congress for Cultural Freedom to move the party away from nationalization and pacifism. Closet homosexual in the 1950s when it still was illegal.
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Charles Anthony Raven Crosland was a British Labour politician and author.
On the right wing of the Labour Party, he was a prominent party intellectual. His influential book The Future of Socialism (1956) argued for remodeling the party in the image of the American Democratic Party.
Congress for Cultural Freedom
Crosland was a receiver of CIA money, which was flowing through the Congress for Cultural Freedom to such magazines as Encounter which have given Labour politicians like Crosland, Denis Healey, and Hugh Gaitskell a platform for their campaigns to move the Labour Party away from nationalization and pacifism.
The Congress for Cultural Freedom was establishing solid ties with the coming man of the British Labour Party, Anthony Crosland, who was by now acknowledged as the party's chief theoretician. He had lost his seat at Westminster in the 1955 election, but in the following years was traveling regularly to Paris to plan the international seminars of the CCF with Melvin Lasky and Michael Josselson under the directorship of Daniel Bell. Michael Josselson , who in 1 967 admitted that he had for 17 years been channeling CIA money into the CCF. has described to us Crosland' s role at this period. Crosland's contribution, he says, was "encouraging sympathetic people" to participate in the seminars sponsored by the congress all over the world. Crosland himself traveled to Vienna in 1 958, to Berlin in 1960,
and to Australia and Japan in 1964 on a congress-sponsored tour.
He was at this date a member of the International Council of the CCF after nearly a decade working to remodel European socialism in the image of the American Democratic Party, a cause for the sake of which the CCF had financed a systematic campaign of congresses, seminars, and private gatherings for leading Socialists throughout Europe.[1]
Career
Having been a Member of Parliament (MP) for South Gloucestershire from 1950 to 1955, Crosland returned to Parliament for Great Grimsby (1959–1977). During Harold Wilson's governments of 1964–1970 he was Economic Secretary to the Treasury (1964), then Minister of State for Economic Affairs (1964–1965). Entering the Cabinet as Secretary of State for Education and Science (1965–1967), he led the Labour campaign to replace grammar schools with comprehensive schools that did not use the eleven-plus for the selection of pupils. He later was President of the Board of Trade (1967–1969), then Secretary of State for Local Government and Regional Planning (1969–1970).
When Labour returned to power he became Secretary of State for the Environment (1974–1976) and briefly as Foreign Secretary (1976–1977). In that role he promoted détente with the Soviet Union. He died suddenly in February 1977 of a cerebral haemorrhage, aged 58.
Personal life
Early in his life Crosland had numerous affairs, including allegedly with Roy Jenkins.[2][3][4] He later described the relationship as "an exceedingly close and intense friendship."[5]
Crosland benefited from the patronage of Hugh Dalton, who, in 1951, wrote to Richard Crossman: "Thinking of Tony, with all his youth and beauty and gaiety and charm... I weep. I am more fond of that young man than I can put into words."[6] According to Nicholas Davenport,[7] Dalton's unrequited feelings for Crosland became an embarrassing joke within the Labour Party.
Crosland married Hilary Sarson in November 1952, divorcing after five years, though the marriage had effectively ended after a year. Crosland had numerous affairs with other women. He remarried on 7 February 1964 to Susan Catling, an American from Baltimore resident in London whom he had met in 1956,[8] and, in contrast to his first marriage, this was very happy and content. Susan Crosland was a successful journalist and writer. There were no children of either marriage, although Crosland's second wife had two daughters from a previous marriage.[9] He persuaded his step-daughters to abandon their elite private schools to attend Holland Park Comprehensive.[10] Susan Crosland died on 26 February 2011.[11]
Related Document
| Title | Type | Publication date | Author(s) | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Document:How CIA Money Took the Teeth Out of Socialism | book extract | May 1988 | Richard Fletcher (Author) |
References
- ↑ Document:How CIA Money Took the Teeth Out of Socialism
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20180312052615/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/10687788/Roy-Jenkins-male-lover-Tony-Crosland-tried-to-halt-his-marriage.html
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20161201140212/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/may/16/double-lives-a-history-of-sex-and-secrecy-at-westminster
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20160304203746/http://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/wales-news/string-affairs-gay-relationship-secret-6921941
- ↑ Campbell, John (2014). Roy Jenkins: A Well-Rounded Life. Jonathan Cape. p. 66.
- ↑ Bloch, Michael (2015). Closet Queens. Little, Brown. p. 230.
- ↑ Davenport, Nicholas (1974). Memoirs of a City Radical. Weidenfeld. p. 171.
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20160923005332/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2011/feb/28/susan-crosland-obituary
- ↑ Obituary, The Times, London, 21 February 1977
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20160809142651/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1322534/Forget-the-school-its-the-teaching-that-counts.html
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20110315174712/http://www.nextleft.org/2011/03/tribute-to-susan-crosland.html
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