1830

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( 1830s: )     1830
July 27: Start of the July Revolution in France
year 1830

It is known in European history as a rather tumultuous year with the Revolutions of 1830 in France, Belgium, Poland, Switzerland and Italy.

Events

January–March

• January 12–27 – Webster–Hayne debate: Robert Y. Hayne of South Carolina debates the question of states' rights vs. federal authority with Daniel Webster of Massachusetts in the United States Congress.
• February 3 – The London Protocol establishes the full independence and sovereignty of Greece from the Ottoman Empire, as the final result of the Greek War of Independence.
• March 26 – The Book of Mormon is published in Palmyra, New York.
• March 28 – The Java War ends.

April–June

• April 6 – Joseph Smith and five others organize the Church of Christ (later renamed the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints), the first formally organized church of the Latter Day Saint movement, in northwestern New York.
• May 13 – Ecuador separates from Gran Colombia.
• May 15 – The Royal Swedish Yacht Club (KSSS) is founded.
• May 28 – The United States Congress passes the Indian Removal Act, authorizing the President to negotiate with Native Americans in the United States for their removal from their ancestral homelands. This also has the effect of beginning mass destruction of bison in North America.
• June 26 – William IV succeeds his brother George IV, as King of the United Kingdom.

July–September

• July 5 – French invasion of Algiers, leading to creation of French Algeria.
• July 13 – The General Assembly's Institution (later the Scottish Church College), one of the pioneering institutions that ushers in the Bengali Renaissance, is founded by Alexander Duff and Raja Ram Mohan Roy, in Calcutta, India.ute.
• July 18 – Uruguay adopts its first constitution.
• July 20 – Greece grants citizenship to Romaniote Jews.
• July 26 – The July Revolution in France begins when people in Paris rebel against today's July Ordinances issued at Saint-Cloud by King Charles X of France.
• July 27 – "The Three Glorious Days" of the July Revolution in France begin. The Paris mob clashes with the National Guard: over the period 1,800 rioters and 300 soldiers will die.
• July 29 – "The Three Glorious Days" of the July Revolution in France end with establishment of a provisional government in Paris.
• July 31 – Charles X of France flees to the Château de Rambouillet.
• August 2 – Charles X of France abdicates the throne in favor of his grandson Henri, Count of Chambord, who never takes the throne.
• August 9 – Louis Philippe becomes King of the French.
• August 13 – The Duc de Broglie is appointed Prime Minister of France by Louis Philippe.
• August 25 – The Belgian Revolution begins in Brussels with revolts against King William I of the Netherlands.
• August 31 – Edwin Beard Budding is granted an English patent for the invention of the lawn mower.
• September 15 – Opening of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway in England, the world's first intercity passenger railway operated solely by steam locomotives.
• September 26 – Belgian Revolution: The army of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands fails to retake Brussels, a National Congress is summoned to draw up a Constitution and a Provisional Government of Belgium is established under Charles Latour Rogier.

October–December

• October 4 – Belgian Revolution: The Provisional Government in Brussels declares the creation of the independent state of Belgium.
• October – The Regeneration in Switzerland begins; more liberal constitutions are adopted in most cantons.
• November 2 – Jacques Laffitte succeeds the Duc de Broglie as Prime Minister of France.
• November 8 – Ferdinand II becomes King of the Two Sicilies.
• November 22
  • The Whig Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey succeeds Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
  • Ustertag in Switzerland: Men of the Canton of Zürich gather to demand a new constitution.
• November 29 – The Polish November Uprising begins in Warsaw against Russian rule.
• December 5 – Hector Berlioz's most famous work, Symphonie fantastique, has its world premiere in Paris.
• December 20 – The independence of Belgium is recognized by the Great Powers.

Date unknown

• 10,000 chests of opium are sold in China.
• Austins of Derry is established in Northern Ireland. Until closure in 2016, it is the world's oldest independent department store.
• The Entuzjastki society is founded in Poland.
• Sogo, a Japanese department store brand founded in Osaka, Japan, as predecessor part of Seven & I Retail Group.

 

Event

Event	Start	End
Pax Brittanica	1815	1915

 

A Death

Title	Born	Died	Place of death	Cause of death
Simón Bolívar	24 July 1783	17 December 1830	Colombia (present-day Santa Marta Gran Colombia	Poisoning

 

Births

Title	Born	Place of birth	Died	Summary	Description
Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil	3 February 1830	Hatfield UK	22 August 1903	Politician	Three time UK Prime Minister
John Swinton	12 December 1830	Scotland Saltoun	15 December 1901	Journalist Editor

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