Difference between revisions of "Fahri Korutürk"

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{{person
 
{{person
 
|wikipedia=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fahri_Korut%C3%BCrk
 
|wikipedia=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fahri_Korut%C3%BCrk
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|image=Fahri Korutürk,jpg
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|image=Fahri Korutürk.jpg
 
|birth_date=3 August 1903
 
|birth_date=3 August 1903
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|death_date=1987-10-12
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|death_date=12 October 1987
 
|constitutes=mariner, diplomat, politician
 
|constitutes=mariner, diplomat, politician
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|description=Turkish admiral, diplomat and politician who was president of Turkey 1973-1980. Presided over the 1974 Turkish Invasion of Cyprus
 
|spouses=Emel Korutürk
 
|spouses=Emel Korutürk
 
|birth_place=Constantinople, Ottoman Empire
 
|birth_place=Constantinople, Ottoman Empire
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|religion=Sunni Islam
 
|religion=Sunni Islam
 
|political_parties=Independent
 
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|children=3
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|children=Osman Korutürk
 
|employment={{job
 
|employment={{job
 
|title=President of Turkey
 
|title=President of Turkey
 
|start=6 April 1973
 
|start=6 April 1973
 
|end=6 April 1980
 
|end=6 April 1980
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}}{{job
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|title=Turkey/Ambassador/Soviet Union
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|start=1960
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|end=1964
 
}}{{job
 
}}{{job
 
|title=Commander of the Turkish Navy
 
|title=Commander of the Turkish Navy
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'''Fahri Sabit Korutürk''' was a Turkish admiral, diplomat and politician who was the [[List of presidents of Turkey|6th]] [[president of Turkey]] from 1973 to 1980. Before his presidency, he served as the [[List of commanders of the Turkish Naval Forces|3rd commander]] of the [[Turkish Naval Forces]] from 1957 to 1960. He was also a member of the [[Senate of the Republic (Turkey)|Senate of the Republic]] from 1968 to 1973 and again in 1980. Prior to his senatorship, he served as Turkey's ambassador to the [[Soviet Union]] from 1960 to 1964.<ref name=":1">https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/koruturk-fahri-sabit</ref>
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He was born in [[Istanbul]], at [[Soğukçeşme Sokağı]], a small street between [[Topkapı Palace]] and [[Hagia Sophia]]. He attended the navy cadet school in 1916, was graduated in 1923 and from the [[Turkish Naval Academy|Naval Academy]] in 1933. In 18 March 1934 after an encounter with [[Mustafa Kemal Atatürk|President Atatürk]] he was given Korutürk<ref>The verb ''koru''mak means "to protect", and refers to Atatürk's expectation of Korutürk to preserve his legacy.</ref> as his [[Surname Law (Turkey)|Surname]].<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jW9U8rXR55M</ref> Korutürk saw active service on [[cruiser]]s and [[submarine]]s and later traveled abroad as naval [[attaché]] in [[Rome]], [[Berlin]] and [[Stockholm]]. In 1936, he participated in [[Montreux Convention Regarding the Regime of the Turkish Straits]] as military advisor. He was made [[rear admiral]] in 1950 and commanded various units until he became [[admiral]].
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After his retirement in 1960 from the post of Commander of the [[Turkish Navy]], Korutürk was appointed by the Head of State [[Cemal Gürsel]] as Turkish [[ambassador]] to the [[Soviet Union]] (1960-1964) and later to [[Spain]] (1964-1965). In 1968, President [[Cevdet Sunay]] appointed him member of the [[Senate of the Republic (Turkey)|senate]]. On 6 April 1973, the [[Grand National Assembly of Turkey]] elected him the 6th [[President of Turkey|President of the Republic of Turkey]].<ref>Roger P. Nye (1977). "Civil-Military Confrontation in Turkey: The 1973 Presidential Election". ''International Journal of Middle East Studies'', 8, pp 209-228. doi:10.1017/S0020743800026957.</ref> During his term he presided over the [[Turkish Invasion of Cyprus]] after Archbishop [[Makarios III]] was ousted by the Greek officer-led [[Cypriot National Guard]].
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Korutürk served the constitutional term of seven years until 6 April 1980. [[Kenan Evren]] said that he suggested President Korutürk to occupy the office of presidency one more term through military's intervention as he was a respected figure by both military officers and parliamentarians, but he refused this offer and stated it would be unconstitutional.<ref>https://www.scribd.com/document/435785485/Kenan-Evren-Kenan-Evren-in-An%C4%B1lar%C4%B1-1</ref> Afterwards he became a [[Senate of the Republic (Turkey)|senator]] until the [[1980 Turkish coup d'état|coup d`etat in 1980]].<ref name=":0">https://web.archive.org/web/20200124042648/https://www.tccb.gov.tr/fahri-koruturk</ref><ref name=":1" />
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He married Emel Korutürk in 1944 and they had two sons and a daughter.<ref name=":0" /> Fahri Korutürk died in Moda, Istanbul. He was laid to rest in the [[Turkish State Cemetery]] in [[Ankara]].
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His son Osman Korutürk was appointed Turkey's ambassador in [[Tehran]] in October 1996. The Iranian government presented him with documents about his father that had been acquired during 1979 [[Iran hostage crisis|seizure of American embassy]]. In the documents it's said that most ambassadors serving in Soviet Union used the black market to exchange their paychecks with American dollars (which had more value among the population) while Fahri Korutürk is the only one who used [[Gosbank]] to exchange his paycheck <ref>https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/babadan-ogula-kalan-en-onurlu-armagan-3708784</ref>
 
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==References==
 
==References==
 
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Revision as of 12:34, 8 August 2022

Person.png Fahri Korutürk  Rdf-entity.pngRdf-icon.png
(mariner, diplomat, politician)
Fahri Korutürk.jpg
Born3 August 1903
Constantinople, Ottoman Empire
Died12 October 1987 (Age 84)
Istanbul, Turkey
NationalityTurkish
ReligionSunni Islam
ChildrenOsman Korutürk
SpouseEmel Korutürk
PartyIndependent
Turkish admiral, diplomat and politician who was president of Turkey 1973-1980. Presided over the 1974 Turkish Invasion of Cyprus

Employment.png President of Turkey Wikipedia-icon.png

In office
6 April 1973 - 6 April 1980
Preceded byTekin Ariburun

Employment.png Commander of the Turkish Navy

In office
12 September 1957 - 2 July 1960

Fahri Sabit Korutürk was a Turkish admiral, diplomat and politician who was the 6th president of Turkey from 1973 to 1980. Before his presidency, he served as the 3rd commander of the Turkish Naval Forces from 1957 to 1960. He was also a member of the Senate of the Republic from 1968 to 1973 and again in 1980. Prior to his senatorship, he served as Turkey's ambassador to the Soviet Union from 1960 to 1964.[1]

He was born in Istanbul, at Soğukçeşme Sokağı, a small street between Topkapı Palace and Hagia Sophia. He attended the navy cadet school in 1916, was graduated in 1923 and from the Naval Academy in 1933. In 18 March 1934 after an encounter with President Atatürk he was given Korutürk[2] as his Surname.[3] Korutürk saw active service on cruisers and submarines and later traveled abroad as naval attaché in Rome, Berlin and Stockholm. In 1936, he participated in Montreux Convention Regarding the Regime of the Turkish Straits as military advisor. He was made rear admiral in 1950 and commanded various units until he became admiral.

After his retirement in 1960 from the post of Commander of the Turkish Navy, Korutürk was appointed by the Head of State Cemal Gürsel as Turkish ambassador to the Soviet Union (1960-1964) and later to Spain (1964-1965). In 1968, President Cevdet Sunay appointed him member of the senate. On 6 April 1973, the Grand National Assembly of Turkey elected him the 6th President of the Republic of Turkey.[4] During his term he presided over the Turkish Invasion of Cyprus after Archbishop Makarios III was ousted by the Greek officer-led Cypriot National Guard.

Korutürk served the constitutional term of seven years until 6 April 1980. Kenan Evren said that he suggested President Korutürk to occupy the office of presidency one more term through military's intervention as he was a respected figure by both military officers and parliamentarians, but he refused this offer and stated it would be unconstitutional.[5] Afterwards he became a senator until the coup d`etat in 1980.[6][1]

He married Emel Korutürk in 1944 and they had two sons and a daughter.[6] Fahri Korutürk died in Moda, Istanbul. He was laid to rest in the Turkish State Cemetery in Ankara.

His son Osman Korutürk was appointed Turkey's ambassador in Tehran in October 1996. The Iranian government presented him with documents about his father that had been acquired during 1979 seizure of American embassy. In the documents it's said that most ambassadors serving in Soviet Union used the black market to exchange their paychecks with American dollars (which had more value among the population) while Fahri Korutürk is the only one who used Gosbank to exchange his paycheck [7]

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References

  1. ↑ a b https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/koruturk-fahri-sabit
  2. ↑ The verb korumak means "to protect", and refers to Atatürk's expectation of Korutürk to preserve his legacy.
  3. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jW9U8rXR55M
  4. ↑ Roger P. Nye (1977). "Civil-Military Confrontation in Turkey: The 1973 Presidential Election". International Journal of Middle East Studies, 8, pp 209-228. doi:10.1017/S0020743800026957.
  5. ↑ https://www.scribd.com/document/435785485/Kenan-Evren-Kenan-Evren-in-An%C4%B1lar%C4%B1-1
  6. ↑ a b https://web.archive.org/web/20200124042648/https://www.tccb.gov.tr/fahri-koruturk
  7. ↑ https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/babadan-ogula-kalan-en-onurlu-armagan-3708784
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