Difference between revisions of "Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani"
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|image_caption=Profited hugely from the [[Iran-Contra affair]]<ref>''[[Document:Venezuela, Iran: Trump And The Deep State]]''</ref> | |image_caption=Profited hugely from the [[Iran-Contra affair]]<ref>''[[Document:Venezuela, Iran: Trump And The Deep State]]''</ref> | ||
| + | |description=Influential Iranian politician, writer and one of the founding fathers of the Islamic Republic | ||
|wikipedia=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akbar_Hashemi_Rafsanjani | |wikipedia=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akbar_Hashemi_Rafsanjani | ||
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| − | '''Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani''', often mistakenly known as ''Ali Akbar'' Hashemi Rafsanjani <ref> | + | '''Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani''', often mistakenly known as ''Ali Akbar'' Hashemi Rafsanjani <ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/08/world/middleeast/ayatollah-rafsanjani-dead.html?_r=0 </ref>; 25 August 1934 – 8 January 2017) was an influential [[Iran]]ian politician, writer and one of the founding fathers of the Islamic Republic who was the fourth [[President of Iran]] from 3 August 1989 until 3 August 1997. He was the head of the [[Assembly of Experts]] from 2007 until 2011, when he decided not to nominate himself for the post.<ref>''[http://www.indianexpress.com/story/214628.html "In Rafsanjani’s election to key post, Iran moderates see victory"]'' Indian Express, 6 September 2007</ref><ref>''[http://www.rferl.org/content/iran_rafsanjani_assembly_of_experts/2331272.html "Iran's Rafsanjani Loses Key Post On Assembly Of Experts"]'' Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, 8 March 2011</ref> He was also the chairman of the [[Expediency Discernment Council]]. |
| − | During the final years of the [[Iran–Iraq War]], Rafsanjani was the ''de facto'' commander-in-chief of the [[Iran]]ian military. He was elected chairman of the [[Iran]]ian parliament in 1980, serving until 1989. He played an important role in the choice of [[Ali Khamenei]] as Supreme Leader.<ref> | + | During the final years of the [[Iran–Iraq War]], Rafsanjani was the ''de facto'' commander-in-chief of the [[Iran]]ian military. He was elected chairman of the [[Iran]]ian parliament in 1980, serving until 1989. He played an important role in the choice of [[Ali Khamenei]] as Supreme Leader.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/may/16/iran-election-rafsanjani-defends-decision-stand</ref> |
| − | Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani became [[President of Iran]] after winning the 1989 election and served another term by winning the 1993 election. In the 2005 election he ran for a third term in office, placing first in the first round of elections but ultimately losing to rival [[Mahmoud Ahmadinejad]] in the run-off. He and his family faced political isolation for their support of the opposition in 2009. Rafsanjani entered the race for the 2013 presidential election,<ref> | + | Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani became [[President of Iran]] after winning the 1989 election and served another term by winning the 1993 election. In the 2005 election he ran for a third term in office, placing first in the first round of elections but ultimately losing to rival [[Mahmoud Ahmadinejad]] in the run-off. He and his family faced political isolation for their support of the opposition in 2009. Rafsanjani entered the race for the 2013 presidential election,<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20130611094437/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/iran-politicians-register-presidential-race </ref> but he was disqualified by the [[Guardian Council]]. With [[Hassan Rouhani]]'s election, in which Rafsanjani openly supported him, the Rafsanjani family gradually recovered their political reputation. Rafsanjani died following a heart attack on 8 January 2017 in a hospital in [[Tehran]] at the age of 82.<ref>https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-38548591</ref><ref>http://www.foxnews.com/world/2017/01/08/former-iranian-president-akbar-hashemi-rafsanjani-dead.html</ref><ref>http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/01/iran-president-hashemi-rafsanjani-dies-82-170108163407762.html</ref> |
| − | Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani has been described as having been a pragmatic [[Islamic]] [[conservative]]. ''[[The Economist]]'' called him a "veteran kingmaker".<ref> | + | Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani has been described as having been a pragmatic [[Islamic]] [[conservative]]. ''[[The Economist]]'' called him a "veteran kingmaker".<ref>https://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21699462-supreme-leader-clipping-wings-reformist-president-whos</ref> He supported a free market position domestically, favouring [[privatisation]] of state-owned industries and a moderate position internationally, seeking to avoid conflict with the [[United States]] and the West.<ref>RK Ramazani ''Revolutionary Iran: Challenge and Response in the Middle East', The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1987.</ref> He was also founder and one of the Board of Trustees of Azad University. In 2003, ''[[Forbes]]'' estimated his personal wealth to be in excess of USD$1 billion.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/08/world/middleeast/ayatollah-rafsanjani-dead.html?_r=0 </ref> |
{{SMWDocs}} | {{SMWDocs}} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 06:36, 7 August 2021
 Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani    (politician) | |
|---|---|
 Profited hugely from the Iran-Contra affair[1] | |
Influential Iranian politician, writer and one of the founding fathers of the Islamic Republic |
Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, often mistakenly known as Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani [2]; 25 August 1934 – 8 January 2017) was an influential Iranian politician, writer and one of the founding fathers of the Islamic Republic who was the fourth President of Iran from 3 August 1989 until 3 August 1997. He was the head of the Assembly of Experts from 2007 until 2011, when he decided not to nominate himself for the post.[3][4] He was also the chairman of the Expediency Discernment Council.
During the final years of the Iran–Iraq War, Rafsanjani was the de facto commander-in-chief of the Iranian military. He was elected chairman of the Iranian parliament in 1980, serving until 1989. He played an important role in the choice of Ali Khamenei as Supreme Leader.[5]
Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani became President of Iran after winning the 1989 election and served another term by winning the 1993 election. In the 2005 election he ran for a third term in office, placing first in the first round of elections but ultimately losing to rival Mahmoud Ahmadinejad in the run-off. He and his family faced political isolation for their support of the opposition in 2009. Rafsanjani entered the race for the 2013 presidential election,[6] but he was disqualified by the Guardian Council. With Hassan Rouhani's election, in which Rafsanjani openly supported him, the Rafsanjani family gradually recovered their political reputation. Rafsanjani died following a heart attack on 8 January 2017 in a hospital in Tehran at the age of 82.[7][8][9]
Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani has been described as having been a pragmatic Islamic conservative. The Economist called him a "veteran kingmaker".[10] He supported a free market position domestically, favouring privatisation of state-owned industries and a moderate position internationally, seeking to avoid conflict with the United States and the West.[11] He was also founder and one of the Board of Trustees of Azad University. In 2003, Forbes estimated his personal wealth to be in excess of USD$1 billion.[12]
Related Document
| Title | Type | Publication date | Author(s) | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Document:Venezuela, Iran: Trump And The Deep State | Article | 22 May 2019 | Thierry Meyssan | Sheikh Hassan Rouhani was the primary contact with the Western powers during the Iran-Contra affair. He knows Elliott Abrams personally and put the US deep state in relation with Ayatollah Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, who became the richest billionaire in Iran thanks to this arms traffic. |
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References
- ↑ Document:Venezuela, Iran: Trump And The Deep State
- ↑ https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/08/world/middleeast/ayatollah-rafsanjani-dead.html?_r=0
- ↑ "In Rafsanjani’s election to key post, Iran moderates see victory" Indian Express, 6 September 2007
- ↑ "Iran's Rafsanjani Loses Key Post On Assembly Of Experts" Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, 8 March 2011
- ↑ https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/may/16/iran-election-rafsanjani-defends-decision-stand
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20130611094437/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/iran-politicians-register-presidential-race
- ↑ https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-38548591
- ↑ http://www.foxnews.com/world/2017/01/08/former-iranian-president-akbar-hashemi-rafsanjani-dead.html
- ↑ http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/01/iran-president-hashemi-rafsanjani-dies-82-170108163407762.html
- ↑ https://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21699462-supreme-leader-clipping-wings-reformist-president-whos
- ↑ RK Ramazani Revolutionary Iran: Challenge and Response in the Middle East', The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1987.
- ↑ https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/08/world/middleeast/ayatollah-rafsanjani-dead.html?_r=0
This page imported content from Wikipedia on 23 May 2019.Wikipedia is not affiliated with Wikispooks. Original page source here
