Difference between revisions of "Yitzhak Hofi"

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|birth_date= 25 January 1927 –
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|birth_place=Odessa
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|death_date=15 September 2014
 
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|description=Leader of Mossad 1974-82
 
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'''Yitzhak Hofi''' was [[director of the Mossad|director]] of the [[Mossad]].
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[[Itzhak Hofi]] (sometimes transliterated as Yitzhak Hofi or Hoffi) was head of Israel's [[Mossad]] intelligence agency from 1974 to 1982.<ref>[http://www.mossad.gov.il/Eng/About/Directors.aspx Directors], Mossad, accessed 26 July 2012.</ref>
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==Early life==
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Hofi was born in Mandate Palestine in 1927. his youthful involvement in the labour movement would later commend him to [[Yitzhak Rabin]]. He joined the [[Palmach]] and fought in the 1948 Arab-Israeli war.<ref name="EverySpy216">Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, ''Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community'', Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.216.</ref>
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==Israeli Defense Forces==
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Hofi elected to stay in the army after independence. As a paratroop commander he led a number of operations in [[Sinai]] and the [[Gaza Strip]] prior to the 1956 Arab-Israeli war.<ref name="HerzliyaBio">[http://www.herzliyaconference.org/eng/?CategoryID=114&ArticleID=703 Hoffi, Yitzhak], herzliyaconference.org, accessed 26 July 2012.</ref> in the wake of the Suez campaign, Hofi led a group of Paratroop battalion commanders who rebelled against their Brigadier, [[Ariel Sharon]], accusing him of remaining in the rear.<ref name="EverySpy256">Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, ''Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community'', Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.256.</ref>
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He later served as a planning officer during preparations for the 1967 Six Day War. As head of the Army's Northern Command during the 1973 Yom Kippur War he was credited with being one of the officers who had anticipated the conflict amid a general perception of Israeli intelligence failure, and with recapturing the Golan.<ref name="EverySpy216">Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, ''Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community'', Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.216.</ref> His last position was as Acting Chief of General Staff after the war.<ref name="HerzliyaBio">[http://www.herzliyaconference.org/eng/?CategoryID=114&ArticleID=703 Hoffi, Yitzhak], herzliyaconference.org, accessed 26 July 2012.</ref>
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==Mossad==
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Hofi was appointed head of the [[Mossad]] by [[Yitzhak Rabin]], partly because he was not seen as associated with the Yom Kippur intelligence failure. He brought a new focus on relations with Arab states, altough this was in part achieved through a relationship with Lebanese Maronites that reflected [[Mossad]]'s traditional peripheral strategy.<ref name="EverySpy216">Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, ''Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community'', Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.216.</ref>
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Hofi offered to resign when [[Menachem Begin]] became Prime Minister, but Begin gave him a key role in secret contacts with Egypt in Morocco that helped pave the way for the Camp David accords.<ref name="EverySpy220-222">Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, ''Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community'', Houghton Mifflin, 1991, pp.220-222.</ref>
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Hofi was reportedly opposed to Israel's 1981 strike on Iraq's Osirak reactor for fear it would prompt [[Iraq]] to end its war with [[Iran]] and turn on [[Israel]].<ref name="EverySpy252">Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, ''Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community'', Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.252.</ref> In the wake of the attack, he gave an unprecedented interview, saying politicians ought not to take too much credit.<ref name="EverySpy256">Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, ''Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community'', Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.256.</ref> This was an interpeted as an attack on Sharon and his links with journalist [[Uri Dan]], who called for Hofi to be sacked. Sharon himself responded by trying to work around Mossad through informal networks that became known as 'Arik's Court'.<ref name="EverySpy257">Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, ''Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community'', Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.257.</ref>
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Hofi opposed covert operations being planned independently of the Mossad by [[Ariel Sharon]] and [[David Kimche]], involving [[Reza Pahlavi]] and [[Adnan Khashoggi]].<ref name="EverySpy262">Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, ''Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community'', Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.262.</ref> he was also at odds with [[Rafi Eitan]], who Sharon had made head of [[LAKAM]].<ref name="EverySpy258">Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, ''Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community'', Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.258.</ref>
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Hofi nevertheless supported Sharon's alliance with the Lebanese Christian leader [[Bashir Gemayel]], undercutting [[Aman]]'s scepticism in the run-up to the 1982 invasion of Lebanon.<ref name="EverySpy268">Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, ''Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community'', Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.268.</ref> One of his last acts as head of Mossad was to inform Sharon that Gemayel had been killed in a car bomb attack.<ref name="EverySpy271?">Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, ''Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community'', Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.271.</ref>
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==After Mossad==
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After retiring from the Mossad, he was appointed Director-General of The [[Israel Electric Corporation]] and later assumed the chairmanship of [[Tadiran Corporation]]. He later became a director of a number of economic corporations, among them [[Bank Leumi]] and [[Migdal Insurance Company]] and a board member of several non-profit organizations. As of 2003, he was a Member of the Presidium of the Herzliya Conference.<ref name="HerzliyaBio">[http://www.herzliyaconference.org/eng/?CategoryID=114&ArticleID=703 Hoffi, Yitzhak], herzliyaconference.org, accessed 26 July 2012.</ref>
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==References==
 
==References==
 
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Revision as of 06:33, 14 May 2021

Person.png Yitzhak Hofi   PowerbaseRdf-entity.pngRdf-icon.png
(spook)
Yitzhak Hofi 1982 - 1990.jpg
Born25 January 1927 –
Odessa
Died15 September 2014 (Age 87)
NationalityIsraeli
Leader of Mossad 1974-82

Employment.png Director of The Mossad

In office
1974 - 1982
Preceded byZvi Zamir

Itzhak Hofi (sometimes transliterated as Yitzhak Hofi or Hoffi) was head of Israel's Mossad intelligence agency from 1974 to 1982.[1]

Early life

Hofi was born in Mandate Palestine in 1927. his youthful involvement in the labour movement would later commend him to Yitzhak Rabin. He joined the Palmach and fought in the 1948 Arab-Israeli war.[2]

Israeli Defense Forces

Hofi elected to stay in the army after independence. As a paratroop commander he led a number of operations in Sinai and the Gaza Strip prior to the 1956 Arab-Israeli war.[3] in the wake of the Suez campaign, Hofi led a group of Paratroop battalion commanders who rebelled against their Brigadier, Ariel Sharon, accusing him of remaining in the rear.[4]

He later served as a planning officer during preparations for the 1967 Six Day War. As head of the Army's Northern Command during the 1973 Yom Kippur War he was credited with being one of the officers who had anticipated the conflict amid a general perception of Israeli intelligence failure, and with recapturing the Golan.[2] His last position was as Acting Chief of General Staff after the war.[3]

Mossad

Hofi was appointed head of the Mossad by Yitzhak Rabin, partly because he was not seen as associated with the Yom Kippur intelligence failure. He brought a new focus on relations with Arab states, altough this was in part achieved through a relationship with Lebanese Maronites that reflected Mossad's traditional peripheral strategy.[2]

Hofi offered to resign when Menachem Begin became Prime Minister, but Begin gave him a key role in secret contacts with Egypt in Morocco that helped pave the way for the Camp David accords.[5]

Hofi was reportedly opposed to Israel's 1981 strike on Iraq's Osirak reactor for fear it would prompt Iraq to end its war with Iran and turn on Israel.[6] In the wake of the attack, he gave an unprecedented interview, saying politicians ought not to take too much credit.[4] This was an interpeted as an attack on Sharon and his links with journalist Uri Dan, who called for Hofi to be sacked. Sharon himself responded by trying to work around Mossad through informal networks that became known as 'Arik's Court'.[7]

Hofi opposed covert operations being planned independently of the Mossad by Ariel Sharon and David Kimche, involving Reza Pahlavi and Adnan Khashoggi.[8] he was also at odds with Rafi Eitan, who Sharon had made head of LAKAM.[9]

Hofi nevertheless supported Sharon's alliance with the Lebanese Christian leader Bashir Gemayel, undercutting Aman's scepticism in the run-up to the 1982 invasion of Lebanon.[10] One of his last acts as head of Mossad was to inform Sharon that Gemayel had been killed in a car bomb attack.[11]

After Mossad

After retiring from the Mossad, he was appointed Director-General of The Israel Electric Corporation and later assumed the chairmanship of Tadiran Corporation. He later became a director of a number of economic corporations, among them Bank Leumi and Migdal Insurance Company and a board member of several non-profit organizations. As of 2003, he was a Member of the Presidium of the Herzliya Conference.[3]


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References

  1. ↑ Directors, Mossad, accessed 26 July 2012.
  2. ↑ a b c Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community, Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.216.
  3. ↑ a b c Hoffi, Yitzhak, herzliyaconference.org, accessed 26 July 2012.
  4. ↑ a b Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community, Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.256.
  5. ↑ Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community, Houghton Mifflin, 1991, pp.220-222.
  6. ↑ Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community, Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.252.
  7. ↑ Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community, Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.257.
  8. ↑ Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community, Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.262.
  9. ↑ Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community, Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.258.
  10. ↑ Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community, Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.268.
  11. ↑ Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community, Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.271.
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