Difference between revisions of "Thomas Downing"

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|birth_date=1919-02-01
 
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|death_date=2001-10-23
 
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|constitutes=lawyer, politician, judge
 
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|description=Chairman of the House Select Committee on Assassinations
 
|alma_mater=Virginia Military Institute, University of Virginia
 
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|birth_place=Newport News, Virginia
 
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'''Thomas Nelms Downing''' was a lawyer, politician, and Democratic Congressman from Virginia for nine terms. Downing was one of the first to question the credibility of the [[Warren Commission]] and began a campaign for a new investigation into the assassination of [[John F. Kennedy]].
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Downing said he was certain that Kennedy had been killed as a result of a [[conspiracy]]. He believed that the deaths of [[Sam Giancana]] and [[Johnny Roselli]] were highly significant. He also believed that the [[Central Intelligence Agency]] and the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] had withheld important information from the investigation.
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==Biography==
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Downing was born and raised in [[Newport News, Virginia]].  He attended [[Newport News High School]], and graduated from [[Virginia Military Institute]] in 1940.  After serving in the [[United States Army]] from 1942 to 1946, he attended and graduated from the [[University of Virginia Law School]] in 1948. He practiced as a lawyer, as well as a substitute judge of the municipal court of [[Warwick, Virginia]].
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==Congress==
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In 1958 he was elected as a [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]] to Congress and was re-elected eight times, before declining to run in 1976. Downing served 18 years in Congress prior to retiring in 1977.<ref name=Taylor>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=7OVLAAAAIBAJ&pg=2743%2C1351861</ref>
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==House Select Committee on Assassinations==
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Downing was appointed Chairman of the [[House Select Committee on Assassinations]] by [[Carl Albert]], the [[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives]].<ref name=Taylor/> The Committee was tasked to look into evidence that was not available to the [[Warren Commission]] during its investigation of the [[assassination of John F. Kennedy]].<ref name=Taylor/> Upon his retirement from Congress in 1977, [[Louis Stokes]] succeeded Downing as Chairman.<ref name=Taylor/>
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Downing stated before<ref name=Kilpatrick>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=-qhGAAAAIBAJ&pg=4288%2C2024979|accessdate=May 15, 2013|newspaper=The Day|date=October 12, 1976</ref> and after<ref name=Taylor/> the HSCA's investigation that he believed there was a [[John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories|conspiracy to assassinate Kennedy]]. He pushed for a [[United States congressional committee#House committees|House committee]] to investigate the assassination nearly two years before its formation.<ref name="The Free Lance-Star; August 3, 1976">https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=-N9NAAAAIBAJ&pg=6091%2C3848023</ref> In August 1976, he released affidavits from two men who stated that [[Richard Nixon]] approved the plan of a right-wing Cuban exile to "eliminate" left-wing Cuban exiles after the [[Bay of Pigs invasion]].<ref name="The Free Lance-Star; August 3, 1976"/> Downing said that their statements raised the possibility that right-wing Cubans killed Kennedy.<ref name="The Free Lance-Star; August 3, 1976"/>
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Downing said that he was skeptical that [[Lee Harvey Oswald]] could accurately fire a [[bolt-action rifle]] within a short span of time, and he believed video footage of the assassination showed that Kennedy was struck from the front and the rear.<ref name=Taylor/> According to a theory provided by Downing, one which he said was without evidence and based on speculation, anti-Castro Cuban exiles killed Kennedy due to his failure to support them after the 1961 Bay of Pigs invasion.<ref name=Taylor/> Downing stated that they expected pro-Castro Cubans would be blamed for the assassination in retaliation for the attempted assassination of [[Fidel Castro]] by United States agents.<ref name=Taylor/> Downing said: "I am firmly convinced, I am sincerely convinced, that more than one person was shooting at President Kennedy in Dallas that day. It is so obvious to me."<ref name=Taylor/>
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Downing described ''[[JFK (film)|JFK]]'', [[Oliver Stone]]'s 1991 film as "not a documentary, it's entertainment,"<ref name=Taylor/> In the same interwove, Downing did not change "his sincere conviction" that more than one shooter was involved. "It's so obvious to me." <ref name=Taylor/>
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Prior to the investigation, [[James J. Kilpatrick]] described Downing as "a man of exception integrity and common sense" yet "not altogether unbiased in the matter of Kennedy's assassination".<ref name=Kilpatrick/> [[Robert P. Gemberling]], head of the FBI's investigation of the assassination for thirteen years after the release of the Warren Commission's report, said in 1976 that Downing and his successor, [[Henry B. Gonzalez]], had "preconceived [[conspiracy theories]]".<ref name="The Middlesboro Daily News">https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=JkFBAAAAIBAJ&pg=6562%2C4607514</ref>
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==Later life and death==
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He died from the complications of intestinal surgery at the age of 82, and is interred in Peninsula Memorial Park Cemetery, Newport News, Virginia.
 
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Latest revision as of 16:47, 18 June 2021

Person.png Thomas Downing   SpartacusRdf-entity.pngRdf-icon.png
(lawyer, politician, judge)
Thomas N. Downing.jpg
Born1919-02-01
Newport News, Virginia
Died2001-10-23 (Age 82)
Newport News, Virginia
Alma materVirginia Military Institute, University of Virginia
Member ofHSCA
PartyDemocratic
Chairman of the House Select Committee on Assassinations

Thomas Nelms Downing was a lawyer, politician, and Democratic Congressman from Virginia for nine terms. Downing was one of the first to question the credibility of the Warren Commission and began a campaign for a new investigation into the assassination of John F. Kennedy.

Downing said he was certain that Kennedy had been killed as a result of a conspiracy. He believed that the deaths of Sam Giancana and Johnny Roselli were highly significant. He also believed that the Central Intelligence Agency and the Federal Bureau of Investigation had withheld important information from the investigation.

Biography

Downing was born and raised in Newport News, Virginia. He attended Newport News High School, and graduated from Virginia Military Institute in 1940. After serving in the United States Army from 1942 to 1946, he attended and graduated from the University of Virginia Law School in 1948. He practiced as a lawyer, as well as a substitute judge of the municipal court of Warwick, Virginia.

Congress

In 1958 he was elected as a Democrat to Congress and was re-elected eight times, before declining to run in 1976. Downing served 18 years in Congress prior to retiring in 1977.[1]

House Select Committee on Assassinations

Downing was appointed Chairman of the House Select Committee on Assassinations by Carl Albert, the Speaker of the United States House of Representatives.[1] The Committee was tasked to look into evidence that was not available to the Warren Commission during its investigation of the assassination of John F. Kennedy.[1] Upon his retirement from Congress in 1977, Louis Stokes succeeded Downing as Chairman.[1]

Downing stated before[2] and after[1] the HSCA's investigation that he believed there was a conspiracy to assassinate Kennedy. He pushed for a House committee to investigate the assassination nearly two years before its formation.[3] In August 1976, he released affidavits from two men who stated that Richard Nixon approved the plan of a right-wing Cuban exile to "eliminate" left-wing Cuban exiles after the Bay of Pigs invasion.[3] Downing said that their statements raised the possibility that right-wing Cubans killed Kennedy.[3]

Downing said that he was skeptical that Lee Harvey Oswald could accurately fire a bolt-action rifle within a short span of time, and he believed video footage of the assassination showed that Kennedy was struck from the front and the rear.[1] According to a theory provided by Downing, one which he said was without evidence and based on speculation, anti-Castro Cuban exiles killed Kennedy due to his failure to support them after the 1961 Bay of Pigs invasion.[1] Downing stated that they expected pro-Castro Cubans would be blamed for the assassination in retaliation for the attempted assassination of Fidel Castro by United States agents.[1] Downing said: "I am firmly convinced, I am sincerely convinced, that more than one person was shooting at President Kennedy in Dallas that day. It is so obvious to me."[1]

Downing described JFK, Oliver Stone's 1991 film as "not a documentary, it's entertainment,"[1] In the same interwove, Downing did not change "his sincere conviction" that more than one shooter was involved. "It's so obvious to me." [1]

Prior to the investigation, James J. Kilpatrick described Downing as "a man of exception integrity and common sense" yet "not altogether unbiased in the matter of Kennedy's assassination".[2] Robert P. Gemberling, head of the FBI's investigation of the assassination for thirteen years after the release of the Warren Commission's report, said in 1976 that Downing and his successor, Henry B. Gonzalez, had "preconceived conspiracy theories".[4]

Later life and death

He died from the complications of intestinal surgery at the age of 82, and is interred in Peninsula Memorial Park Cemetery, Newport News, Virginia.

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References

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=7OVLAAAAIBAJ&pg=2743%2C1351861
  2. ↑ a b https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=-qhGAAAAIBAJ&pg=4288%2C2024979%7Caccessdate=May 15, 2013|newspaper=The Day|date=October 12, 1976
  3. ↑ a b c https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=-N9NAAAAIBAJ&pg=6091%2C3848023
  4. ↑ https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=JkFBAAAAIBAJ&pg=6562%2C4607514
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