Difference between revisions of "ETH Zurich"
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| − | |start= | + | |start=1855 |
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| + | |description=ETH Zurich is ranked among the top universities in the world. | ||
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| + | '''ETH Zurich''' ('''Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich'''; ''Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich'') is a [[public university|public]] [[research university]] in the city of [[Zürich]], [[Switzerland]]. Founded by the [[Swiss Federal Government]] in 1854 with the stated mission to educate engineers and scientists, the school focuses exclusively on [[science, technology, engineering, and mathematics|science, technology, engineering and mathematics]].<ref>http://www.ethistory.ethz.ch/texte/1854Bundesblatt.pdf </ref> Like its sister institution [[École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne|EPFL]], it is part of the [[ETH Domain|Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain (ETH Domain)]], part of the Swiss [[Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research]].<ref>http://www.eth-rat.ch/en/eth-board/governance-eth-domain </ref> | ||
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| + | As of November 2019, [[List of Nobel laureates by university affiliation|21 Nobel laureates]], [[List of Fields Medal winners by university affiliation|2 Fields Medalists]], [[Pritzker Architecture Prize|2 Pritzker Prize winners]], and [[List of Turing Award laureates by university affiliation|1 Turing Award winner]] have been affiliated with the Institute, including [[Albert Einstein]]. Other notable alumni include [[John von Neumann]] and [[Santiago Calatrava]]<ref>https://ethz.ch/en/the-eth-zurich/portrait.html</ref> It is a founding member of the [[IDEA League]] and the [[International Alliance of Research Universities|International Alliance of Research Universities (IARU)]] and a member of the [[CESAER Association|CESAER]] network. | ||
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| + | ==History== | ||
| + | [[File:Hundert Jahre Bilder aus der Stadt Zürich - Das Polytechnikum 1865.jpg|thumb|upright|left|''Polytechnikum'' in 1865]] | ||
| + | [[File:Sta zentrum hauptgebaeude.jpg|alt=Main building and surrounding campus.|left|thumb|249x249px|Main building and surrounding campus.]] | ||
| + | ETH Zurich was founded on 7 February 1854 by the Swiss Confederation and began giving its first lectures on 16 October 1855 as a polytechnic institute (''eidgenössische polytechnische Schule'') at various sites throughout the city of Zurich.<ref>https://www.ethz.ch/en/the-eth-zurich/portrait/history/epochs/1848-1855.html</ref> It was initially composed of six faculties: [[architecture]], [[civil engineering]], [[mechanical engineering]], [[chemistry]], [[forestry]], and an integrated department for the fields of [[mathematics]], natural sciences, literature, and social and [[political science]]s. | ||
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| + | It is locally still known as ''Polytechnikum'', or simply as ''Poly'', derived from the original name ''eidgenössische polytechnische Schule'',<ref>=http://www.ethistory.ethz.ch/</ref> which translates to "'''federal polytechnic school'''". | ||
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| + | ETH Zurich is a ''federal'' institute (i.e., under direct administration by the Swiss government), whereas the [[University of Zurich]] is a ''[[cantons of Switzerland|cantonal]]'' institution. The decision for a new federal university was heavily disputed at the time; the liberals pressed for a "federal university", while the conservative forces wanted all universities to remain under cantonal control, worried that the liberals would gain more political power than they already had.<ref>http://www.ethistory.ethz.ch/besichtigungen/epochen/debatte1/index_EN </ref> In the beginning, both universities were co-located in the buildings of the University of Zurich. | ||
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| + | From 1905 to 1908, under the presidency of [[Jérôme Franel]], the course program of ETH Zurich was restructured to that of a real university and ETH Zurich was granted the right to award doctorates. In 1909 the first doctorates were awarded. In 1911, it was given its current name, ''Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule''. In 1924, another reorganization structured the university in 12 departments. However, it now has 16 departments. | ||
| + | [[File:ETH Interior.jpg|upright|thumb|right|Interior skylights in the main building]] | ||
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| + | ETH Zurich, the EPFL, and four associated research institutes form the "''ETH Domain''" with the aim of collaborating on scientific projects.<ref>http://www.ethrat.ch/en/eth-domain/overview </ref> | ||
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{{SMWDocs}} | {{SMWDocs}} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
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Revision as of 06:14, 6 February 2021
 ETH Zurich  (University)     | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Formation | 1855 |
| Headquarters | Zurich, Switzerland |
| Type | Public |
| ETH Zurich is ranked among the top universities in the world. | |
ETH Zurich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich; Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich) is a public research university in the city of Zürich, Switzerland. Founded by the Swiss Federal Government in 1854 with the stated mission to educate engineers and scientists, the school focuses exclusively on science, technology, engineering and mathematics.[1] Like its sister institution EPFL, it is part of the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain (ETH Domain), part of the Swiss Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research.[2]
As of November 2019, 21 Nobel laureates, 2 Fields Medalists, 2 Pritzker Prize winners, and 1 Turing Award winner have been affiliated with the Institute, including Albert Einstein. Other notable alumni include John von Neumann and Santiago Calatrava[3] It is a founding member of the IDEA League and the International Alliance of Research Universities (IARU) and a member of the CESAER network.
History
ETH Zurich was founded on 7 February 1854 by the Swiss Confederation and began giving its first lectures on 16 October 1855 as a polytechnic institute (eidgenössische polytechnische Schule) at various sites throughout the city of Zurich.[4] It was initially composed of six faculties: architecture, civil engineering, mechanical engineering, chemistry, forestry, and an integrated department for the fields of mathematics, natural sciences, literature, and social and political sciences.
It is locally still known as Polytechnikum, or simply as Poly, derived from the original name eidgenössische polytechnische Schule,[5] which translates to "federal polytechnic school".
ETH Zurich is a federal institute (i.e., under direct administration by the Swiss government), whereas the University of Zurich is a cantonal institution. The decision for a new federal university was heavily disputed at the time; the liberals pressed for a "federal university", while the conservative forces wanted all universities to remain under cantonal control, worried that the liberals would gain more political power than they already had.[6] In the beginning, both universities were co-located in the buildings of the University of Zurich.
From 1905 to 1908, under the presidency of Jérôme Franel, the course program of ETH Zurich was restructured to that of a real university and ETH Zurich was granted the right to award doctorates. In 1909 the first doctorates were awarded. In 1911, it was given its current name, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule. In 1924, another reorganization structured the university in 12 departments. However, it now has 16 departments.
ETH Zurich, the EPFL, and four associated research institutes form the "ETH Domain" with the aim of collaborating on scientific projects.[7]
Alumni on Wikispooks
| Person | Born | Died | Nationality | Summary | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hans-Christian Boos | 1972 | Germany | Businessperson | Businessman and AI enthusiast. Worked with creating the infrastructure for centralized contact tracing during Covid, although his system did not get implemented. Attended Bilderberg/2019. | |
| Albert Einstein | 14 March 1879 | 18 April 1955 | Scientist | Theoretical physicist best known to the general public for his mass–energy equivalence formula E = mc2 | |
| Felix Graf | 1967 | Switzerland | Editor Businessperson | WEF/Young Global Leaders 2007. CEO of the NZZ Media Group since June 2018. | |
| Martina Hirayama | 1970 | Germany Switzerland | Politician Chemist | Swiss up-and-coming politician with a Bilderberg wind since 2019 | |
| Stephanos Manos | 20 December 1939 | Greece | Politician | Greek politician who went to the 1986, 1993 and 2001 Bilderbergs | |
| Paul H. Müller | 19 January 1918 | 2 December 2005 | Switzerland | Businessperson | Swiss business executive who attended the 1981 Bilderberg meeting. |
| Dimitrios Papalexopoulos | 1962 | Greece | Businessperson | Greek business leader and member of the Bilderberg steering committee. | |
| Johann Schneider-Ammann | 18 February 1952 | Switzerland | Politician Businessperson | Double Bilderberg Swiss President | |
| Klaus Schwab | 30 March 1938 | Germany | Academic Economist Deep state actor | German economist, Bilderberg Steering committee, World Economic Forum Board of Trustees | |
| Martin Vetterli | 4 October 1957 | Switzerland | Academic Engineer | Swiss academic who attended the 2016 Bilderberg and several WEF AGMs | |
| Hansjörg Wyss | 19 September 1935 | US Switzerland | Billionaire | Swiss/US Big Pharma billionaire. His company conducted illegal human experiments. Interested in keeping huge swathes of land free of people. Leading source of dark money to the Democratic Party |
References
- ↑ http://www.ethistory.ethz.ch/texte/1854Bundesblatt.pdf
- ↑ http://www.eth-rat.ch/en/eth-board/governance-eth-domain
- ↑ https://ethz.ch/en/the-eth-zurich/portrait.html
- ↑ https://www.ethz.ch/en/the-eth-zurich/portrait/history/epochs/1848-1855.html
- ↑ =http://www.ethistory.ethz.ch/
- ↑ http://www.ethistory.ethz.ch/besichtigungen/epochen/debatte1/index_EN
- ↑ http://www.ethrat.ch/en/eth-domain/overview
