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| + | Year '''1552''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MDLII]]''') was a [[leap year starting on Friday]] of the [[Julian calendar]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Events == | ||
| + | === January–June === | ||
| + | * [[January 15]] – [[Henry II of France]] and [[Maurice, Elector of Saxony]], sign the [[Treaty of Chambord]]. | ||
| + | * [[February 12]] – [[Pedro de Valdivia]] founds the [[Chile]]an city of [[Valdivia (city)|Valdivia]], as ''Santa María la Blanca de Valdivia''. | ||
| + | * [[February 24]] – The privileges of the [[Hanseatic League]] are abolished in [[Kingdom of England|England]]. | ||
| + | * [[March]] – The [[Act of Uniformity 1552|Act of Uniformity]] imposes the [[Protestant]] [[Book of Common Prayer]] on [[Kingdom of England|England]]. | ||
| + | * [[March 26]] – [[Guru Amar Das]] becomes the Third [[Sikh]] [[Guru]]. | ||
| + | * [[April]] – War breaks out between [[Henry II of France]] and [[Emperor Charles V]]. Henry invades the [[Duchy of Lorraine]], and captures [[Toul]], [[Metz]] and [[Verdun-sur-Meuse|Verdun]]. | ||
| + | * [[April 11]] – [[Metz Cathedral]] is consecrated. | ||
| + | * [[April 16]] – [[Pedro de Valdivia]] founds the city of [[La Imperial, Chile]]. | ||
| + | * [[May]] – [[Maurice, Elector of Saxony]], captures [[Augsburg]], and almost seizes [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor]] at [[Innsbruck]], leading to the suspension of the [[Council of Trent]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | === July–December === | ||
| + | * [[July 6]]–[[July 9]] – In Hungary, [[Drégely Castle]] is attacked by the [[Ottoman Empire]]. Captain [[György Szondy]] and c. 140 soldiers in the castle die, after 4 days of fighting against 8,000 Turkish raiders. | ||
| + | * [[August 2]] | ||
| + | ** [[John Frederick, Elector of Saxony]] and [[Philipp I of Hesse]], taken prisoner by [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles V]] in [[1546]], are released. | ||
| + | ** The [[Peace of Passau]] revokes the [[Augsburg Interim]] of [[1548]], and promises religious freedom to the [[Protestant]] princes. | ||
| + | * [[September]] – In [[Hungary]], captain [[István Dobó]] commands the breaking of the [[Siege of Eger (1552)|Siege of Eger]], led by [[Kara Ahmed Pasha]] of the [[Ottoman Empire]]. | ||
| + | * [[September 24]] – The [[Debatable Lands]] on the border of [[England]] and [[Scotland]] are divided between the two kingdoms by a commission creating the [[Scots' Dike]] in an unsuccessful attempt to halt lawlessness here, but giving both countries their modern borders. | ||
| + | * [[October 2]] – The [[Khanate of Kazan]] [[Siege of Kazan|falls to troops]] of [[Ivan IV of Russia]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Date unknown === | ||
| + | * In the [[Persian Gulf]], the [[Ottoman Empire]] Red Sea Fleet attacks the [[Portugal|Portuguese]] stronghold of [[Hormuz Island|Hormuz]], but fails to capture it.<ref>Fierro, Maribel, ed. (2010). "Chronology". The New Cambridge History of Islam, Volume 2: The Western Islamic World, Eleventh to Eighteenth Centuries. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. xxxiii. ISBN 978-0-521-83957-0. "Failed Ottoman attempt to conquer Hormuz."</ref> | ||
| + | * The [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]]'s [[Siege of Temesvar (1552)|capture]] the city of [[Temesvar]]. | ||
| + | * In [[Italy]], [[Bartolomeo Eustachi]] completes his ''Tabulae anatomicae'', presenting his discoveries on the structure of the [[inner ear]] and [[heart]],<ref>Grun, Bernard (1991). the Timetables of History (3rd ed.). New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 245</ref> although, for fear of the [[Inquisition]], it will not be published until [[1714]]. | ||
| + | * King [[Edward VI of England]] founds 35 [[Grammar schools in the United Kingdom|grammar school]]s by royal charter,<ref>Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 218–223</ref> including [[Shrewsbury School|Shrewsbury]]; [[Leeds Grammar School]] is also established. | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Births == | ||
| + | [[File:Sir Walter Ralegh by 'H' monogrammist.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Walter Raleigh]]]] | ||
| + | [[File:Rudolf2c.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Rudolph II]]]] | ||
| + | [[File:Vasili IV of Russia.PNG|thumb|110px|[[Vasili IV of Russia]]]] | ||
| + | * [[January 14]] – [[Alberico Gentili]], Italian jurist (d. [[1608]]) | ||
| + | * [[January 22]] – [[Walter Raleigh]], English explorer (d. [[1618]]) | ||
| + | * [[February 1]] – [[Edward Coke]], English colonial entrepreneur and jurist (d. [[1634]]) | ||
| + | * [[February 8]] – [[Agrippa d'Aubigné]], French poet and soldier (d. [[1630]]) | ||
| + | * [[February 19]] – [[Melchior Klesl]], Austrian statesman and cardinal (d. [[1630]]) | ||
| + | * [[February 20]] – [[Sengoku Hidehisa]], Japanese daimyō (d. [[1614]]) | ||
| + | * [[February 25]] – [[Magdalene of Lippe]], Countess of Lippe by birth, and by marriage Landgravine of Hesse-Darmstadt (d. [[1587]]) | ||
| + | * [[February 28]] – [[Joost Bürgi]], Swiss clockmaker and mathematician (d. [[1632]]) | ||
| + | * [[March 1]] – [[Anna of Cleves (1552–1632)|Anna of Cleves]], Duchess of Jülich-Cleves-Berg by birth and by marriage Countess Palatine of Neuburg (d. [[1632]]) | ||
| + | * [[March 18]] – [[Polykarp Leyser the Elder]], German theologian (d. [[1610]]) | ||
| + | * [[March 20]] – [[Christoph, Count of Hohenzollern-Haigerloch]] (d. [[1592]]) | ||
| + | * [[April 20]] – [[Frederick IV of Liegnitz]], German noble (d. [[1596]]) | ||
| + | * [[May 8]] – [[Petrus Ryff]], Swiss scientist (d. [[1629]]) | ||
| + | * [[May 12]] – [[Edmund Bowyer (died 1627)|Edmund Bowyer]], English politician (d. [[1627]]) | ||
| + | * [[June 2]] – [[Raja Wodeyar I]], King of Mysore (d. [[1617]]) | ||
| + | * [[June 8]] – [[Gabriello Chiabrera]], Italian poet (d. [[1638]]) | ||
| + | * [[June 17]] – [[John George of Ohlau]], Duke of Oława and Wołów (1586-1592) (d. [[1592]]) | ||
| + | * [[June 29]] – [[Elizabeth Spencer, Baroness Hunsdon]], English baroness (d. [[1618]]) | ||
| + | * [[July 18]] – [[Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor]] (d. [[1612]])<ref>https://www.britannica.com/biography/Rudolf-II-Holy-Roman-emperor</ref> | ||
| + | * [[July 22]] | ||
| + | ** [[Anthony Browne (1552–1592)|Anthony Browne]], Sheriff of Surrey and Kent (d. [[1592]]) | ||
| + | ** [[Mary Wriothesley, Countess of Southampton]], Lady of English peer and others (d. [[1607]]) | ||
| + | * [[August 14]] – [[Paolo Sarpi]], Italian writer (d. [[1623]]) | ||
| + | * [[August 21]] – [[Muhammad Qadiri]], Founder of the Naushahia branch of the Qadri order (d. [[1654]]) | ||
| + | * [[August 24]] – [[Lavinia Fontana]], Italian painter (d. [[1614]]) | ||
| + | * [[September 12]] – [[André Schott]], Brabantian Jesuit priest, academic, linguist, translator, editor (d. [[1629]]) | ||
| + | * [[September 20]] – [[Lorenz Scholz von Rosenau]], German botanist (d. [[1599]]) | ||
| + | * [[September 21]] – [[Barbara Longhi]], Italian painter (d. [[1638]]) | ||
| + | * [[September 22]] – Tsar [[Vasili IV of Russia]] (d. [[1612]]) | ||
| + | * [[September 27]] – [[Flaminio Scala]], Italian playwright and stage actor (d. [[1624]]) | ||
| + | * [[October 6]] – [[Matteo Ricci]], Italian Jesuit missionary to China (d. [[1610]]) | ||
| + | * [[October 11]] – [[Tsarevich Dmitry Ivanovich of Russia (1552–1553)|Tsarevich Dmitry Ivanovich of Russia]], Grand Prince of Moscow (d. [[1553]]) | ||
| + | * [[October 18]] | ||
| + | **[[Elisabeth of Saxony]], Countess Palatine of Simmern (d. [[1590]]) | ||
| + | **[[Francis Cherry (diplomat)|Francis Cherry]], English diplomat (d. [[1605]]) | ||
| + | * [[October 23]] – [[Odet de Turnèbe]], French dramatist (d. [[1581]]) | ||
| + | * [[October 28]] – [[Simón de Rojas]], Spanish saint (d. [[1624]]) | ||
| + | * [[December 18]] – [[Ahmad Ibn al-Qadi]], Moroccan writer, judge and mathematician (d. [[1616]]) | ||
| + | * [[November 20]] – [[Gilbert Talbot, 7th Earl of Shrewsbury]], English politician and Earl (d. [[1616]]) | ||
| + | * [[November 26]] – [[Seonjo of Joseon]], King of Joseon (d. [[1608]]) | ||
| + | * [[December 27]] – [[William Cavendish, 1st Earl of Devonshire]], English politician and Earl (d. [[1626]]) | ||
| + | * [[December 29]] – [[Henri I de Bourbon, prince de Condé]] (d. [[1588]]) | ||
| + | * [[December 31]] – [[Simon Forman]], English occultist and astrologer (d. [[1611]]) | ||
| + | * ''date unknown'' | ||
| + | ** [[Hans von Aachen]], German mannerist painter (d. [[1615]]) | ||
| + | ** [[Thomas Aufield]], English Catholic martyr (d. [[1585]]) | ||
| + | ** [[Jean Bertaut]], French poet (d. [[1611]]) | ||
| + | ** [[Philemon Holland]], English translator (d. [[1637]]) | ||
| + | ** [[Prince Masahito]], Japanese prince (d. [[1586]]) | ||
| + | ** [[Lady Saigō]], Japanese concubine (d. [[1589]]) | ||
| + | ** [[Dom Justo Takayama]], Japanese daimyo (d. [[1615]]) | ||
| + | ** [[Jean Hotman, Marquis de Villers-St-Paul]], French diplomat (d. [[1636]]) | ||
| + | ** [[Cvijeta Zuzorić]], Croatian poet (d. [[1648]]) | ||
| + | * ''probable'' | ||
| + | ** [[Miguel de Benavides]], Spanish clergyman and sinologist (d. [[1605]]) | ||
| + | ** [[Francisco Goméz de Sandoval y Rojas, Duke of Lerma]], Spanish politician (d. [[1625]]) | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Deaths == | ||
| + | * [[January 3]] – [[Henry of the Palatinate]], bishop of Utrecht (b. [[1487]]) | ||
| + | * [[January 10]] – [[Johann Cochlaeus]], German humanist and controversialist (b. [[1479]]) | ||
| + | * [[January 22]] – [[Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset]], English politician (b. [[1509]]) | ||
| + | * [[February 6]] – [[Henry V, Duke of Mecklenburg]] (b. [[1479]]) | ||
| + | * [[February 20]] – [[Anne Parr, Countess of Pembroke]], English countess (b. [[1515]]) | ||
| + | * [[February 26]] – [[Heinrich Faber]], German composer (b. [[1500]]) | ||
| + | * [[March 29]] – [[Guru Angad]], Indian religious leader (b. [[1504]]) | ||
| + | * [[April 19]] – [[Olaus Petri]], Swedish clergyman (b. [[1493]]) | ||
| + | * [[April 18]] – [[John Leland (antiquary)|John Leland]], English historian (b. [[1502]]) | ||
| + | * [[April 21]] – [[Petrus Apianus]], German astronomer (b. [[1495]]) | ||
| + | * [[May 26]] – [[Sebastian Münster]], German cartographer and cosmographer (b. [[1488]]) | ||
| + | * [[June 10]] – [[Alexander Barclay]], British poet (b. [[1476]]) | ||
| + | * [[July 9]] – [[György Szondy]], Hungarian soldier | ||
| + | * [[August 15]] – [[Hermann of Wied]], German Catholic archbishop (b. [[1477]]) | ||
| + | * [[September 23]] – [[Barbara of Brandenburg-Ansbach-Kulmbach]], Landgravine of Leuchtenberg (b. [[1495]]) | ||
| + | * [[October 14]] – [[Oswald Myconius]], Swiss Protestant reformer (b. [[1488]]) | ||
| + | * [[October 17]] – [[Andreas Osiander]], German Protestant theologian (b. [[1498]]) | ||
| + | * [[November 10]] – [[Günther XL, Count of Schwarzburg]] (b. [[1499]]) | ||
| + | * [[December 3]] – [[Francis Xavier]], Spanish [[Jesuit]] missionary and saint (b. [[1506]]) | ||
| + | * [[December 20]] – [[Katharina von Bora]], wife of [[Martin Luther]] (b. [[1499]]) | ||
| + | |||
{{SMWDocs}} | {{SMWDocs}} | ||
| − | {{ | + | ==References== |
| + | {{reflist}} | ||
Latest revision as of 01:08, 20 February 2021
 ( 1550s: )  1552    | |
|---|---|
| Year 1552 |
Year 1552 (MDLII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar.
Contents
Events
January–June
- January 15 – Henry II of France and Maurice, Elector of Saxony, sign the Treaty of Chambord.
- February 12 – Pedro de Valdivia founds the Chilean city of Valdivia, as Santa María la Blanca de Valdivia.
- February 24 – The privileges of the Hanseatic League are abolished in England.
- March – The Act of Uniformity imposes the Protestant Book of Common Prayer on England.
- March 26 – Guru Amar Das becomes the Third Sikh Guru.
- April – War breaks out between Henry II of France and Emperor Charles V. Henry invades the Duchy of Lorraine, and captures Toul, Metz and Verdun.
- April 11 – Metz Cathedral is consecrated.
- April 16 – Pedro de Valdivia founds the city of La Imperial, Chile.
- May – Maurice, Elector of Saxony, captures Augsburg, and almost seizes Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor at Innsbruck, leading to the suspension of the Council of Trent.
July–December
- July 6–July 9 – In Hungary, Drégely Castle is attacked by the Ottoman Empire. Captain György Szondy and c. 140 soldiers in the castle die, after 4 days of fighting against 8,000 Turkish raiders.
- August 2
- John Frederick, Elector of Saxony and Philipp I of Hesse, taken prisoner by Charles V in 1546, are released.
- The Peace of Passau revokes the Augsburg Interim of 1548, and promises religious freedom to the Protestant princes.
- September – In Hungary, captain István Dobó commands the breaking of the Siege of Eger, led by Kara Ahmed Pasha of the Ottoman Empire.
- September 24 – The Debatable Lands on the border of England and Scotland are divided between the two kingdoms by a commission creating the Scots' Dike in an unsuccessful attempt to halt lawlessness here, but giving both countries their modern borders.
- October 2 – The Khanate of Kazan falls to troops of Ivan IV of Russia.
Date unknown
- In the Persian Gulf, the Ottoman Empire Red Sea Fleet attacks the Portuguese stronghold of Hormuz, but fails to capture it.[1]
- The Ottoman's capture the city of Temesvar.
- In Italy, Bartolomeo Eustachi completes his Tabulae anatomicae, presenting his discoveries on the structure of the inner ear and heart,[2] although, for fear of the Inquisition, it will not be published until 1714.
- King Edward VI of England founds 35 grammar schools by royal charter,[3] including Shrewsbury; Leeds Grammar School is also established.
Births
- January 14 – Alberico Gentili, Italian jurist (d. 1608)
- January 22 – Walter Raleigh, English explorer (d. 1618)
- February 1 – Edward Coke, English colonial entrepreneur and jurist (d. 1634)
- February 8 – Agrippa d'Aubigné, French poet and soldier (d. 1630)
- February 19 – Melchior Klesl, Austrian statesman and cardinal (d. 1630)
- February 20 – Sengoku Hidehisa, Japanese daimyō (d. 1614)
- February 25 – Magdalene of Lippe, Countess of Lippe by birth, and by marriage Landgravine of Hesse-Darmstadt (d. 1587)
- February 28 – Joost Bürgi, Swiss clockmaker and mathematician (d. 1632)
- March 1 – Anna of Cleves, Duchess of Jülich-Cleves-Berg by birth and by marriage Countess Palatine of Neuburg (d. 1632)
- March 18 – Polykarp Leyser the Elder, German theologian (d. 1610)
- March 20 – Christoph, Count of Hohenzollern-Haigerloch (d. 1592)
- April 20 – Frederick IV of Liegnitz, German noble (d. 1596)
- May 8 – Petrus Ryff, Swiss scientist (d. 1629)
- May 12 – Edmund Bowyer, English politician (d. 1627)
- June 2 – Raja Wodeyar I, King of Mysore (d. 1617)
- June 8 – Gabriello Chiabrera, Italian poet (d. 1638)
- June 17 – John George of Ohlau, Duke of Oława and Wołów (1586-1592) (d. 1592)
- June 29 – Elizabeth Spencer, Baroness Hunsdon, English baroness (d. 1618)
- July 18 – Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1612)[4]
- July 22
- Anthony Browne, Sheriff of Surrey and Kent (d. 1592)
- Mary Wriothesley, Countess of Southampton, Lady of English peer and others (d. 1607)
- August 14 – Paolo Sarpi, Italian writer (d. 1623)
- August 21 – Muhammad Qadiri, Founder of the Naushahia branch of the Qadri order (d. 1654)
- August 24 – Lavinia Fontana, Italian painter (d. 1614)
- September 12 – André Schott, Brabantian Jesuit priest, academic, linguist, translator, editor (d. 1629)
- September 20 – Lorenz Scholz von Rosenau, German botanist (d. 1599)
- September 21 – Barbara Longhi, Italian painter (d. 1638)
- September 22 – Tsar Vasili IV of Russia (d. 1612)
- September 27 – Flaminio Scala, Italian playwright and stage actor (d. 1624)
- October 6 – Matteo Ricci, Italian Jesuit missionary to China (d. 1610)
- October 11 – Tsarevich Dmitry Ivanovich of Russia, Grand Prince of Moscow (d. 1553)
- October 18
- Elisabeth of Saxony, Countess Palatine of Simmern (d. 1590)
- Francis Cherry, English diplomat (d. 1605)
- October 23 – Odet de Turnèbe, French dramatist (d. 1581)
- October 28 – Simón de Rojas, Spanish saint (d. 1624)
- December 18 – Ahmad Ibn al-Qadi, Moroccan writer, judge and mathematician (d. 1616)
- November 20 – Gilbert Talbot, 7th Earl of Shrewsbury, English politician and Earl (d. 1616)
- November 26 – Seonjo of Joseon, King of Joseon (d. 1608)
- December 27 – William Cavendish, 1st Earl of Devonshire, English politician and Earl (d. 1626)
- December 29 – Henri I de Bourbon, prince de Condé (d. 1588)
- December 31 – Simon Forman, English occultist and astrologer (d. 1611)
- date unknown
- Hans von Aachen, German mannerist painter (d. 1615)
- Thomas Aufield, English Catholic martyr (d. 1585)
- Jean Bertaut, French poet (d. 1611)
- Philemon Holland, English translator (d. 1637)
- Prince Masahito, Japanese prince (d. 1586)
- Lady Saigō, Japanese concubine (d. 1589)
- Dom Justo Takayama, Japanese daimyo (d. 1615)
- Jean Hotman, Marquis de Villers-St-Paul, French diplomat (d. 1636)
- Cvijeta Zuzorić, Croatian poet (d. 1648)
- probable
- Miguel de Benavides, Spanish clergyman and sinologist (d. 1605)
- Francisco Goméz de Sandoval y Rojas, Duke of Lerma, Spanish politician (d. 1625)
Deaths
- January 3 – Henry of the Palatinate, bishop of Utrecht (b. 1487)
- January 10 – Johann Cochlaeus, German humanist and controversialist (b. 1479)
- January 22 – Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset, English politician (b. 1509)
- February 6 – Henry V, Duke of Mecklenburg (b. 1479)
- February 20 – Anne Parr, Countess of Pembroke, English countess (b. 1515)
- February 26 – Heinrich Faber, German composer (b. 1500)
- March 29 – Guru Angad, Indian religious leader (b. 1504)
- April 19 – Olaus Petri, Swedish clergyman (b. 1493)
- April 18 – John Leland, English historian (b. 1502)
- April 21 – Petrus Apianus, German astronomer (b. 1495)
- May 26 – Sebastian Münster, German cartographer and cosmographer (b. 1488)
- June 10 – Alexander Barclay, British poet (b. 1476)
- July 9 – György Szondy, Hungarian soldier
- August 15 – Hermann of Wied, German Catholic archbishop (b. 1477)
- September 23 – Barbara of Brandenburg-Ansbach-Kulmbach, Landgravine of Leuchtenberg (b. 1495)
- October 14 – Oswald Myconius, Swiss Protestant reformer (b. 1488)
- October 17 – Andreas Osiander, German Protestant theologian (b. 1498)
- November 10 – Günther XL, Count of Schwarzburg (b. 1499)
- December 3 – Francis Xavier, Spanish Jesuit missionary and saint (b. 1506)
- December 20 – Katharina von Bora, wife of Martin Luther (b. 1499)
New Groups
| Group | Image | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Merchant Venturers |  | Secret society | A royally chartered group of 85 rich individuals, centered on Bristol, exercising great influence over financial institutions, big media and big oil. |
| Christ's Hospital |  | School Independent | British public boarding school |
Many thanks to our Patrons who cover ~2/3 of our hosting bill. Please join them if you can.
References
- ↑ Fierro, Maribel, ed. (2010). "Chronology". The New Cambridge History of Islam, Volume 2: The Western Islamic World, Eleventh to Eighteenth Centuries. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. xxxiii. ISBN 978-0-521-83957-0. "Failed Ottoman attempt to conquer Hormuz."
- ↑ Grun, Bernard (1991). the Timetables of History (3rd ed.). New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 245
- ↑ Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 218–223
- ↑ https://www.britannica.com/biography/Rudolf-II-Holy-Roman-emperor
