Difference between revisions of "Agent provocateur"
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{{concept | {{concept | ||
|wikipedia=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agent_provocateur | |wikipedia=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agent_provocateur | ||
| − | |description=Agents provocateurs are undercover | + | |description=Agents provocateurs are undercover agents intended to incite others to commit violent and/or illegal acts. |
| + | |image=Agent provocateur boots in Qebec.jpg | ||
| + | |image_width=480px | ||
| + | |image_caption=A revealing frame from the video of the police agents provocateurs who attempted to incite violence. | ||
}} | }} | ||
| − | == | + | An '''agent provocateur''' ([[French language|French]] for "inciting agent") is a person who commits or who acts to [[Entrapment|entice another person to commit an illegal]] or rash act or falsely implicate them in partaking in an illegal act, so as to ruin the [[reputation]] or entice legal action against the target or a group they belong to. An agent provocateur may be a member of a [[law enforcement]] agency acting out of their own sense of duty or under orders, or other entity. They may target any group, such as a peaceful protest or demonstration, a union, a political party or a company. |
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| + | Prevention of infiltration by agents provocateurs, is part of the duty of demonstration [[marshal]]s, also called stewards, deployed by organizers of large or controversial assemblies.<ref>Stratfor (2004)</ref><ref name="OCSE2007">Belyaeva et al. (2007), § 7–8, 156–162</ref><ref name="Bryan06">Bryan, Dominic "[https://www.berghahnjournals.com/downloadpdf/journals/aia/13/1-2/aia131205.xml The Anthropology of Ritual: Monitoring and Stewarding Demonstrations in Northern Ireland]", ''Anthropology in Action'', Volume 13, Numbers 1–2, January 2006, pp. 22–31 (10).</ref> | ||
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| + | ==History and etymology== | ||
| + | While the practice is worldwide anciently, modern [[undercover operation]] was scaled up in France by [[Eugène François Vidocq]] in the early 19th century, and already included use of unlawful tactics against opponents. Later in the same century the police targets included union activists who came to fear plainclothed policemen (''agent de police'' in French). Hence, the French {{lang|fr|agent provocateur}} spread, just as is, to English and German. In accordance with French grammar, the plural form of the term is {{lang|fr|agents provocateurs}}. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Common usage== | ||
| + | An agent provocateur may be a police officer or a secret agent of police who encourages suspects to carry out a crime under conditions where evidence can be obtained; or who suggests the commission of a crime to another, in hopes they will go along with the suggestion and be convicted of the crime. | ||
| + | |||
| + | A political organization or government may use agents provocateurs against political opponents. The provocateurs try to incite the opponent to do counter-productive or ineffective acts to foster public disdain or provide a pretext for aggression against the opponent. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Historically, [[Labor spying in the United States|labor spies]], hired to infiltrate, monitor, disrupt, or subvert union activities, have used agent provocateur tactics. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Agent provocateur activities raise [[ethics|ethical]] and legal issues. In [[common law]] jurisdictions, the legal concept of [[entrapment]] may apply if the main impetus for the crime was the provocateur. | ||
| + | ==Modern examples== | ||
In 2009 [[Tom Brake]] MP charged that he believed that the [[Metropolitan police]] were using at least two agents provocateurs at a [[G-20]] demonstration in London.<ref>http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2009/may/10/g20-policing-agent-provacateurs</ref> | In 2009 [[Tom Brake]] MP charged that he believed that the [[Metropolitan police]] were using at least two agents provocateurs at a [[G-20]] demonstration in London.<ref>http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2009/may/10/g20-policing-agent-provacateurs</ref> | ||
| − | In 2007, [[Dave Coles]], president of the Communications Energy and Paperworkers Union was attending a peaceful protest. He detected three suspicious ' | + | ===2007 Qebec demonstration=== |
| + | In 2007, [[Dave Coles]], president of the Communications Energy and Paperworkers Union was attending a peaceful protest. He detected three suspicious 'protesters' wearing bandanas, one of whom was carrying a rock. He charged them with being agent provocateurs, and a highly compelling video of this event was posted to [[YouTube]]. The video showed that the men were wearing the same boots as the regular police officers. After initially denying the charges, the police eventually admitted that those charged were in fact undercover Quebec police officers.<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gAfzUOx53Rg</ref><ref>http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/quebec-police-admit-they-went-undercover-at-montebello-protest-1.656171</ref> | ||
{{SMWDocs}} | {{SMWDocs}} | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
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Latest revision as of 19:44, 1 February 2020
 Agent provocateur    | |
|---|---|
 A revealing frame from the video of the police agents provocateurs who attempted to incite violence. | |
| Agents provocateurs are undercover agents intended to incite others to commit violent and/or illegal acts. |
An agent provocateur (French for "inciting agent") is a person who commits or who acts to entice another person to commit an illegal or rash act or falsely implicate them in partaking in an illegal act, so as to ruin the reputation or entice legal action against the target or a group they belong to. An agent provocateur may be a member of a law enforcement agency acting out of their own sense of duty or under orders, or other entity. They may target any group, such as a peaceful protest or demonstration, a union, a political party or a company.
Prevention of infiltration by agents provocateurs, is part of the duty of demonstration marshals, also called stewards, deployed by organizers of large or controversial assemblies.[1][2][3]
Contents
History and etymology
While the practice is worldwide anciently, modern undercover operation was scaled up in France by Eugène François Vidocq in the early 19th century, and already included use of unlawful tactics against opponents. Later in the same century the police targets included union activists who came to fear plainclothed policemen (agent de police in French). Hence, the French agent provocateur spread, just as is, to English and German. In accordance with French grammar, the plural form of the term is agents provocateurs.
Common usage
An agent provocateur may be a police officer or a secret agent of police who encourages suspects to carry out a crime under conditions where evidence can be obtained; or who suggests the commission of a crime to another, in hopes they will go along with the suggestion and be convicted of the crime.
A political organization or government may use agents provocateurs against political opponents. The provocateurs try to incite the opponent to do counter-productive or ineffective acts to foster public disdain or provide a pretext for aggression against the opponent.
Historically, labor spies, hired to infiltrate, monitor, disrupt, or subvert union activities, have used agent provocateur tactics.
Agent provocateur activities raise ethical and legal issues. In common law jurisdictions, the legal concept of entrapment may apply if the main impetus for the crime was the provocateur.
Modern examples
In 2009 Tom Brake MP charged that he believed that the Metropolitan police were using at least two agents provocateurs at a G-20 demonstration in London.[4]
2007 Qebec demonstration
In 2007, Dave Coles, president of the Communications Energy and Paperworkers Union was attending a peaceful protest. He detected three suspicious 'protesters' wearing bandanas, one of whom was carrying a rock. He charged them with being agent provocateurs, and a highly compelling video of this event was posted to YouTube. The video showed that the men were wearing the same boots as the regular police officers. After initially denying the charges, the police eventually admitted that those charged were in fact undercover Quebec police officers.[5][6]
Examples
| Page name | Description |
|---|---|
| Katherine Horton | Reportedly engaged in conflict with intelligence agencies. As well as calling for exposure of the Deep State, she has repeatedly called for violence against those involved in it, leading former supporters to view her as an agent provocateur and infiltrator. |
| 'Martin Ingram' | The pseudonym of ex-British Army soldier/spook who has made a number of allegations about the conduct of the British Army in its operations in Northern Ireland. May well be an agent provocateur engaged in black propaganda aimed at damaging Sinn Féin and the wider republican movement. |
| Ali Mohamed |
Related Quotation
| Page | Quote | Author | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Francesco Cossiga | “Maroni should do what I did when I was Minister of the Interior. First, leave the high school students alone, because think what would happen if a twelve-year-old was killed or seriously injured. Let them do the university students instead. Withdraw the police force from the streets and universities, infiltrate the movement with agents provocateurs ready for anything, and let the demonstrators devastate the shops, set fire to cars and set fire to cities for ten days. After that, thanks to popular support, the sound of ambulance sirens will overwhelm that of police and carabinieri cars. In the sense that the police should massacre the protesters mercilessly and send them all to hospital. Do not arrest them, since the magistrates would immediately set them free, but beat them to a pulp, and to a pulp even those teachers who foment them. Especially the teachers. Not the old ones, of course, but the little girls teachers, yes.” | Francesco Cossiga | 2008 |
References
- ↑ Stratfor (2004)
- ↑ Belyaeva et al. (2007), § 7–8, 156–162
- ↑ Bryan, Dominic "The Anthropology of Ritual: Monitoring and Stewarding Demonstrations in Northern Ireland", Anthropology in Action, Volume 13, Numbers 1–2, January 2006, pp. 22–31 (10).
- ↑ http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2009/may/10/g20-policing-agent-provacateurs
- ↑ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gAfzUOx53Rg
- ↑ http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/quebec-police-admit-they-went-undercover-at-montebello-protest-1.656171
