Difference between revisions of "Frederick Ogilvie"
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| + | |description=Director-General of the BBC 1938-42. Ousted for alleged lack of leadership abilities. | ||
|image=Frederick Ogilvie.png | |image=Frederick Ogilvie.png | ||
|birth_date=7 February 1893 | |birth_date=7 February 1893 | ||
| − | |birth_place= | + | |birth_place=Valparaíso, Chile |
|death_date=10 June 1949 | |death_date=10 June 1949 | ||
| − | |death_place= | + | |death_place=Oxford, England |
| − | |constitutes= | + | |alma_mater=Packwood Haugh School,Clifton College,Balliol College (Oxford) |
| + | |constitutes=economist,media executive | ||
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|title=Director-General of the BBC | |title=Director-General of the BBC | ||
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| + | '''Sir Frederick Wolff Ogilvie''' was a British broadcasting executive and university administrator. Ogilvie was [[Director-General of the BBC]] from 19 July 1938 to 26 January 1942, where he firmly defended the independence of the organization. He was criticized for a lack of leadership, which led to his replacement in [[1942]] by joint Directors-General [[Cecil Graves]] and [[Robert Foot]]. He also was Vice-Chancellor of [[Queen's University Belfast]] from 1934 to 1938. He was knighted by King [[George VI]] on 10 June 1942. | ||
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| + | ==Background== | ||
| + | Ogilvie was born in February 1893 in [[Valparaíso]], [[Chile]], the youngest son of Mary Ann (née Wolff) and William Maxwell Ogilvie, an engineer from [[Harrow Weald]] in northwest London.<ref name=dnb/><ref name=WW/> His parents were of Scottish descent. Ogilvie was educated at [[Packwood Haugh School]] and [[Clifton College]],<ref>"Clifton College Register" Muirhead, J.A.O. p277: Bristol; J.W Arrowsmith for Old Cliftonian Society; April, 1948</ref> before beginning studying for a [[Literae humaniores]] degree at [[Balliol College, Oxford]] in 1911.<ref name=TimesObit/> From the beginning of his undergraduate studies, he displayed an interest in economics.<ref name=dnb/> | ||
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| + | Having gained first class in his Honour Moderations exams, Ogilvie's studies were interrupted by the start of the [[World War I|First World War]].<ref name=dnb/><ref name=WW/> He enrolled in the army two days after the announcement of war, joining as a [[second lieutenant]] in the 4th Bedfordshire Regiment.<ref name=dnb/><ref name=TimesObit/> Posted to France, he sustained serious injuries in the [[Battle of Hill 60 (Western Front)|Battle of Hill 60]] in April 1915, losing his left arm. Despite his injury, he continued in military service, rising to the rank of [[captain (armed forces)|captain]] by the time of his demobilization in 1919.<ref name=dnb/> He returned to Balliol and completed a modified version of his degree.<ref name=TimesObit/> | ||
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| + | ==Career== | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Academics=== | ||
| + | In the autumn term of 1919, he was appointed as an economics lecturer at [[Trinity College, Oxford]], becoming a [[fellow]] of the college the following year. In 1926, he was appointed Chair of Political Economy at the [[University of Edinburgh School of Economics|Management School of Economics]] at [[University of Edinburgh|Edinburgh University]]. He later acted as an economic advisor to a group of [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] [[Member of parliament|MPs]].<ref name=dnb/> | ||
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| + | In 1929 he was elected a Fellow of the [[Royal Society of Edinburgh]]. His proposers were Sir [[E. T. Whittaker|Edmund Taylor Whittaker]], [[Ralph Allan Sampson]], [[Adam Mitchell Hunter]] and [[John Edwin MacKenzie]].<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160304074135/https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp2.pdf</ref> | ||
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| + | Ogilvie was one of the first British economists to recognise the significance of tourism. He wrote on this subject in his book ''The Tourist Movement'' (1933), outlining how more expenditure on tourism could bring about faster growth in that area.{{citation needed|date=April 2014}} He also contributed articles on economics and tourism to [[Chambers's Encyclopaedia]].<ref name=dnb/> His other academic writings included contributions to the ''[[Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences]]'' and the ''[[Dictionary of National Biography]]'', as well as journals such as ''[[The Economic Journal]]'', ''[[The Scottish Historical Review]]'' and the ''[[Quarterly Review]]''.<ref name=WW/> | ||
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| + | Alongside his interest in tourism, Ogilvie had a concern for Scottish economic matters. He was a member of the [[chamber of commerce]] in Edinburgh, as well as other trade organisations from 1927, and in the 1930s was a government advisor on issues relating to youth unemployment and adult education.<ref name=dnb/><ref name=WW>"Ogilvie, Sir Frederick (Wolff), ''Who Was Who'', A & C Black; online edn, Oxford University Press. Accessed 3 April 2014.</ref> Between 1932 and 1934, he was a member of the governing body for Edinburgh University.<ref name=WW/> | ||
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| + | In 1934, he became vice-chancellor of [[Queen's University Belfast]], where he also was Professor of Political Economy. He continued at the university for four years.<ref name=dnb/> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Broadcasting=== | ||
| + | Ogilvie became the second [[Director-General of the BBC]] in 1938, following [[John Reith]], who had been instrumental in the early development of the corporation. He sat in this position until early 1942, but made little impact at the BBC,<ref name=dnb>Morris, C. R. [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/35294, "Ogilvie, Sir Frederick Wolff (1893–1949)"], ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press, 2004; online edition, October 2009, accessed 2 May 2011</ref> although an exception was recruiting [[Lindley Fraser]] to head the BBC's German service, where Fraser developed a large German audience throughout the war.<ref>"Mr Lindley Fraser", ''[[The Times]]'', 11 March 1963, p. 12</ref> Historian [[Asa Briggs]] described Ogilvie's period in office as "short, stormy and in some ways calamitous".<ref name=dnb/> R. C. Norman, who was chair of the BBC when Ogilvie was appointed, later described him as having every ability "except that of being able to manage a large organization, the one quality which was indispensable".<ref name=dnb/> Ogilvie resigned in 1942, and received a knighthood the same year.<ref name=dnb/> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Later life and death=== | ||
| + | Between 1943 and 1945, Ogilvie worked for the [[British Council]]. In 1944, he considered becoming the editor for a national newspaper, but instead became principal of [[Jesus College, Oxford]]. He made a much greater mark in this role than at the BBC, being able to draw on his experience and personal contacts to further the growth of the college.<ref name=dnb/> From 1945, he became the chair of the Tin Box Wages Council, which had been set up to regulate wages within the [[tin box]] industry.<ref name=WW/> He continued in both of these roles until his death in 1949 in London.<ref name=dnb/> Queen's University named one of its blocks of student accommodation after him.<ref> Froggatt, Richard. "Sir Frederick Ogilvie (1893 - 1949)". The Dictionary of Ulster Biography. Ulster History Circle. Retrieved 3 April 2014.</ref> | ||
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| + | ==Personal life== | ||
| + | Ogilvie had an interest in music from his childhood and became significantly involved in the [[Oxford Bach Choir]], of which he spent some time as chairman of the committee.<ref name=TimesObit>http://find.galegroup.com/ttda/infomark.do?&source=gale&prodId=TTDA&userGroupName=plymlib&tabID=T003&docPage=article&searchType=BasicSearchForm&docId=CS119621835&type=multipage&contentSet=LTO&version=1.0</ref> He also had a passion for outdoor pursuits. | ||
| + | |||
| + | In 1922, he married Mary Helen Macaulay, the daughter of Alexander Beith Macaulay, who was professor of [[apologetics]] and [[systematic theology]] at [[Trinity College, Glasgow]]. They had three sons. The oldest James Willam, was killed in an accident while climbing the [[Matterhorn]]. Another, [[Robert Maxwell Ogilvie]], followed in his father's footsteps, becoming a fellow of Balliol College in 1957.<ref name=dnb/> | ||
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| + | Four years after his death, Lady Ogilvie became principal of [[St Anne's College, Oxford]]. She died in 1990, aged 90.<ref name=dnb/> | ||
{{SMWDocs}} | {{SMWDocs}} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
| − | {{ | + | {{PageCredit |
| + | |site=Wikipedia | ||
| + | |date=12.12.2022 | ||
| + | |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Ogilvie | ||
| + | }} | ||
Latest revision as of 13:04, 13 September 2024
 Frederick Ogilvie    (economist, media executive) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 7 February 1893 Valparaíso, Chile |
| Died | 10 June 1949 (Age 56) Oxford, England |
| Nationality | UK |
| Alma mater | Packwood Haugh School, Clifton College, Balliol College (Oxford) |
Sir Frederick Wolff Ogilvie was a British broadcasting executive and university administrator. Ogilvie was Director-General of the BBC from 19 July 1938 to 26 January 1942, where he firmly defended the independence of the organization. He was criticized for a lack of leadership, which led to his replacement in 1942 by joint Directors-General Cecil Graves and Robert Foot. He also was Vice-Chancellor of Queen's University Belfast from 1934 to 1938. He was knighted by King George VI on 10 June 1942.
Contents
Background
Ogilvie was born in February 1893 in Valparaíso, Chile, the youngest son of Mary Ann (née Wolff) and William Maxwell Ogilvie, an engineer from Harrow Weald in northwest London.[1][2] His parents were of Scottish descent. Ogilvie was educated at Packwood Haugh School and Clifton College,[3] before beginning studying for a Literae humaniores degree at Balliol College, Oxford in 1911.[4] From the beginning of his undergraduate studies, he displayed an interest in economics.[1]
Having gained first class in his Honour Moderations exams, Ogilvie's studies were interrupted by the start of the First World War.[1][2] He enrolled in the army two days after the announcement of war, joining as a second lieutenant in the 4th Bedfordshire Regiment.[1][4] Posted to France, he sustained serious injuries in the Battle of Hill 60 in April 1915, losing his left arm. Despite his injury, he continued in military service, rising to the rank of captain by the time of his demobilization in 1919.[1] He returned to Balliol and completed a modified version of his degree.[4]
Career
Academics
In the autumn term of 1919, he was appointed as an economics lecturer at Trinity College, Oxford, becoming a fellow of the college the following year. In 1926, he was appointed Chair of Political Economy at the Management School of Economics at Edinburgh University. He later acted as an economic advisor to a group of Conservative MPs.[1]
In 1929 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were Sir Edmund Taylor Whittaker, Ralph Allan Sampson, Adam Mitchell Hunter and John Edwin MacKenzie.[5]
Ogilvie was one of the first British economists to recognise the significance of tourism. He wrote on this subject in his book The Tourist Movement (1933), outlining how more expenditure on tourism could bring about faster growth in that area.[citation needed] He also contributed articles on economics and tourism to Chambers's Encyclopaedia.[1] His other academic writings included contributions to the Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences and the Dictionary of National Biography, as well as journals such as The Economic Journal, The Scottish Historical Review and the Quarterly Review.[2]
Alongside his interest in tourism, Ogilvie had a concern for Scottish economic matters. He was a member of the chamber of commerce in Edinburgh, as well as other trade organisations from 1927, and in the 1930s was a government advisor on issues relating to youth unemployment and adult education.[1][2] Between 1932 and 1934, he was a member of the governing body for Edinburgh University.[2]
In 1934, he became vice-chancellor of Queen's University Belfast, where he also was Professor of Political Economy. He continued at the university for four years.[1]
Broadcasting
Ogilvie became the second Director-General of the BBC in 1938, following John Reith, who had been instrumental in the early development of the corporation. He sat in this position until early 1942, but made little impact at the BBC,[1] although an exception was recruiting Lindley Fraser to head the BBC's German service, where Fraser developed a large German audience throughout the war.[6] Historian Asa Briggs described Ogilvie's period in office as "short, stormy and in some ways calamitous".[1] R. C. Norman, who was chair of the BBC when Ogilvie was appointed, later described him as having every ability "except that of being able to manage a large organization, the one quality which was indispensable".[1] Ogilvie resigned in 1942, and received a knighthood the same year.[1]
Later life and death
Between 1943 and 1945, Ogilvie worked for the British Council. In 1944, he considered becoming the editor for a national newspaper, but instead became principal of Jesus College, Oxford. He made a much greater mark in this role than at the BBC, being able to draw on his experience and personal contacts to further the growth of the college.[1] From 1945, he became the chair of the Tin Box Wages Council, which had been set up to regulate wages within the tin box industry.[2] He continued in both of these roles until his death in 1949 in London.[1] Queen's University named one of its blocks of student accommodation after him.[7]
Personal life
Ogilvie had an interest in music from his childhood and became significantly involved in the Oxford Bach Choir, of which he spent some time as chairman of the committee.[4] He also had a passion for outdoor pursuits.
In 1922, he married Mary Helen Macaulay, the daughter of Alexander Beith Macaulay, who was professor of apologetics and systematic theology at Trinity College, Glasgow. They had three sons. The oldest James Willam, was killed in an accident while climbing the Matterhorn. Another, Robert Maxwell Ogilvie, followed in his father's footsteps, becoming a fellow of Balliol College in 1957.[1]
Four years after his death, Lady Ogilvie became principal of St Anne's College, Oxford. She died in 1990, aged 90.[1]
References
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Morris, C. R. "Ogilvie, Sir Frederick Wolff (1893–1949)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edition, October 2009, accessed 2 May 2011
- ↑ a b c d e f "Ogilvie, Sir Frederick (Wolff), Who Was Who, A & C Black; online edn, Oxford University Press. Accessed 3 April 2014.
- ↑ "Clifton College Register" Muirhead, J.A.O. p277: Bristol; J.W Arrowsmith for Old Cliftonian Society; April, 1948
- ↑ a b c d http://find.galegroup.com/ttda/infomark.do?&source=gale&prodId=TTDA&userGroupName=plymlib&tabID=T003&docPage=article&searchType=BasicSearchForm&docId=CS119621835&type=multipage&contentSet=LTO&version=1.0
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20160304074135/https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp2.pdf
- ↑ "Mr Lindley Fraser", The Times, 11 March 1963, p. 12
- ↑ Froggatt, Richard. "Sir Frederick Ogilvie (1893 - 1949)". The Dictionary of Ulster Biography. Ulster History Circle. Retrieved 3 April 2014.
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