US/Assistant Secretary of State for European and Eurasian Affairs
 US/Assistant Secretary of State for European and Eurasian Affairs   (US/Assistant Secretary of State) | |
|---|---|
| Start | 1949 |
| Interests | Europe, Eurasia |
| Website | http://www.state.gov/p/eur/ |
| Important deep state foreign policy position. | |
The Assistant Secretary of State for European and Eurasian Affairs is an important deep state position, occupied by Deep state operatives bordering on deep politicians, with close ties to the intelligence services and US grand strategists. The position holders are senior planners in the US drive for dominance over the Eurasian continent, with regime changes, military positioning, securing 'allies' in military alliances and keeping enemies weak and divided.
The Department of State later established the Assistant Secretary of State for European Affairs in 1949. This came after the Commission on Organization of the Executive Branch of Government, also known as the Hoover Commission, recommended that certain offices be upgraded to bureau level after Congress had increased the number of Assistant Secretaries of State from six to ten. On September 14, 1983, an administrative action changed the title of the incumbent to Assistant Secretary of State for European and Canadian Affairs. On January 12, 1999, the title was changed back to Assistant Secretary for European Affairs.
Officeholders
| Name | Assumed office | Left office | President served under |
|---|---|---|---|
| Assistant Secretaries of State for European Affairs | |||
| George Walbridge Perkins, Jr. | August 1, 1949 | January 31, 1953 | Harry S. Truman |
| Livingston T. Merchant | March 16, 1953 | May 6, 1956 | Dwight D. Eisenhower |
| James Williams Riddleberger | [1] | ||
| Charles Burke Elbrick | February 14, 1957 | November 16, 1958 | |
| Livingston T. Merchant | November 18, 1958[2] | August 20, 1959 | |
| Walter C. Dowling | [3] | ||
| Foy D. Kohler | December 11, 1959[4] | August 19, 1962 | Dwight D. Eisenhower and John F. Kennedy |
| William R. Tyler | September 2, 1962 | May 18, 1965 | John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson |
| John M. Leddy | June 16, 1965 | February 19, 1969 | Lyndon B. Johnson |
| Martin J. Hillenbrand | February 20, 1969 | April 30, 1972 | Richard Nixon |
| Walter John Stoessel Jr. | August 9, 1972 | January 7, 1974 | |
| Arthur A. Hartman | January 8, 1974 | June 8, 1977 | Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford |
| George S. Vest | June 16, 1977 | April 14, 1981 | Jimmy Carter |
| Lawrence Eagleburger | May 14, 1981 | January 26, 1982 | Ronald Reagan |
| Assistant Secretaries of State for European and Canadian Affairs | |||
| Richard R. Burt | February 18, 1983[5] | July 18, 1985 | Ronald Reagan |
| Rozanne L. Ridgway | July 19, 1985 | June 30, 1989[6] | |
| Raymond G. H. Seitz | August 8, 1989 | April 30, 1991 | George H. W. Bush |
| Thomas Niles | October 3, 1991 | April 1, 1993 | |
| Stephen A. Oxman | April 2, 1993 | August 15, 1994 | Bill Clinton |
| Richard Holbrooke | September 13, 1994 | February 21, 1996 | |
| John C. Kornblum | July 3, 1996 | August 1, 1997 | |
| Marc Grossman | August 5, 1997 | January 12, 1999 | |
| Assistant Secretaries of State for European Affairs | |||
| Marc Grossman | January 12, 1999 | May 31, 2000 | Bill Clinton |
| James F. Dobbins | January 4, 2001[7] | June 1, 2001[8] | Bill Clinton and George W. Bush |
| A. Elizabeth Jones | June 1, 2001 | August 8, 2001 | George W. Bush |
| Assistant Secretaries of State for European and Eurasian Affairs | |||
| A. Elizabeth Jones | August 8, 2001 | February 28, 2005 | George W. Bush |
| Daniel Fried | May 5, 2005 | January 20, 2009 | |
| Philip Gordon | May 15, 2009 | March 11, 2013 | Barack Obama |
| Victoria Nuland | September 18, 2013 | January 20, 2017 | |
| A. Wess Mitchell | October 12, 2017 | February 15, 2019 | Donald Trump |
| Philip T. Reeker (acting) | March 18, 2019 | Present | |
Office Holders on Wikispooks
| Name | From | To | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A. Wess Mitchell | 12 October 2017 | 15 February 2019 | |
| Victoria Nuland | 18 September 2013 | 25 January 2017 | |
| Philip Gordon | 15 May 2009 | 11 March 2013 | Attended Bilderberg/2010 |
| Daniel Fried | 5 May 2005 | 14 May 2009 | |
| James Dobbins | 2 January 2001 | 1 June 2001 | |
| Marc Grossman | 5 August 1997 | 31 May 2000 | |
| Ronald Asmus | 1997 | 2000 | |
| Richard Holbrooke | 13 September 1994 | 21 February 1996 | |
| Thomas Niles | 3 October 1991 | 1 April 1993 | |
| Rozanne Ridgway | 19 July 1985 | 30 June 1989 | |
| Richard Burt | 18 February 1983 | 18 July 1985 | |
| Lawrence Eagleburger | 14 May 1981 | 26 January 1982 | |
| Arthur Hartman | 8 January 1974 | 8 June 1977 | |
| Foy Kohler | 11 December 1959 | 19 August 1962 | |
| Livingston T. Merchant | 18 November 1958 | 20 August 1959 | |
| Livingston T. Merchant | 16 March 1953 | 6 May 1956 | |
| George Perkins Jr | 1 August 1949 | 31 January 1953 |
References
- ↑ Appointed on October 15, 1956; declined appointment.
- ↑ Initially commissioned during Senate recess; after confirmation by Senate, re-commissioned on January 29, 1959.
- ↑ Appointed August 26, 1959, but never took oath of office.
- ↑ Initially commissioned during Senate recess; after confirmation by Senate, re-commissioned on January 27, 1960.
- ↑ He was first nominated on May 10, 1982, but the Senate did not act on this first nomination.
- ↑ The State Department's website [1] gives the date as June 30, 1985, but given the context, this appears to be a typo for 1989.
- ↑ He had previously been nominated on September 26, 2000, but the Senate did not act on that nomination.
- ↑ https://2001-2009.state.gov/outofdate/bios/d/945.htm
