Difference between revisions of "Special access program"
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==Founder== | ==Founder== | ||
Just before [[World War]] II [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] signed Executive Order 8381, creating the three security levels for top secret programs called "Restricted", "Confidential", and "Secret".<ref>https://fas.org/irp/offdocs/eo/eo-8381.htm</ref> | Just before [[World War]] II [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] signed Executive Order 8381, creating the three security levels for top secret programs called "Restricted", "Confidential", and "Secret".<ref>https://fas.org/irp/offdocs/eo/eo-8381.htm</ref> | ||
| − | [[Truman]], [[Eisenhower]] and [[Nixon]] expanded the programs subsequently.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_access_program</ref> | + | [[Truman]], [[Eisenhower]] and [[Nixon]] expanded the programs subsequently. Nixon formally named the programs "Special Access Programs" giving it the name.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_access_program</ref> |
==Types== | ==Types== | ||
Revision as of 03:17, 30 July 2023
 Special access program  (Tradecraft, Statecraft, Classification, black project)   | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Start | 8 March 1972 |
| Abbreviation | SAP |
Special access programs in the U.S. Federal Government are security protocols that provide highly classified information with safeguards and access restrictions that exceed those for regular classified information.[1]
SAPs can range from black projects to routine but especially-sensitive operations, such as COMSEC maintenance or presidential transportation support.
Founder
Just before World War II Franklin D. Roosevelt signed Executive Order 8381, creating the three security levels for top secret programs called "Restricted", "Confidential", and "Secret".[2] Truman, Eisenhower and Nixon expanded the programs subsequently. Nixon formally named the programs "Special Access Programs" giving it the name.[3]
Types
| What Are Special Access Programs (SAPs) and What Do They Mean? - the Not Top Secret podcast |
Two types of SAP exist—acknowledged and unacknowledged. The existence of an acknowledged SAP may be publicly disclosed, but the details of the program remain classified. An unacknowledged SAP (or USAP) is made known only to authorized persons, including members of the appropriate committees of the United States Congress.
Waived SAPs are a subset of unacknowledged SAPs in the Department of Defense. These SAPs are exempt by statutory authority of the Secretary of Defense from most reporting requirements and, within the legislative branch, the only persons who are required to be informed of said SAPs are the chairpersons and ranking committee members of the:
- Senate Appropriations Committee
- Senate Armed Services Committee
- House Appropriations Committee
- House Armed Services Committee.
Oftentimes, this notification is only oral.
Compartmentalization
Compartmentalization has become a staple for big media not covering SAPs. Since Barack Obama's Executive order 13526, A SAP can only be initiated, modified, and terminated within their department or agency, and can be stay classified for as long as that agency deems it needed to.[4]
Examples
| Page name | Description |
|---|---|
| Deep Underground Military Base | Possible large bunkers or even extensive interconnected networks of bunkers hidden deep underground, mostly in the United States. |
| TR-3 Black Manta | A high-tech experimental reconnaissance black project-plane from Lockheed accused of being responsible for a few UFO sightings. |
