Difference between revisions of "1527"

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[[File:Sack of Rome of 1527 by Johannes Lingelbach 17th century.jpg|thumb|[[May 6]]: [[Spanish Empire|Spanish]] and [[Holy Roman Empire|German]] troops [[Sack of Rome (1527)|sack Rome]].]]
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Year '''1527''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MDXXVII]]''') was a [[common year starting on Tuesday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].
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== Events ==
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<onlyinclude>
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=== January&ndash;June ===
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*[[January 1]] &ndash; Croatian nobles elect [[Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor|Ferdinand I]] of Austria as [[King of Croatia]] in the Parliament on [[Cetin Castle|Cetin]].
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* [[January 5]] &ndash; [[Felix Manz]], co-founder of the Swiss [[Anabaptist]]s, is drowned in the [[Limmat]] in [[Zürich]], by the Zürich Reformed state church.
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* [[March 17]] &ndash; [[Battle of Khanwa]]: [[Babur]] defeats [[Rajput]] ruler [[Rana Sanga]]. This and two other major [[Moghul Empire|Moghul]] victories lead to their domination of northern [[India]]. [[Dhaulpur]] fort is taken by Babur.
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* [[March]]
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** [[Paracelsus]] is appointed as town physician of [[Basel]], [[Switzerland]].
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** The [[Shan States#Confederation of Shan States|Confederation of Shan States]] sack [[Inwa|Ava]], the capital of the [[Kingdom of Ava|Ava Kingdom]].
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* [[April 30]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Westminster (1527)]], an alliance during the War of the League of Cognac, is signed.
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* [[May 6]] &ndash; [[Sack of Rome (1527)|Sack of Rome]]: [[Spanish Empire|Spanish]] and [[Holy Roman Empire|German]] troops led by the [[Charles III, Duke of Bourbon|Duke of Bourbon]] sack [[Rome]], forcing [[Pope Clement VII]] to make peace with [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor]], marking the end of the [[High Renaissance]]. The Pope grows a beard in mourning.
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* [[May 16]] &ndash; In [[Florence]], the Piagnon, a group devoted to the memory of [[Girolamo Savonarola]], drive out the [[Medici]] for a second time, re-establishing the [[Republic of Florence]] until [[1530]].
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* [[June 17]] &ndash; The [[Narváez expedition]] to conquer [[Florida]] sets sail from [[Spain]].
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* [[June 17]] &ndash; The [[Protestant Reformation]] begins in [[Sweden]]. The [[Riksdag of the Estates]] in [[Västerås]] adopts [[Lutheranism]] as the [[state religion]], in place of [[Roman Catholicism]]. This results in the confiscation of church property and dissolution of Catholic convents in accordance with the [[Reduction of Gustav I of Sweden]].
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* [[June 21]] &ndash; [[Niccolò Machiavelli]], Italian historian, politician, diplomat, philosopher and humanist dies in [[Florence]], [[Italy]].
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* [[June 22]] &ndash; [[Jakarta]], current capital of [[Indonesia]], is founded as ''Jayakarta''.
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* [[June 23]] &ndash; Paracelsus burns the books of [[Avicenna]].
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=== July&ndash;December ===
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* [[August 3]] &ndash; The first known letter is sent from North America by [[John Rut]], while at [[St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador|St. John's, Newfoundland]].
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* [[August 20]] &ndash; Sixty Anabaptists meet at the [[Martyrs' Synod]] in [[Augsburg]].
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* [[August 20]] &ndash; Diet of [[Odense]] ([[Denmark]]): King [[Frederick I of Denmark|Frederick I]] declares religious tolerance for [[Lutherans]], permits marriage of priests and forbids seeking papal ''[[pallium]]'' (approval) for royal appointments of Church officials.<ref>Steffensen, Kenneth (2007). ''Scandinavia After the Fall of the Kalmar Union: a Study of Scandinavian Relations, 1523-1536''. Unpubl. M.A. Thesis, Brigham Young University.</ref><ref>Fisher, George P (1873). ''The Reformation''. Scribner.</ref>
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* [[September 27]] &ndash; [[Battle of Tarcal]]: [[Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor|Ferdinand, future Holy Roman Emperor]], defeats [[John Zápolya]] and takes over most of [[Hungary]]. John appeals to the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottomans]] for help.
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===Date unknown ===
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* The [[Spain|Spanish]] conquest of [[Guatemala]]'s highlands is completed; the first city in Guatemala, [[Ciudad Vieja]] is founded.
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* Members of the [[University of Wittenberg]] flee to [[Jena]], in fear of the [[bubonic plague]].
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* [[Bishop Vesey's Grammar School]] (at [[Sutton Coldfield]], in the [[West Midlands (county)|West Midlands]] of [[England]]) is founded by Bishop [[John Vesey]].
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* [[Sir George Monoux College]] is founded as a [[grammar school]] at [[Walthamstow]], England, by Sir [[George Monoux]], draper and Lord Mayor of London.
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* The [[Ming dynasty]] government of [[China]] greatly reduces the quotas for taking grain, severely diminishing the state's capacity to relieve famines through a previously successful [[granary]] system.
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* The second of the [[Dalecarlian rebellions]] breaks out in Sweden.</onlyinclude>
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== Births ==
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* [[March 4]] &ndash; [[Ludwig Lavater]], Swiss Reformed theologian (d. [[1586]])
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* [[March 5]] &ndash; [[Ulrich, Duke of Mecklenburg]] (d. [[1603]])
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* [[March 10]] &ndash; [[Alfonso d'Este, Lord of Montecchio]], Italian nobleman (d. [[1587]])
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* [[March 21]] &ndash; [[Hermann Finck]], German composer and music theorist (d. [[1558]])
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* [[March 28]] &ndash; [[Isabella Markham]], English courtier (d. [[1579]])
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* [[March 31]] &ndash; [[Edward Fitton, the elder]], Irish politician (d. [[1579]])
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* [[April 14]] &ndash; [[Abraham Ortelius]], Flemish cartographer and geographer (d. [[1598]])
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* {{circa}} [[May 1]] &ndash; [[Johannes Stadius]], German astronomer, astrologer, mathematician (d. [[1579]])
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* [[May 21]] &ndash; [[Philip II of Spain|Philip II]], King of Spain (d. [[1598]])
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* [[May 31]] &ndash; [[Agnes of Hesse]], German noble, by marriage, Princess of Saxony (d. [[1555]])
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* [[June 11]] &ndash; [[Anna Sophia of Prussia]], Duchess of Prussia and Duchess of Mecklenburg (d. [[1591]])
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* [[June 24]] &ndash; [[Jean Vendeville]], French law professor, Roman Catholic bishop (d. [[1592]])
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* [[July 8]] &ndash; [[Saitō Yoshitatsu]], Japanese daimyō (d. [[1561]])
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* [[July 13]] &ndash; [[John Dee (mathematician)|John Dee]], English mathematician, astronomer, and geographer (d. [[1608]])
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* [[July 31]] &ndash; [[Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor]] (d. [[1576]])
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* [[August 10]] &ndash; [[Barbara of Brandenburg, Duchess of Brieg]], German princess (d. [[1595]])
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* [[September 29]] &ndash; [[John Lesley]], Scottish bishop (d. [[1596]])
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* [[October 2]] &ndash; [[William Drury]], English politician (d. [[1579]])
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* [[October 15]] &ndash; [[Maria Manuela, Princess of Portugal]] (d. [[1545]])
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* [[October 21]] &ndash; [[Louis I, Cardinal of Guise]], French Catholic cardinal (d. [[1578]])
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* [[November 1]]
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** [[Pedro de Ribadeneira]], Spanish hagiologist (d. [[1611]])
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** [[William Brooke, 10th Baron Cobham]], English noble and politician (d. [[1597]])
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* [[November 3]] &ndash; [[Tilemann Heshusius]], Gnesio-Lutheran theologian (d. [[1588]])
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* [[November 18]] &ndash; [[Luca Cambiasi]], Italian painter (d. [[1585]])
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* [[December 6]] &ndash; [[Bernhard VIII, Count of Lippe]] (d. [[1563]])
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* [[December 23]] &ndash; [[Hugues Doneau]], French lawyer (d. [[1591]])
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* ''date unknown''
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** [[Giuseppe Arcimboldo]], Italian artist (d. [[1593]])
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** [[Luis de León]], Spanish lyric poet and mystic (d. [[1591]])
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** [[Sakuma Nobumori]], Japanese retainer and samurai (d. [[1581]])
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** [[Annibale Padovano]], Italian composer and organist (d. [[1575]])
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* ''probable''
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** [[John Dudley, 2nd Earl of Warwick]], English nobleman (d. [[1554]])
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** [[Lawrence Humphrey]], English clergyman and educator (d. [[1590]])
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== Deaths ==
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[[File:Portrait of Niccol%C3%B2 Machiavelli by Santi di Tito.jpg|thumbnail|right|110px|[[Niccolo Machiavelli]]]]
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* [[January 5]] &ndash; [[Felix Manz]], leader of the Swiss Anabaptists (executed) (b. [[1498]])
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* [[January 21]] &ndash; [[Juan de Grijalva]], Spanish conqueror (b. [[1489]])
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* [[March 14]] &ndash; [[Shwenankyawshin]], Burmese king of [[Kingdom of Ava|Ava]] (b. [[1476]])
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* [[March 17]] &ndash; [[Rana Sanga]], Indian ruler (b. [[1484]])
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* [[April 19]]
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** [[Christoph I, Margrave of Baden-Baden]] (b. [[1453]])
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** [[Henry Percy, 5th Earl of Northumberland]] (b. [[1477]])
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* April/May &ndash; Sir [[Thomas Docwra]], English Grand Prior of the Knights Hospitaller (b. [[1458]])
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* [[May 6]] &ndash; [[Charles III, Duke of Bourbon]], Count of Montpensier and Dauphin of Auvergne (b. [[1490]])
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* [[June 21]] &ndash; [[Niccolò Machiavelli]], Italian writer and statesman (b. [[1469]])
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* [[June 28]] &ndash; [[Bernardo de' Rossi]], Italian bishop (b. [[1468]])
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* [[July 28]] &ndash; [[Rodrigo de Bastidas]], Spanish conqueror and explorer (b. c. [[1460]])
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* [[September 21]] &ndash; [[Casimir, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth]], Margrave of Bayreuth (b. [[1481]])
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* [[October 27]] &ndash; [[Johann Froben]], Swiss printer and publisher (b. c. [[1460]])
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* [[November 15]] &ndash; [[Catherine of York]], English princess (b. [[1479]])
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* [[November 8]] &ndash; [[Jerome Emser]], German theologian (b. [[1477]])
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* ''date unknown'' &ndash; [[Luisa de Medrano]], Spanish scholar  (b. [[1484]])
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**[[Francesco Colonna (writer)|Francesco Colonna]], Italian Dominican priest (b. [[1433]])
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** [[Div Sultan Rumlu]], Persian military leader
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** [[Petrus Thaborita]], Frisian historian and monk (b. c. [[1450]])
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** [[Cristoforo Solari]], Italian sculptor and architect (b. c. [[1460]])
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** [[Jan "Ciężki" Tarnowski]], Polish nobleman (b. c. [[1479]])
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** [[Huayna Capac]], [[Sapa Inca]] of the Inca Empire (b. [[1493]])
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** [[Ludovico Vicentino degli Arrighi]], Italian calligrapher and type designer (b. [[1475]])
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** [[Anna Swenonis]], Swedish manuscript illuminator
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* ''probable'' &ndash; [[Jane Shore]], mistress of King [[Edward IV of England]]
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==References==
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{{reflist}}

Latest revision as of 22:53, 19 February 2021

1517 < 1518 < 1519 < 1520 < 1521 < 1522 < 1523 <1524 < 1525 < 1526 < 1527 > 1528 > 1529 > 1530 > 1531 > 1532 > 1533 > 1534 > 1535 > 1536 > 1537
Decade.png ( 1520s: )    Year.png 1527 Rdf-entity.pngRdf-icon.png
May 6: Spanish and German troops sack Rome.

Year 1527 (MDXXVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.

Events

January–June

July–December

Date unknown

Births

Deaths

Niccolo Machiavelli


 

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References

  1. ↑ Steffensen, Kenneth (2007). Scandinavia After the Fall of the Kalmar Union: a Study of Scandinavian Relations, 1523-1536. Unpubl. M.A. Thesis, Brigham Young University.
  2. ↑ Fisher, George P (1873). The Reformation. Scribner.
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