Congress for Cultural Freedom/Founding Conference

 Congress for Cultural Freedom/Founding Conference 

Date	26 June 1950 - 29 June 1950
Participants	Malcolm Muggeridge, Eugen Kogon, David Rousset, Rudolf Pechel, Luise Rinser, Fritz Molden, Per Monsen, Rémy Roure, Rudolph Brunngraber, Altiero Spinelli, Josef Czapsk, Elinor Lipper, Margaret Buber-Neumann, Boris Nicolaevsky, Arthur Koestler, Panayotis Kanellopoulous, Francois Bondy, Walter Mehrin, Ignazio Silone, Bonaventura Tecchi, Hans Kohn, Franz Borkenau, Fritz Eberhard, Hermann Kesten, Richard Lowenthal, Golo Mann, Walter Mehring, Theodor Plievier, Eugen Rosenstock-Huessy, G. A. Borgese, Sol Levitas, Nicolas Nabokov, Boris Nicolaevsky, Sergei Utechin, Salomon Schwartz, Anna Siemsen, Josef Czapski, Jerzy Giedroyc, Frantisek Kovarna, Karel Kupka, Mintauts Cakste, Sheba Strunsky, André Philip, Henri Frenay, Claude Mauriac, Jules Romains, Haakon Lie, Frode Jakobsen, Wilhelm Röpke, Hans Thirrin, Franz Josef Schoeningh, Julian Amery, Hendryk Brugmans, François Bondy, Henri Frenay, Eugen Kogon, Charles Plisnier, Denis de Rougemont, and Altiero Spinelli, Arthur Koestler, Spinelli, Ignazio Silone, Franz Borkenau, Ernst Reuter, Theodor Plievier, Sidney Hook, James Burnham, and James T. Farrel, Charles Plisnier, Ture Nerman, A.J. Ayer, Hugh Trevor-Roper, Franz Borkenau, H.J. Muller, Nicolas Nabokov, Jules Romain, Sol Levitas, Jerzy Giedroyc, Carlo Schmid, Christopher Hollis, Irving Brown, Robert Montgomery, Adolf Grimme, Alberto de Onaindi, George Schuyler, Max Yergan, German Arciniegas, Keshev Malik, Benedetto Croce, John Dewey, Karl Jaspers, Jacques Maritain, Bertrand Russell, Franz Borkenau, Karl Jaspers, John Dewey, Ignazio Silone, Jacques Maritain, James Burnham, Hugh Trevor-Roper, Arthur Schlesinger Jr., Bertrand Russell, Ernst Reuter, Raymond Aron, A. J. Ayer, Benedetto Croce, Arthur Koestler, Richard Löwenthal, Tennessee Williams, Irving Brown, Sidney Hook, James T. Farrell, Robert Montgomery, David Lilienthal, Sol Levitas, Carson McCullers, George Schulyer, Max Yergan, Herman Muller, Nicolas Nabokov, Julian Amery, A.J. Ayer, Herber Read, Harold Davis, Christopher Hollis, Peter de Mendelsohn, David Rousset, Rémy Roure, André Philip, Claude Mauriac, André Malraux, Jules Romains, Georges Altman, Guido Piovene, Altiero Spinelli, Franc Lombardi, Muzzio Mazzochi, Bonaventura Tecchi, Lawrence de Neufville, Melvin Lasky
Perpetrators	Michael Josselson, CIA
Description	Founded the Congress for Cultural Freedom

Particpants

Participants. Raymond Aron intended to attend, but may not have made it</ref>In Peter Coleman THE LIBERAL CONSPIRACY The Congress for Cultural Free&m and the Struggle for the Mind of Postwar Europe, page 21-22</ref>

 

Known Participants

17 of the 93 of the participants already have pages here:

Participant	Description
Julian Amery	MI6, deep politician who chaired Le Cercle for several years.
Raymond Aron	French sociologist who attended 3 Bilderbergs from 1957 to 1966
Irving Brown	US Trade unionist and and consigliere for the CIA who attended the 1956 Bilderberg
James Burnham	"The first neoconservative", spooky propagandist philosopher
Sidney Hook	American philosopher and anti-communist activist.
Arthur Schlesinger Jr.
Melvin Lasky	US journalist, intellectual, with suspected CIA ties
Haakon Lie	powerful party secretary for the Norwegian Labour Party from 1945 to 1969. A CIA collaborator, he was the most prominent organizer of McCarthyism in the 1950s, and set up an extensive surveillance apparatus in the Labour movement and unions.
Richard Löwenthal	A Jewish exile from Nazi Germany, he soon was attached to US and UK intelligence services. After the war became a major intellectual in the Social Democratic Party of Germany, and often consulted by the SPD’s leaders, especially Willy Brandt and Ernst Reuter. He attended the 1968 Bilderberg conference.
Fritz Molden	Austrian journalist, publisher, diplomat who attended 2 Bilderbergs in the 1950s
Malcolm Muggeridge
Lawrence de Neufville	OSS agent, recruited by John Baker into the CIA
Denis de Rougement	Attended the first 4 Bilderbergs. Promoted European federalism
Bertrand Russell	UK philosopher and pacifist
Carlo Schmid	Founder member of the Bilderberg Steering committee
Altiero Spinelli	Italian politician, referred to as one of the founding fathers of the European Union.
Hugh Trevor-Roper

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References

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