1690

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( 1690s: )     1690
Year 1690

July 11: Battle of the Boyne.

Events

January–June

• January 6 – Joseph, son of Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor, becomes King of the Romans.
• January 7 – The first recorded full peal is rung, at St Sepulchre-without-Newgate in the City of London, marking a new era in change ringing.
• January 14 – The clarinet is said to have been invented in Nuremberg, Germany.
• February 3 – The Massachusetts Bay Colony issues the first paper money in North America.
• May 20 – England passes the Act of Grace, forgiving followers of the deposed James II.
• June 14 – King William III of England (William of Orange) lands in Ireland, to confront James II.
• June 8 – Siddi general Yadi Sakat razes the Mazagon Fort in Mumbai.

July–December

• July 10 – Battle of Beachy Head (also known as the Battle of Bévéziers): The Anglo-Dutch navy is defeated by the French, giving rise to fears of a Jacobite invasion of England.
• July 11 – Battle of the Boyne, north of Dublin: King William III of England (William of Orange) defeats the deposed James II, who returns to exile in France. The rebellion in Ireland continues for a further year until the Orange army gains full control.
• July 26 – A French landing party raids and burns Teignmouth in Devon, England. However, with the loss of James II's position in Ireland, any plans for a real invasion are soon shelved, and Teignmouth is the last French attack on England.
• August 24 – In India, the fort and trading settlement of Sutanuti (which later becomes Calcutta) is founded on the Hooghly River by the English East India Company, following the signing of an Anglo-Moghul treaty.
• September 25 – The only issue of Publick Occurrences is published in Boston, Massachusetts, before being suppressed by the colonial authorities.
• October 6–12 – Massachusetts Puritans, led by Sir William Phips, besiege the city of Quebec; the siege ends in failure.
• October 8 – Great Turkish War: The Ottomans recapture Belgrade.
• November 17 – Barclays is founded in London, England.
• December – The planet Uranus is first sighted and recorded, by John Flamsteed, who mistakenly catalogues it as the star 34 Tauri.
• December 29 – An earthquake hits Ancona, in the Papal States of Italy.

Date unknown

• Serbian Patriarch Arsenije III Carnojevic leads the first of the two Great Serbian Migrations into the Habsburg Empire, following Ottoman atrocities in Kosovo.
• The Hearth Tax is abolished in Scotland, one year after its abolition in England and Wales.
• French physicist Denis Papin, while in Leipzig and having observed the mechanical power of atmospheric pressure on his 'digester', builds a working model of a reciprocating steam engine for pumping water, the first of its kind, though not efficient.
• Giovanni Domenico Cassini observes differential rotation within Jupiter's atmosphere.
• The Barrage Vauban, a defensive work in the city of Strasbourg (in present-day France), is completed.
• Possible year of the disappearance of the western part of the island of Buise, in St. Peter's Flood.

Births

• January 22 – Nicolas Lancret, French painter (d. 1743)
• February 1 – Francesco Maria Veracini, Italian composer (d. 1768)
• February 3 – Richard Rawlinson, English minister, antiquarian (d. 1755)
• February 17 – Samuel Phillips (reverend), colonial American minister, 1st Pastor of the South Church in Andover (d. 1771)
• March 18 – Christian Goldbach, Prussian mathematician (d. 1764)
• April 22 – John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville, English statesman (d. 1763)
• September 12 – Peter Dens, Belgian Catholic theologian (d. 1775)
• October 28 – Peder Tordenskjold, Norwegian naval hero (d. 1720)
• October 29 – Martin Folkes, English antiquarian (d. 1754)
• November 24 – Charles Theodore Pachelbel, German composer (d. 1750)
• November 29 – Christian Augustus of Anhalt-Zerbst, father of Catherine II of Russia (d. 1747)
• December 1 – Philip Yorke, 1st Earl of Hardwicke, Lord Chancellor of England (d. 1764)
• December 22 – Meidingu Pamheiba, King of Manipur (d. 1751)
• date unknown – Thomas Carter, Irish politician (d. 1763)

Deaths

• January 3 – Hillel ben Naphtali Zevi, Lithuanian rabbi (b. 1615)
• February 6 – Jan van Buken, Flemish painter (b. 1635)
• February 7 – Sir William Morice, 1st Baronet, English royalist statesman (b. c. 1628)
• February 9 – John Louis, Count of Nassau-Ottweiler (b. 1625)
• February 22 – Charles Le Brun, French artist (b. 1619)
• February 23 – Elizabeth Walker, English pharmacist (b. 1623)
• March 18 – Sir William Portman, 6th Baronet, English politician (b. 1643)
• April 16 – Gesina ter Borch, Dutch Golden Age painter (b. 1633)
• April 18 – Charles V, Duke of Lorraine, Austrian-born general of the Holy Roman Empire (b. 1643)
• April 20 – Duchess Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria (b. 1660)
• April 21 – Jacob de Graeff, member of the De Graeff-family from the Dutch Golden Age (b. 1642)
• April 25 – David Teniers the Younger, Flemish artist (b. 1610)
• April 28 – Étienne Le Hongre, French sculptor (b. 1628)
• May 9
  • Theodore Haak, German-born scholar (b. 1605)
  • Abraham Wright, English theological writer and deacon (b. 1611)
• May 21 – John Eliot, English Puritan missionary (b. 1604)
• May 26 – Samuel Lincoln, American colonial ancestor of Abraham Lincoln (b. 1622)
• May 27 – Giovanni Legrenzi, Italian composer (b. 1626)
• July 1
  • Frederick Schomberg, 1st Duke of Schomberg (b. 1615)
  • George Walker, Irish soldier and Anglican priest (b. 1645)
• July 21
  • Gregorio Carafa, Calabrian-born 62nd Grandmaster of the Knights Hospitaller (b. 1615)
  • Cristobal of Saint Catherine, Spanish Catholic priest (b. 1638)
• August 10 – Johannes Spilberg, Dutch painter (b. 1619)
• August 20 – Alexander von Bournonville, Flemish noble and general (b. 1616)
• September 2 – Philip William, Elector Palatine, German-born ruler (b. 1615)
• September 5 – Gottfried Welsch, German physician (b. 1618)
• October 3 – Robert Barclay, Scottish writer (b. c. 1648)
• October 7 – Jacques Savary, successful French merchant (b. 1622)
• October 9 – Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton (b. 1663)
• October 15 – Juan de Valdés Leal, Spanish painter and etcher (b. 1622)
• October 17 – Margaret Mary Alacoque, French mystic (b. 1647)
• October 20 – Sir Henry Felton, 2nd Baronet, English Member of Parliament (b. 1619)
• October 23
  • Thomas Minor, American city founder (b. 1608)
  • Antonie Waterloo, Flemish painter (b. 1609)
• October 25 – Cornelius Hazart, Dutch Jesuit priest, polemical author (b. 1617)
• October 30 – Hieronymus van Beverningh, Dutch diplomat and politician (b. 1614)
• November 3 – Nicholas Delves, English politician (b. 1618)
• November 17 – Charles de Sainte-Maure, duc de Montausier, French soldier (b. 1610)
• December 16 – Louise Elisabeth of Courland, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg (b. 1646)

 

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