Difference between revisions of "1572"

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[[File:La masacre de San Bartolomé, por François Dubois.jpg|thumbnail|right|[[August 24]]: [[St. Bartholomew's Day massacre]]]]
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Year '''1572''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MDLXXII]]''') was a [[leap year starting on Tuesday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].
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== Events ==
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=== January–June ===
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* [[January 16]] &ndash; [[Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk]], is tried for treason, for his part in the [[Ridolfi plot]] to restore [[Roman Catholic Church|Catholicism]] in England. He is executed on [[June 2]].<ref>Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 226–229</ref>
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* [[February]] &ndash; [[Harrow School]] is founded, with a royal charter from Queen [[Elizabeth I of England]].<ref>Tyerman, Christopher (2000). A History of Harrow School. Oxford University Press. pp. 8–17</ref>
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* [[February 13]] &ndash; [[Elizabeth I of England]] issues a proclamation which revokes all commissions, on account of the frauds which they had fostered.
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* [[April 1]] &ndash; [[Capture of Brielle]]: The [[Geuzen|Sea Beggars]], Netherlandish [[Calvinist]] rebels, capture the port city of [[Brielle]]. This leads to a wave of uprisings in [[Holland]] and [[Zeeland]] against Spanish [[Habsburg]] rule, leaving most of those provinces (with the exception of [[Amsterdam]]) under rebel control.
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* [[May 13]] &ndash; [[Pope Gregory XIII]] succeeds [[Pope Pius V]], as the 226th [[pope]].
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* [[June 25]] &ndash; The [[Geuzen|Sea Beggars]] capture the city of [[Gorinchem|Gorkum]]; several Roman Catholic priests are imprisoned.
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=== July&ndash;December ===
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* [[July 9]] &ndash; The [[Geuzen|Sea Beggars]] hang 19 previously imprisoned Roman Catholic priests (the ''[[Martyrs of Gorkum]]'') at [[Brielle]].
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* [[July 11]] &ndash; [[Humphrey Gilbert]] leads 1,500 volunteers from England, on an expedition to assist the Sea Beggars.<ref>Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 226–229</ref>
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* [[July 19]] &ndash; [[Wanli Emperor]] of China ascends the throne at the age of nine; he will rule for 48 years.
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* [[July 29]]&ndash;[[August 2]] &ndash; [[Battle of Molodi]]: A large [[Crimean Tatars|Crimean Tatar]]–[[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] army which invaded Russia is routed.
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* [[August 18]] &ndash; Huguenot King [[Henry IV of France|Henry III of Navarre]] marries [[Margaret of Valois]], sister of King Charles and daughter of [[Catherine de' Medici]], in a supposed attempt to reconcile Protestants and Catholics in France.
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* [[August 24]] &ndash; [[St. Bartholomew's Day massacre]]: Catholics in Paris murder thousands of Protestants, including [[Gaspard II de Coligny|Gaspard de Coligny]] and [[Petrus Ramus]], at the order of King [[Charles IX of France|Charles IX]], with Catherine de Medici's connivance. Henry of Navarre and the [[Princes of Condé|Prince of Condé]] barely escape the same fate. This brings about the [[Fourth War of Religion]] in France.
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* [[October 20]] &ndash; [[Eighty Years' War]] &ndash; [[Relief of Goes]]: Soldiers of the Spanish [[Tercio]]s wade across the estuary of the [[Scheldt]], to relieve the siege of [[Goes]] in the [[Spanish Netherlands]].
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* [[November 9]]
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**[[Siege of Sancerre]]: Catholic forces of the king lay siege to [[Sancerre]], a [[Huguenot]] stronghold in central France. The fortified city holds out for nearly eight months, without bombard artillery. This is one of the last times that slings are used in European warfare.
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**[[SN 1572|Supernova SN 1572]] is first observed in the [[constellation]] [[Cassiopeia (constellation)|Cassiopeia]], by [[Cornelius Gemma]]. [[Tycho Brahe]], who notes it two days later, will use it to challenge the prevailing view that [[star]]s do not change.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120212211818/http://www.library.otago.ac.nz/exhibitions/delights/case_eight.html</ref>  The supernova remnant remains visible through 1574.
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* [[December]] &ndash; The [[Siege of Haarlem (1572–73)|Siege of Haarlem]] is begun by the [[Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba|Duke of Alva]], Spanish commander in the Netherlands.
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* [[December 23]] &ndash; Theologian [[Johann Sylvan]] is executed in Heidelberg for his heretical Antitrinitarian beliefs.
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=== Date unknown ===
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* The [[Neo-Inca State]] in [[Vilcabamba, Peru]], the last independent remnant of the [[Inca Empire]], is conquered by Spain.
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* [[Girolamo Mercuriale]] from [[Forlì]] (Italy) writes the work {{Lang|la|De morbis cutaneis}} ("On the diseases of the skin"), the first scientific tract on [[dermatology]].
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* [[Imaginary number]]s are defined by [[Rafael Bombelli]].
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* Portugal's [[national epic]] ''[[Os Lusíadas]]'' by [[Luís de Camões]] is first published.<ref>http://www.wdl.org/en/item/11198/</ref>
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* [[Georg Braun]] begins publication of his urban [[atlas]], ''Civitates orbis terrarum'', in [[Cologne]].
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</onlyinclude>
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== Births ==
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* [[January 7]] &ndash; [[Antoine de Gaudier]], French Jesuit writer (d. [[1622]])
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* [[January 11]] &ndash; [[Elizabeth Wriothesley, Countess of Southampton]], English countess (d. [[1655]])
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* [[January 22]] &ndash; [[John Donne]] (d. [[1631]])
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* [[February 1]] &ndash; [[Ellen Marsvin]], Danish noble, landowner and county administrator (d. [[1649]])
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* [[February 14]] &ndash; [[William Cooke (of Highnam)|William Cooke]], English politician (d. [[1619]])
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* [[February 27]] &ndash; [[Francis II, Duke of Lorraine]] (d. [[1632]])
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* [[February 29]] &ndash; [[Edward Cecil, 1st Viscount Wimbledon]], English viscount (d. [[1638]])
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* [[March 4]] &ndash; [[István Esterházy (1572–1596)|István Esterházy]], Hungarian noble (d. [[1596]])
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* [[March 10]] &ndash; [[Tommaso Caracciolo]], Field Marshal of Spanish forces in the [[Thirty Years' War]] (d. [[1631]])
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* [[March 20]] &ndash; [[Otto III, Duke of Brunswick-Harburg]] (d. [[1641]])
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* [[April 4]] &ndash; [[William Strachey]], English writer (d. [[1621]])
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* [[April 14]] &ndash; [[Adam Tanner (mathematician)|Adam Tanner]], Austrian Jesuit professor of mathematics and philosophy (d. [[1632]])
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* [[May 20]] &ndash; [[John Davenant]], English Anglican bishop (d. [[1641]])
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* [[May 25]] &ndash; [[Maurice, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel]], German musician (d. [[1632]])
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* [[June 8]] &ndash; [[Honorat de Porchères Laugier]], French writer (d. [[1653]])
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* [[June 10]] &ndash; [[Henry II, Count of Reuss-Gera]], Lord of Gera, Lobenstein and Oberkranichfeld (1572–1635) (d. [[1635]])
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* [[June 11]] &ndash; [[Ben Jonson]], English dramatist (d. [[1637]])
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* [[July 16]] &ndash; [[Teimuraz I, Prince of Mukhrani]], Georgian prince (d. [[1625]])
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* [[July 25]] &ndash; [[Theodorus Schrevelius]], Dutch Golden Age writer and poet (d. [[1649]])
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* [[August 6]] &ndash; [[Fakhr-al-Din II]], Ottoman Emir of [[Chouf]] (d. [[1635]])
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* [[September 11]] &ndash; [[Daniyal (Mughal prince)|Daniyal]], Imperial Prince of the Royal House of Timur, Viceroy of Deccan (d. [[1604]])
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* [[September 27]] &ndash; [[Francis van Aarssens]], Dutch diplomat (d. [[1641]])
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* [[September 30]] &ndash; [[Denis-Simon de Marquemont]], French cardinal and archbishop (d. [[1626]])
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* [[October 27]] &ndash; [[Marie Elisabeth of France]], French princess (d. [[1578]])
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* [[November 4]] &ndash; [[William Whitmore (died 1648)|William Whitmore]], English politician (d. [[1648]])
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* [[November 7]] &ndash; [[Johannes Saeckma]], Dutch Golden Age magistrate and judge of Leeuwarden (d. [[1636]])
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* [[November 8]] &ndash; [[John Sigismund, Elector of Brandenburg]] (d. [[1619]])
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* [[November 23]] &ndash; [[Albret Skeel]], State Admiral of Denmark (d. [[1639]])
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* [[November 25]] &ndash; [[Daniel Sennert]], German physician, chemist (d. [[1637]])
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* [[December 1]] &ndash; [[Vilem Slavata of Chlum]], Czech nobleman (d. [[1652]])
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* [[December 20]] &ndash; [[Edward Russell, 3rd Earl of Bedford]], son of Sir Francis Russell (d. [[1627]])
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* [[December 22]] &ndash; [[Juan López de Agurto de la Mata]], Spanish Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Coro (later Bishop of Caracas) (1634–1637) and Bishop of Puerto Rico (1630–1634) (d. [[1637]])
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* [[December 27]] &ndash; [[Johannes Vodnianus Campanus]], Czech humanist, composer, pedagogue, poet and dramatist (d. [[1622]])
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* ''date unknown''
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** [[Johann Bayer]], German astronomer (d. [[1625]])
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** [[Alfonso de la Cueva, 1st Marquis of Bedmar]], Spanish diplomat (d. [[1655]])
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** [[Arend Dickmann]], Dutch admiral in the Polish Navy (d. [[1627]])
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** [[John Floyd (Jesuit)|John Floyd]], English Jesuit (d. [[1649]])
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** [[Regina Basilier]], German-Swedish merchant banker (d. [[1631]])
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** [[Bartholomew Gosnold]], English lawyer and explorer (d. [[1607]])
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** [[Cyril Lucaris]], Greek prelate and theologian (d. [[1637]])
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** [[James Mabbe]], English scholar and poet (d. [[1642]])
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** [[Thomas Tomkins]], Welsh composer (d. [[1656]])
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* ''probable'' &ndash; [[Giovanni Bernardino Azzolini]] or Mazzolini or Asoleni, Italian painter (d. c.[[1645]])
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== Deaths ==
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[[File:El Greco 050.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Pope Pius V]]]]
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[[File:Cranach the Younger Sigismund II Augustus.jpg|thumb|110px|King [[Sigismund II Augustus]] of Poland]]
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{{multiple image
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| align = right
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| image1 = Gorum Johannes van Hoornaar.jpg
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| width1 = 100
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| alt1 =
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| caption1 =
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| image2 = Martyrs de Gorkum.jpg
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| width2 = 100
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| alt2 =
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| caption2 =
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| footer = Saint [[John of Cologne]] and [[Martyrs of Gorkum]] died on [[July 7]], 1572
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}}
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[[File:Miguel López de Legazpi, en La Hormiga de Oro.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Miguel Lopez de Legazpi]]]]
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[[File:Gaspard de Coligny 1517 1572.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Gaspard II de Coligny|Gaspard de Coligny]]]]
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[[File:San Francisco de Borja.jpg|thumb|110px|Saint [[Francis Borgia, 4th Duke of Gandía|Francis Borgia]]]]
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* [[January 22]] &ndash; [[Henry VI, Burgrave of Plauen]] (b. [[1536]])
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* [[January 26]] &ndash; [[Pierre de Monte]], French 50th Grandmaster of the [[Knights Hospitaller]] (b. [[1499]])
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* [[February 21]] &ndash; [[Cho Shik]], Korean Confucian scholar and politician (b. [[1501]])
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* [[February 23]] &ndash; [[Pierre Certon]], French composer (b. c. [[1510]])
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* [[February 26]] &ndash; [[Pedro Agustín]], Spanish [[Roman Catholic]] bishop (b. [[1512]])
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* [[February 28]]
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** [[Aegidius Tschudi]], Swiss historian (b. [[1505]])
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** [[Catherine of Austria, Queen of Poland]] (b. [[1533]])
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** [[Udai Singh II]], King of Mewar (b. [[1522]])
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* [[March 2]] &ndash; [[Mem de Sá]], Portuguese Governor-General of Brazil (b. c. [[1500]])
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* [[March 10]] &ndash; [[William Paulet, 1st Marquess of Winchester]] (b. c. [[1483]])
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* [[March 27]] &ndash; [[Girolamo Maggi]], Italian [[Polymath|Renaissance man]] (b. c. [[1523]])
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* [[April 2]] &ndash; [[Elisabeth of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Duchess of Guelders]] (1518–1538) (b. [[1494]])
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* [[May 1]] &ndash; [[Pope Pius V]] (b. [[1504]])
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* [[May 11]] &ndash; [[Moses Isserles]], Polish Jewish rabbi and Talmudist (b. [[1530]])
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* [[June 2]] &ndash; [[Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk]] (b. [[1536]])
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* [[June 9]] &ndash; [[Jeanne d'Albret]], Queen of Navarre (b. [[1528]])
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* [[June 28]] &ndash; [[Johannes Goropius Becanus]], Dutch physician, linguist, and humanist (b. [[1519]])
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* [[July 5]] &ndash; [[Longqing Emperor]] of China (b. [[1537]])
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* [[July 7]] &ndash; King [[Sigismund II Augustus]] of Poland (b. [[1520]])
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* [[July 9]]
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** [[John of Cologne]], Dutch [[Franciscan]] friar, martyr and saint (b. [[1510]])
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** [[Martyrs of Gorkum]] (b. Dutch nationality)
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** [[Nicholas Pieck]], Dutch Franciscan friar, martyr and saint (b. [[1534]])
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* [[July 25]] &ndash; [[Isaac Luria]], Palestinian-born Jewish Kabbalist (b. [[1534]])
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* [[August 20]] &ndash; [[Miguel López de Legazpi]], Spanish conquistador (b. [[1502]])
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* [[August 24]]
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** [[Gaspard II de Coligny|Gaspard de Coligny]], French [[Protestant]] leader (b. [[1519]])
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** [[Charles de Téligny]], French soldier and diplomat (b. [[1535]])
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* [[August 26]] &ndash; [[Petrus Ramus|Pierre de la Ramée]], French humanist scholar (b. [[1515]])
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* August &ndash; [[Claude Goudimel]], French composer (b. [[1510]])
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* September &ndash; [[Denis Lambin]], French classical scholar (b. [[1520]])
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* [[September 19]] &ndash; [[Archduchess Barbara of Austria]] (b. [[1539]])
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* [[September 24]] &ndash; [[Túpac Amaru]], last of the Incas
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* [[September 30]] &ndash; [[Francis Borgia, 4th Duke of Gandía|Francis Borgia]], Italian [[Jesuit]] priest and saint (b. [[1510]])
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* [[October 24]] &ndash; [[Edward Stanley, 3rd Earl of Derby]], English politician (b. [[1508]])
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* [[October 25]] &ndash; [[Cosimo Bartoli]], Italian diplomat and writer (b. [[1503]])
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* [[October 29]] &ndash; [[John Erskine, Earl of Mar (d. 1572)|John Erskine, Earl of Mar]], regent of Scotland
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* [[November 9]] &ndash; [[Al-Mutahhar]], Imam of the Zaidi state of Yemen (b. [[1503]])
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* [[November 12]] &ndash; [[Henry of Stolberg]], German nobleman (b. [[1509]])
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* [[November 23]] &ndash; [[Bronzino|Agnolo di Cosimo (Bronzino)]], Italian artist and poet (b. [[1503]])
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* [[November 24]] &ndash; [[John Knox]], Scottish religious reformer (b. [[1513]])
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* [[December 2]] &ndash; [[Ippolito II d'Este]], Italian cardinal and statesman (b. [[1509]])
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* [[December 12]] &ndash; [[Loredana Marcello]], Venetian dogaressa and botanist
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* [[December 22]] &ndash; [[François Clouet]], French miniaturist (b. c. [[1510]])
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* ''date unknown''
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** [[Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski]], Polish scholar (b. [[1503]])
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** [[Francisco de Moraes]], Portuguese author and writer (b. [[1500]])
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** [[Yasumi Naomasa]], Japanese military commander
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** [[Stanisław Zamoyski]], Polish nobleman (b. [[1519]])
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* ''probable'' &ndash; [[Christopher Tye]], English composer and organist (b. [[1505]])
 
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==References==
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{{reflist}}

Revision as of 01:37, 20 February 2021

1562 < 1563 < 1564 < 1565 < 1566 < 1567 < 1568 <1569 < 1570 < 1571 < 1572 > 1573 > 1574 > 1575 > 1576 > 1577 > 1578 > 1579 > 1580 > 1581 > 1582
Decade.png ( 1570s: )    Year.png 1572 Rdf-entity.pngRdf-icon.png
Year 1572
August 24: St. Bartholomew's Day massacre

Year 1572 (MDLXXII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.

Events

January–June

July–December

Date unknown


Births

Deaths

Pope Pius V
King Sigismund II Augustus of Poland

Template:Multiple image

Miguel Lopez de Legazpi
Gaspard de Coligny
Saint Francis Borgia

 

A New Group

GroupImageTypeDescription
Harrow SchoolHarrow Crest.pngSchoolOne of the four boy's schools where the old British elite is raised.
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References

  1. ↑ Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 226–229
  2. ↑ Tyerman, Christopher (2000). A History of Harrow School. Oxford University Press. pp. 8–17
  3. ↑ Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 226–229
  4. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20120212211818/http://www.library.otago.ac.nz/exhibitions/delights/case_eight.html
  5. ↑ http://www.wdl.org/en/item/11198/
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