Difference between revisions of "Holodomor"
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{{event | {{event | ||
|wikipedia=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holodomor | |wikipedia=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holodomor | ||
| − | |image=Holodomor.jpg | + | |image=Petro Poroshenko visits the Memorial to Victims of Holodomor in Washington, D.C., June 2017 (8).jpg |
| − | | | + | |image_caption=Ukrainian President [[Petro Poroshenko]] visits the Memorial to Victims of Holodomor in [[Washington, D.C.]], June 2017 |
| + | |logo= | ||
|start=1932 | |start=1932 | ||
|end=1933 | |end=1933 | ||
|fatalities=8000000 | |fatalities=8000000 | ||
| − | |perpetrators= | + | |perpetrators=Soviet Union, Joseph Stalin |
| − | |description= | + | |description=According to many countries the Holodomor was a genocide |
| − | |constitutes= | + | |constitutes=famine |
}} | }} | ||
| + | [[image:Holodomor-Chicago.jpg|thumb|Front page of the Chicago American 1935. The casuality inflation had already set in.]] | ||
| + | [[image:Holodomor World recognition.png|thumb|Countries that officially recognise the Holodomor as an act of genocide (2008)]] | ||
| + | [[image:Douglas Tottle book.png|thumb|The cover of [[Douglas Tottle]]'s 1987 book]] | ||
| + | The '''Holodomor''' is a politicized term for a [[famine]] in [[Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic|Soviet Ukraine]] from 1932 to 1933. Historians are still debating the causes, extent and results of it, in what has become a highly politicized process. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Official narrative== | ||
| + | A famine in the [[Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic|Soviet Ukraine]] from 1932 to 1933 killed six to ten million [[Ukrainians]] in a deliberate genocide against the [[Ukrainian]] people. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The word ''Holodomor'' literally translated from [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]] means "death by hunger", "killing by hunger, killing by starvation",<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=xCHMFHQRNtYC&pg=PA396 396</ref> or sometimes "murder by hunger or starvation".<ref name=Fawkes>https://web.archive.org/web/20120328063049/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6179818.stm</ref> It is a [[compound (linguistics)|compound]] of the Ukrainian words <i>holod</i> =hunger; and <i>mor</i> = plague (disease). | ||
| + | |||
| + | The word was deliberately created after the [[Second World War]]{{when}} to hitchhike on its more famous German cousin. The famine became a rallying point for Ukrainian nationalism, both during the [[Cold War]] and especially after the coup and tensions with Russia after 2014. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==First Reporting== | ||
| + | The roots of the famine-genocide campaign lay in a series of articles written by "noted journalist, traveller and student of Russian affairs" [[Thomas Walker]] for the [[Hearst press]] in [[1935]]. The articles described the horrific famine of 1932-33 in Ukraine, while photographs, accompanying the stories, portrayed desperate victims of the famine. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The material and the photographs were truly impressive, but, as it turned out later "noted" journalist Thomas Walker had never visited Ukraine in 1932-1933, furthermore, he never existed.<ref>https://sputniknews.com/politics/201510191028730561-holodomor-hoax-invented-hitler-west/</ref> As for the photographs, US investigative journalists revealed in 1935 that some of them were taken in war-torn areas of Europe just after the [[First World War]], others depicted the Volga famine victims of 1921-1922 in Russia. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==The numbers game== | ||
| + | The Russian Empire had suffered from periodic devastating [[famines]] since the end of 19th century, long before [[Bolsheviks]] came to power in [[1917]]. Then there was a series of famines in 1920-21, 1924, 1927 and 1928. The 1933 famine, the last in the [[Soviet Union]], happened not just in the [[Ukraine]], but also in the Lower Volga and the [[North Caucasus]]. According to some estimates, during the famine of 1932-1933 about three million people died (both from famine and epidemics) in the USSR, while one third of them died in Ukraine. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Because of [[Cold War]] needs, the number of "Holodomor"-victims grew by leaps and bounds and reached almost ten million people. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Eventually, in 1986 British writer [[Robert Conquest]] published a book entitled "Harvest of Sorrow: Soviet Collectivization and the Terror Famine." Conquest's book, a former employee of the IRD ([[Information Research Department]]) — the British Secret Service disinformation project aimed against Soviet Russia — bore little, if any, relation to reality. | ||
| + | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
{{SMWDocs}} | {{SMWDocs}} | ||
| − | |||
Latest revision as of 05:43, 25 July 2021
.jpg) Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko visits the Memorial to Victims of Holodomor in Washington, D.C., June 2017 | |
| Date | 1932 - 1933 |
|---|---|
| Perpetrators | Soviet Union, Joseph Stalin |
| Deaths | 8000000 |
| Description | According to many countries the Holodomor was a genocide |
The Holodomor is a politicized term for a famine in Soviet Ukraine from 1932 to 1933. Historians are still debating the causes, extent and results of it, in what has become a highly politicized process.
Official narrative
A famine in the Soviet Ukraine from 1932 to 1933 killed six to ten million Ukrainians in a deliberate genocide against the Ukrainian people.
The word Holodomor literally translated from Ukrainian means "death by hunger", "killing by hunger, killing by starvation",[1] or sometimes "murder by hunger or starvation".[2] It is a compound of the Ukrainian words holod =hunger; and mor = plague (disease).
The word was deliberately created after the Second World War[When?] to hitchhike on its more famous German cousin. The famine became a rallying point for Ukrainian nationalism, both during the Cold War and especially after the coup and tensions with Russia after 2014.
First Reporting
The roots of the famine-genocide campaign lay in a series of articles written by "noted journalist, traveller and student of Russian affairs" Thomas Walker for the Hearst press in 1935. The articles described the horrific famine of 1932-33 in Ukraine, while photographs, accompanying the stories, portrayed desperate victims of the famine.
The material and the photographs were truly impressive, but, as it turned out later "noted" journalist Thomas Walker had never visited Ukraine in 1932-1933, furthermore, he never existed.[3] As for the photographs, US investigative journalists revealed in 1935 that some of them were taken in war-torn areas of Europe just after the First World War, others depicted the Volga famine victims of 1921-1922 in Russia.
The numbers game
The Russian Empire had suffered from periodic devastating famines since the end of 19th century, long before Bolsheviks came to power in 1917. Then there was a series of famines in 1920-21, 1924, 1927 and 1928. The 1933 famine, the last in the Soviet Union, happened not just in the Ukraine, but also in the Lower Volga and the North Caucasus. According to some estimates, during the famine of 1932-1933 about three million people died (both from famine and epidemics) in the USSR, while one third of them died in Ukraine.
Because of Cold War needs, the number of "Holodomor"-victims grew by leaps and bounds and reached almost ten million people.
Eventually, in 1986 British writer Robert Conquest published a book entitled "Harvest of Sorrow: Soviet Collectivization and the Terror Famine." Conquest's book, a former employee of the IRD (Information Research Department) — the British Secret Service disinformation project aimed against Soviet Russia — bore little, if any, relation to reality.
References
