Difference between revisions of "Pain"
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| + | '''Pain''' is a distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli. The [[International Association for the Study of Pain]] defines pain as "an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or resembling that associated with, actual or potential tissue damage."<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7680716</ref> In medical diagnosis, pain is regarded as a [[symptom]] of an underlying condition. | ||
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| + | Pain motivates the individual to withdraw from damaging situations, to protect a damaged body part while it heals, and to avoid similar experiences in the future.<ref>Cervero, Fernando (2012). Understanding Pain : Exploring the Perception of Pain. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. pp. Chapter 1</ref> Most pain resolves once the [[noxious stimulus]] is removed and the body has healed, but it may persist despite removal of the stimulus and apparent healing of the body. Sometimes pain arises in the absence of any detectable stimulus, damage or disease.<ref>Raj PP (2007). "Taxonomy and classification of pain". In: The Handbook of Chronic Pain. Nova Biomedical Books.</ref> | ||
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| + | Pain is the most common reason for physician consultation in most developed countries.<ref> Debono DJ, Hoeksema LJ, Hobbs RD (August 2013). "Caring for patients with chronic pain: pearls and pitfalls". The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association. 113 (8): 620–7</ref><ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC464897</ref> It is a major symptom in many medical conditions, and can interfere with a person's [[quality of life]] and general functioning.<ref>https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fbja%2Faen103</ref> Simple pain medications are useful in 20% to 70% of cases.<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6485506</ref> Psychological factors such as [[social support]], hypnotic suggestion, [[cognitive behavioral therapy]], excitement, or distraction can affect pain's intensity or unpleasantness.<ref>http://webscript.princeton.edu/psych/psychology/related/socneuconf/pdf/eisenberger-lieberman2.pdf</ref><ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6830441</ref> In some debates regarding [[physician-assisted suicide]] or [[euthanasia]], pain has been used as an argument to permit people who are terminally ill to end their lives.<ref>https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1467-9566.2006.00543.x</ref> | ||
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Latest revision as of 23:44, 23 February 2021
 Pain  (medical concept)   | |
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Pain is a distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli. The International Association for the Study of Pain defines pain as "an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or resembling that associated with, actual or potential tissue damage."[1] In medical diagnosis, pain is regarded as a symptom of an underlying condition.
Pain motivates the individual to withdraw from damaging situations, to protect a damaged body part while it heals, and to avoid similar experiences in the future.[2] Most pain resolves once the noxious stimulus is removed and the body has healed, but it may persist despite removal of the stimulus and apparent healing of the body. Sometimes pain arises in the absence of any detectable stimulus, damage or disease.[3]
Pain is the most common reason for physician consultation in most developed countries.[4][5] It is a major symptom in many medical conditions, and can interfere with a person's quality of life and general functioning.[6] Simple pain medications are useful in 20% to 70% of cases.[7] Psychological factors such as social support, hypnotic suggestion, cognitive behavioral therapy, excitement, or distraction can affect pain's intensity or unpleasantness.[8][9] In some debates regarding physician-assisted suicide or euthanasia, pain has been used as an argument to permit people who are terminally ill to end their lives.[10]
References
- ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7680716
- ↑ Cervero, Fernando (2012). Understanding Pain : Exploring the Perception of Pain. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. pp. Chapter 1
- ↑ Raj PP (2007). "Taxonomy and classification of pain". In: The Handbook of Chronic Pain. Nova Biomedical Books.
- ↑ Debono DJ, Hoeksema LJ, Hobbs RD (August 2013). "Caring for patients with chronic pain: pearls and pitfalls". The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association. 113 (8): 620–7
- ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC464897
- ↑ https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fbja%2Faen103
- ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6485506
- ↑ http://webscript.princeton.edu/psych/psychology/related/socneuconf/pdf/eisenberger-lieberman2.pdf
- ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6830441
- ↑ https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1467-9566.2006.00543.x
