US/Special Envoy for Northern Ireland
 US/Special Envoy for Northern Ireland  (Ambassador) | |
|---|---|
| U.S. diplomat supporting the Northern Ireland peace process. |
The United States Special Envoy for Northern Ireland (officially the Special Envoy of the President and the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland) is the top U.S. diplomat supporting the Northern Ireland peace process.[1]
History
Before the 1980s, U.S. leaders were reluctant to get involved in the Troubles in Northern Ireland. When Bill Clinton was on the campaign trail as the Democratic candidate for President in 1992, he suggested both orally and in a letter to Congressman Bruce Morrison that he would favor the appointment of a Special Envoy for Northern Ireland.[2]
It was not until 1995 that a decision to appoint a Special Envoy was finally made. The announcement of the appointment of former U.S. Senator George J. Mitchell as Special Envoy initially "infuriated" the British Government.[3] Mitchell was recognised as being more than a token envoy but someone representing a President with a deep interest in events.[3] However, around the time of Mitchell's appointment, it was agreed with both the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom John Major and Taoiseach John Bruton that Mitchell would chair an international commission on disarmament of paramilitary groups.[4] Mitchell went on to successfully chair the talks that resulted in the Good Friday Agreement.
Later envoys
The United States has continued to support the full implementation of the Good Friday Agreement and has demonstrated its readiness to assist the process in any way.[5] On June 10, 2003, President George W. Bush announced his intention to designate Ambassador Richard N. Haass as the Special Envoy.[5] Haass was an active Envoy. In 2001, within a week of the September 11 attacks, Haass warned Irish Republicans that the suspected links between the IRA and Colombian terrorist groups could have "potentially serious consequences for the role of the United States in the peace process".[3] Later, Haass attacked then Ulster Unionist Party leader David Trimble for setting a deadline for pulling out of power-sharing, accusing him of adding to a sense of crisis.[3]
Later, Mitchell Reiss was appointed as the Special Envoy. At the invitation of the British and Irish governments, Reiss participated in the peace process negotiations that took place at Leeds Castle in 2004.[6] On February 15, 2007, Paula Dobriansky, U.S. Undersecretary for Democracy and Global Affairs at the State Department, was named the Special Envoy for Northern Ireland.[7] The transition from the former Special Envoy, Ambassador Mitchell Reiss, took place on February 15, 2007.[8] In February 2008, Special Envoy Dobriansky led a trade mission to Belfast.[9] Until the inauguration of Donald Trump, the Special Envoy was former Colorado Senator, Gary Hart. On March 6, 2020, President Trump appointed his former acting Chief of Staff Mick Mulvaney to fill this position.
Each of the Special Envoys has periodically reported to U.S. Congressional committees on their activities and the status of the Northern Ireland peace process and other matters concerning Northern Ireland.[1][10][11]
Office Holders on Wikispooks
| Name | From | To |
|---|---|---|
| Mick Mulvaney | 2020 | 2021 |
| Gary Hart | 22 October 2014 | 20 January 2017 |
| Paula Dobriansky | 2007 | 2009 |
| Richard Haass | 6 February 2001 | 20 June 2003 |
| George Mitchell | 3 January 1995 | 20 January 2001 |
References
- ↑ Jump up to: a b http://commdocs.house.gov/committees/intlrel/hfa20057.000/hfa20057_0.htm
- ↑ http://clinton6.nara.gov/1993/02/1993-02-24-am-press-briefing-by-dee-dee-myers.html
- ↑ Jump up to: a b c d http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/2927845.stm
- ↑ https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9A03EEDD1139F933A05752C1A963958260&scp=2&sq=%22George+Mitchell%22+and+%22northern+Ireland%22&st=nyt
- ↑ Jump up to: a b https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2003/06/20030610-15.html
- ↑ Ambassador Kenny's Remarks on Ireland’s “Special Relationship” with Europe and America on 12 October 2004[dead link]
- ↑ U.S. Embassy to Ireland – US Special Envoy on Northern Ireland[dead link]
- ↑ http://dublin.usembassy.gov/ireland/northern_ireland.html
- ↑ U.S. State Department website press release dated 20 February 2008 entitled Special Envoy Dobriansky Leading Investment Mission to Northern Ireland
- ↑ The United States and post-Agreement Northern Ireland, 2001–6, Mary Alice C. Clancy, School of Politics, International Studies and Philosophy, Queen’s University, Belfast Archived 20 November 2007 at the Wayback Machine.
- ↑ http://commdocs.house.gov/committees/intlrel/hfa21397.000/hfa21397_0f.htm
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