Difference between revisions of "Civil Cooperation Bureau"
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| − | + | The Civil Co-operation Bureau was a covert unit of the [[South African Defence Force|SADF]].<ref>[http://oldwww.parliament.gov.za/pls/portal30/docs/FOLDER/PARLIAMENTARY_INFORMATION/PUBLICATIONS/TRC/3_1%20AMNESTY.pdf Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa Report, Volume Six, Section Three, Chapter One, p208], accessed 13 April 2008.</ref> | |
| − | + | The CCB was not therefore planned as an organisation separate from the SADF’s institutional framework. Nor was it any kind of ‘third force’ in the sense of a separate and autonomous entity. What it represented was an additional capacity on the part of Special Forces in its war against ‘the enemy’. With the established Special Forces operating as they had for some years – largely in a cross-border capacity with, where necessary, the public backing and acknowledgement of the SADF hierarchy and government – they were now to be supplemented by a secret, apparently civilian strike force, which neither the government nor the SADF would acknowledge publicly. | |
| − | + | Thus the CCB represented a new method of state-directed warfare in the South African context, part of Special Forces but structured and functioning in a way intended to make it seem it was not.<ref>[http://www.doj.gov.za/trc/report/finalreport/TRC%20VOLUME%202.pdf Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa Report - Volume Two], Chapter Two, p136.</ref> | |
==Management Board== | ==Management Board== | ||
| − | + | Heading this structure was a management board chaired by the GOC Special Forces – Major General [[Joep Joubert]] (1985–89) followed by Major General [[Eddie Webb]] from the beginning of 1989. Other board members were the managing director ([[Joe Verster|Verster]]), his deputy ([[Dawid Fourie]]), a regional co-ordinator ([[Wouter Jacobus Basson|Wouter Basson]]), finance ([[Theuns Kruger]]) and administrative or production manager ([[Lafras Luitingh]]). Others named as members of the CCB’s inner core were its intelligence chief, [[Christoffel Nel]], and ex-Special Forces operatives Commandants [[Charl Naude|Charl Naudé]] and [[Corrie Meerholtz]].<ref name="p139"/> | |
==Regional Structure== | ==Regional Structure== | ||
| − | + | The CCB was structured along regional lines. There were ten regions in all, eight geographic and two organisational. These were Botswana (1); Mozambique and Swaziland (2); Lesotho (3); Angola, Zambia and Tanzania (4); International/Europe (5); South Africa (6); Zimbabwe (7); South West Africa (8); Intelligence (9); and Finance and Administration (10).<ref name="p139"/> | |
| − | === | + | ===Botswana=== |
| − | + | It can report that in region 1 (Botswana) the regional manager up to 1988 was Commandant [[Charl Naude|Charl Naudé]] and thereafter [[Dawid Fourie]], while [[Christo Nel]] (aka Derek Louw) handled the intelligence function.<ref name="p139">[http://www.doj.gov.za/trc/report/finalreport/TRC%20VOLUME%202.pdf Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa Report - Volume Two], Chapter Two, p139.</ref> | |
| − | === | + | ===Mozambique and Swaziland=== |
| − | + | In region 2 (Mozambique and Swaziland) the manager was Commandant [[Corrie Meerholtz]] (aka Kerneels Koekemoer) until the end of 1988, when he left to take charge of [[Five Reconnaissance Regiment|5 Recce]]. He was replaced by the operational co-ordinator, Captain [[Pieter Botes]].<ref name="p139"/> | |
| − | === | + | ===Lesotho=== |
| − | + | [[Dawid Fourie|Fourie]] was also the manager in region 3 (Lesotho), while the intelligence function was performed by [[Peter Stanton]], one of the few remaining ex-Rhodesians from the [[D40]] and [[Operation Barnacle|Barnacle]] eras.<ref>[http://www.doj.gov.za/trc/report/finalreport/TRC%20VOLUME%202.pdf Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa Report - Volume Two], Chapter Two, pp139-140.</ref> | |
| − | === | + | ===Angola, Zambia and Tanzania=== |
| − | + | [[Dawid Fourie]] was also responsible for region 4 (Angola, Zambia and Tanzania), taking it over in 1988 from [[Corrie Meerholtz|Meerholtz]]. [[Christo Nel]] handled the intelligence function while [[Ian Strange]] (aka Rodney) was also involved in this region.<ref name="p140"/> | |
| − | === | + | ===International/Europe=== |
| − | + | In terms of region 5 (European and International), [[Joseph Niemoller Jr]]. appears to have been coordinator until 1987, when he was suddenly withdrawn following the arrest of a number of individuals living in England on charges of plotting to kill ANC leaders. The intelligence function was performed by [[Eeben Barlow]].<ref name="p140"/> | |
| − | === | + | ===South Africa=== |
| − | Eight people applied to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission for amnesty in connection with the CCB's Regions Six, which covered activities internal to South Africa itself | + | Eight people applied to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission for amnesty in connection with the CCB's Regions Six, which covered activities internal to South Africa itself: Major General [[Edward Webb]], GOC Special Forces and ‘Chairman’ of the CCB; Colonel Pieter Johan ‘Joe’ Verster, ‘Managing Director’ of the CCB; [[Wouter Jacobus Basson]], aka Christo Brits, co-ordinator of Region Six; Daniel du Toit ‘Staal’ Burger, manager of Region Six; Leon Andre ‘Chappies’ Maree, Region Six, responsible for Natal; Carl Casteling ‘Calla’ Botha, Region Six, responsible for Transvaal ; Abram ‘Slang’ van Zyl, Region Six, responsible for the Western Cape, and Ferdinand ‘ Ferdi’ Barnard.<ref>[http://oldwww.parliament.gov.za/pls/portal30/docs/FOLDER/PARLIAMENTARY_INFORMATION/PUBLICATIONS/TRC/3_1%20AMNESTY.pdf Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa Report, Volume Six, Section Three, Chapter One, p246], accessed 13 April 2008.</ref> |
| − | |||
| − | === | + | ===Zimbabwe=== |
| − | + | Various CCB members co-ordinated region 7 (Zimbabwe) including [[Wouter Jacobus Basson|Wouter Basson]] and [[Lafras Luitingh]]. Others involved in sub-management were [[Ferdi Barnard]] (for a brief period) and [[Alan Trowsdale]].<ref name="p140">[http://www.doj.gov.za/trc/report/finalreport/TRC%20VOLUME%202.pdf Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa Report - Volume Two], Chapter Two, p140.</ref> | |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| + | ===South West Africa=== | ||
| + | Region 8 (South West Africa) was headed by [[Roelf van Heerden]] (aka Roelf van der Westhuizen).<ref name="p140"/> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<References/> | <References/> | ||
| − | [[Category:counterinsurgency]][[Category:South Africa]] | + | [[Category:counterinsurgency]] |
| + | [[Category:South Africa]] | ||
Revision as of 14:10, 30 October 2013
The Civil Co-operation Bureau was a covert unit of the SADF.[1]
The CCB was not therefore planned as an organisation separate from the SADF’s institutional framework. Nor was it any kind of ‘third force’ in the sense of a separate and autonomous entity. What it represented was an additional capacity on the part of Special Forces in its war against ‘the enemy’. With the established Special Forces operating as they had for some years – largely in a cross-border capacity with, where necessary, the public backing and acknowledgement of the SADF hierarchy and government – they were now to be supplemented by a secret, apparently civilian strike force, which neither the government nor the SADF would acknowledge publicly. Thus the CCB represented a new method of state-directed warfare in the South African context, part of Special Forces but structured and functioning in a way intended to make it seem it was not.[2]
Contents
Management Board
Heading this structure was a management board chaired by the GOC Special Forces – Major General Joep Joubert (1985–89) followed by Major General Eddie Webb from the beginning of 1989. Other board members were the managing director (Verster), his deputy (Dawid Fourie), a regional co-ordinator (Wouter Basson), finance (Theuns Kruger) and administrative or production manager (Lafras Luitingh). Others named as members of the CCB’s inner core were its intelligence chief, Christoffel Nel, and ex-Special Forces operatives Commandants Charl Naudé and Corrie Meerholtz.[3]
Regional Structure
The CCB was structured along regional lines. There were ten regions in all, eight geographic and two organisational. These were Botswana (1); Mozambique and Swaziland (2); Lesotho (3); Angola, Zambia and Tanzania (4); International/Europe (5); South Africa (6); Zimbabwe (7); South West Africa (8); Intelligence (9); and Finance and Administration (10).[3]
Botswana
It can report that in region 1 (Botswana) the regional manager up to 1988 was Commandant Charl Naudé and thereafter Dawid Fourie, while Christo Nel (aka Derek Louw) handled the intelligence function.[3]
Mozambique and Swaziland
In region 2 (Mozambique and Swaziland) the manager was Commandant Corrie Meerholtz (aka Kerneels Koekemoer) until the end of 1988, when he left to take charge of 5 Recce. He was replaced by the operational co-ordinator, Captain Pieter Botes.[3]
Lesotho
Fourie was also the manager in region 3 (Lesotho), while the intelligence function was performed by Peter Stanton, one of the few remaining ex-Rhodesians from the D40 and Barnacle eras.[4]
Angola, Zambia and Tanzania
Dawid Fourie was also responsible for region 4 (Angola, Zambia and Tanzania), taking it over in 1988 from Meerholtz. Christo Nel handled the intelligence function while Ian Strange (aka Rodney) was also involved in this region.[5]
International/Europe
In terms of region 5 (European and International), Joseph Niemoller Jr. appears to have been coordinator until 1987, when he was suddenly withdrawn following the arrest of a number of individuals living in England on charges of plotting to kill ANC leaders. The intelligence function was performed by Eeben Barlow.[5]
South Africa
Eight people applied to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission for amnesty in connection with the CCB's Regions Six, which covered activities internal to South Africa itself: Major General Edward Webb, GOC Special Forces and ‘Chairman’ of the CCB; Colonel Pieter Johan ‘Joe’ Verster, ‘Managing Director’ of the CCB; Wouter Jacobus Basson, aka Christo Brits, co-ordinator of Region Six; Daniel du Toit ‘Staal’ Burger, manager of Region Six; Leon Andre ‘Chappies’ Maree, Region Six, responsible for Natal; Carl Casteling ‘Calla’ Botha, Region Six, responsible for Transvaal ; Abram ‘Slang’ van Zyl, Region Six, responsible for the Western Cape, and Ferdinand ‘ Ferdi’ Barnard.[6]
Zimbabwe
Various CCB members co-ordinated region 7 (Zimbabwe) including Wouter Basson and Lafras Luitingh. Others involved in sub-management were Ferdi Barnard (for a brief period) and Alan Trowsdale.[5]
South West Africa
Region 8 (South West Africa) was headed by Roelf van Heerden (aka Roelf van der Westhuizen).[5]
References
- ↑ Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa Report, Volume Six, Section Three, Chapter One, p208, accessed 13 April 2008.
- ↑ Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa Report - Volume Two, Chapter Two, p136.
- ↑ a b c d Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa Report - Volume Two, Chapter Two, p139.
- ↑ Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa Report - Volume Two, Chapter Two, pp139-140.
- ↑ a b c d Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa Report - Volume Two, Chapter Two, p140.
- ↑ Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa Report, Volume Six, Section Three, Chapter One, p246, accessed 13 April 2008.
