Difference between revisions of "Spain/Minister/Culture"

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The '''Ministry of Culture''' is the [[Spanish government departments|department]] of the [[Spanish government|Government of Spain]] responsible for the promotion, protection and dissemination of the [[Spanish Historical Heritage|Spanish historical heritage]], [[List of museums in Spain|national museums]], art, books, reading and literary creation, of cinematographic and audiovisual activities and of state [[List of archives in Spain|archives]] and [[List of libraries in Spain|libraries]].
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The '''Ministry of Culture''' is the department of the [[Spanish government|Government of Spain]] responsible for the promotion, protection and dissemination of the [[Spanish Historical Heritage|Spanish historical heritage]], [[national museums]], art, books, reading and literary creation, of cinematographic and audiovisual activities and of state [[List of archives in Spain|archives]] and [[libraries]]. As of 2021, the Ministry also is responsible for the proposal and execution of the Government's policy on sport.<ref>https://boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2018-9465 </ref>
  
It's also responsible for the promotion and dissemination of culture in Spanish, as well as the promotion of cultural cooperation actions and, in coordination with the [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs, European Union and Cooperation (Spain)|Ministry of Foreign Affairs, European Union and Cooperation]], of international relations in the field of culture.
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Its budget gives it patronage power over most of Spain's cultural life.  
 
 
At present (2021) the Ministry also is responsible for the proposal and execution of the Government's policy on sport.<ref>https://boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2018-9465 </ref>
 
  
 
== History ==
 
== History ==
 +
The Ministry of Culture was created during the Spanish transition to democracy in the late [[1970s]]. However, the government action on culture dates back to the 18th century. From the beginning of the century and promoted by the Crown, it appeared the first Royal Academies such as the Language (1713), History (1738) or Fine Arts (1752), all of them dependent from the [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Spain)|Secretariat of State]].<ref>http://digital.csic.es/bitstream/10261/15038/1/20090715140931298.pdf</ref>
  
=== Early period ===
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In 1946 the Directorate-General for Cinematography and Theater was created, which main task was to censor this cultural sectors. It was suppressed in 1967.
The Ministry of Culture was created during the Spanish transition to democracy. However, the government action on culture dates back to the 18th century. From the beginning of the century and promoted by the Crown, it appeared the first Royal Academies such as the [[Spanish Royal Academy|Language]] (1713), [[Real Academia de la Historia|History]] (1738) or [[Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando|Fine Arts]] (1752), all of them dependent from the [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Spain)|Secretariat of State]].<ref>http://digital.csic.es/bitstream/10261/15038/1/20090715140931298.pdf</ref>
 
 
 
With the development and specialization of the [[General State Administration|Administration]], the promotion and protection of culture was assumed by the [[Ministry of Development (Spain)|Ministry of Development]] between 1834 and 1837 when it assumed powers over theaters, and all kinds of public amusements and recreation, as well as the [[Music school|Conservatories]] of Arts and Music,<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120118184526/http://usuarios.multimania.es/art_arab/1832/18321109.html</ref> by the [[Ministry of the Interior (Spain)|Ministry of the Interior]] between 1837 and 1847 and Development again between 1847 and 1851, by the [[Ministry of Justice (Spain)|Ministry of Grace and Justice]] between 1851 and 1855<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20111104225954/http://www.educacion.gob.es/cide/jsp/plantilla.jsp?id=arch04b</ref> and again by the Ministry of Development until 1900.
 
 
 
The Budget Act of 1900 created the [[Ministry of Education (Spain)|Ministry of Public Instruction and Fine Arts]]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20111108051336/http://www.educacion.gob.es/cide/jsp/plantilla.jsp?id=arch03a&contenido=%2Fespanol%2Farchivo%2Fdocheducacion%2Fadeducativa%2Fadeducativa09.htm</ref> which assumed the responsibilities on culture until 1977. During this period, the Directorate-General for Fine Arts was created in 1915<ref>http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/1915/01/17/027.html</ref> which had competences on civil constructions related to National Monuments, Museums, Artistic Schools, Painting, Music Schools and other entities of an artistic nature<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20111108051339/http://www.educacion.gob.es/cide/jsp/plantilla.jsp?id=arch03a&contenido=%2Fespanol%2Farchivo%2Fdocheducacion%2Fadeducativa%2Fadeducativa11.htm|</ref> and in 1939 it was created the Directorate-General for Archives and Libraries. Both merged in 1974 in a new Directorate-General for Artistic and Cultural Heritage.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=-mkyEWeTqYAC&q=%22direcci%C3%B3n+general+de+patrimonio%22&pg=PA76</ref>
 
 
 
In 1946 it was created the Directorate-General for Cinematography and Theater which main task was to censor this cultural sectors. It was suppressed in 1967.
 
 
 
=== Democracy ===
 
 
Finally, in 1977 it was created an independent Culture Ministry which assumed the Directorate-General for Artistic and Cultural Heritage from the [[Ministry of Education (Spain)|Ministry of Education]], the responsibilities of the Under Secretary for Family, Youth and Sport from the [[Ministry of the Presidency (Spain)|Ministry of the Presidency]] and the information and cultural functions of the [[Ministry of Information and Tourism]] (cinema, theaters, music). Likewise, the Secretariat of State for Culture was created and it also assumed [[RTVE]].<ref>http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/1977/07/05/102.html</ref>
 
Finally, in 1977 it was created an independent Culture Ministry which assumed the Directorate-General for Artistic and Cultural Heritage from the [[Ministry of Education (Spain)|Ministry of Education]], the responsibilities of the Under Secretary for Family, Youth and Sport from the [[Ministry of the Presidency (Spain)|Ministry of the Presidency]] and the information and cultural functions of the [[Ministry of Information and Tourism]] (cinema, theaters, music). Likewise, the Secretariat of State for Culture was created and it also assumed [[RTVE]].<ref>http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/1977/07/05/102.html</ref>
 
The final structure established nine general directions: Artistic Heritage, Archives and Museums; Cultural Diffusion; Books and Libraries; Music Theater and Shows; Cinematography; Community Development; Youth; and Broadcasting and Television. It also assumed organically the Superior Council of Sports.<ref>https://www.boe.es/buscar/doc.php?id=BOE-A-1977-21144</ref>
 
  
 
In 1981 the Ministry ceded to the [[City of Madrid]] the management of the [[Teatro Español (Madrid)|Teatro Español]].<ref>http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/1981/10/16/035.html</ref> In 1985 the Ministry suffered a big reshuffle because of the devolution of cultural powers to the recently created [[Regions of Spain|Regions]].  
 
In 1981 the Ministry ceded to the [[City of Madrid]] the management of the [[Teatro Español (Madrid)|Teatro Español]].<ref>http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/1981/10/16/035.html</ref> In 1985 the Ministry suffered a big reshuffle because of the devolution of cultural powers to the recently created [[Regions of Spain|Regions]].  
  
Between 1996 and 2004 the Ministry of Culture was merged with the Ministry of Education although the Secretariat of State for Culture was maintained. In 2004 it was created again and in 2011 the Ministry assumed the competencies on [[Bullfighting in Spain|bullfighting]].<ref>https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2011/07/29/toros/1311942041.html</ref> It was suppressed again in 2011 until 2018 when the new prime minister [[Pedro Sánchez (politician)|Pedro Sánchez]] recovered this Ministry.'''
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Between 1996 and 2004 the Ministry of Culture was merged with the Ministry of Education although the Secretariat of State for Culture was maintained. In 2004 it was created again and in 2011 the Ministry assumed the competencies on [[bullfighting]].<ref>https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2011/07/29/toros/1311942041.html</ref> It was suppressed again in 2011 until 2018 when the new prime minister [[Pedro Sánchez]] recovered this Ministry.'''
  
 
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==References==
 
==References==
 
{{reflist}}
 
{{reflist}}

Latest revision as of 09:39, 21 September 2022


Employment.png Spain/Minister/Culture 
(Minister of Culture)

Start1977
Responsible for culture, including state radio and television

The Ministry of Culture is the department of the Government of Spain responsible for the promotion, protection and dissemination of the Spanish historical heritage, national museums, art, books, reading and literary creation, of cinematographic and audiovisual activities and of state archives and libraries. As of 2021, the Ministry also is responsible for the proposal and execution of the Government's policy on sport.[1]

Its budget gives it patronage power over most of Spain's cultural life.

History

The Ministry of Culture was created during the Spanish transition to democracy in the late 1970s. However, the government action on culture dates back to the 18th century. From the beginning of the century and promoted by the Crown, it appeared the first Royal Academies such as the Language (1713), History (1738) or Fine Arts (1752), all of them dependent from the Secretariat of State.[2]

In 1946 the Directorate-General for Cinematography and Theater was created, which main task was to censor this cultural sectors. It was suppressed in 1967. Finally, in 1977 it was created an independent Culture Ministry which assumed the Directorate-General for Artistic and Cultural Heritage from the Ministry of Education, the responsibilities of the Under Secretary for Family, Youth and Sport from the Ministry of the Presidency and the information and cultural functions of the Ministry of Information and Tourism (cinema, theaters, music). Likewise, the Secretariat of State for Culture was created and it also assumed RTVE.[3]

In 1981 the Ministry ceded to the City of Madrid the management of the Teatro Español.[4] In 1985 the Ministry suffered a big reshuffle because of the devolution of cultural powers to the recently created Regions.

Between 1996 and 2004 the Ministry of Culture was merged with the Ministry of Education although the Secretariat of State for Culture was maintained. In 2004 it was created again and in 2011 the Ministry assumed the competencies on bullfighting.[5] It was suppressed again in 2011 until 2018 when the new prime minister Pedro Sánchez recovered this Ministry.


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References