Difference between revisions of "Radithor"

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{{concept
 
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|description=Radioactive energy drink in the early 20th century.
 
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'''Radithor''' was a [[patent medicine]] that is a well-known example of radioactive quackery and specifically of excessively broad and pseudoscientific application of the principle of radiation hormesis. It consisted of triple distilled water containing at a minimum {{convert|1|uCi|lk=on}} each of the [[radium]] 226 and 228 isotopes.
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'''Radithor''' was a [[patent medicine]] that is a well-known example of radioactive quackery and specifically of excessively broad and pseudoscientific application of the principle of radiation hormesis. It consisted of triple distilled water containing at a minimum 1 microcurie (37 kBq) each of the radium 226 and 228 isotopes.
  
 
==History==
 
==History==
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Radithor was manufactured from 1918 to 1928 by the Bailey Radium Laboratories, Inc., of East Orange, New Jersey. The owner of the company and head of the laboratories was listed as William J. A. Bailey, a dropout from [[Harvard College]],<ref>http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,743525,00.html</ref> who was not a medical doctor.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101203072143/http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/neighborhoods/northside/nor_n106.html Literary Digest, 16 April 1932]</ref><ref>http://www.museumofquackery.com/devices/radium.htm|title=Radium Cures</ref> It was advertised as "A Cure for the Living Dead"<ref>http://www.museumofquackery.com/devices/radium.htm</ref> as well as "Perpetual Sunshine". The expensive product was claimed to cure impotence, among other ills.<ref name=Conversation>https://theconversation.com/when-energy-drinks-actually-contained-radioactive-energy-67976</ref>
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Radithor was manufactured from [[1918]] to [[1928]] by the Bailey Radium Laboratories, Inc., of East Orange, New Jersey. The owner of the company and head of the laboratories was listed as [[William J. A. Bailey]], a dropout from [[Harvard College]],<ref>http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,743525,00.html</ref> who was not a [[medical doctor]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101203072143/http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/neighborhoods/northside/nor_n106.html Literary Digest, 16 April 1932]</ref><ref>http://www.museumofquackery.com/devices/radium.htm|title=Radium Cures</ref> It was advertised as "A Cure for the Living Dead"<ref>http://www.museumofquackery.com/devices/radium.htm</ref> as well as "Perpetual Sunshine". The expensive product was claimed to cure impotence, among other ills.<ref name=Conversation>https://theconversation.com/when-energy-drinks-actually-contained-radioactive-energy-67976</ref>
  
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[[Eben Byers]], a wealthy American socialite, athlete, industrialist and [[Yale College]] graduate, died from Radithor radium poisoning in 1932.<ref>[https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FA0F16F93D5A13738DDDAB0894DC405B828FF1D3 Denies It Killed Byers, as Does Victim's Physician in Pittsburgh. Walker Uses Apparatus. Friends Alarmed to Find Mayor Has Been Drinking Radium-Charged Water for Last Six Months.] Federal and local agencies, as well as medical authorities in various parts of the country, were stirred to action yesterday as a result of the death of Eben M. Byers, wealthy Pittsburgh steel manufacturer and sportsman, who died here Wednesday at the Doctors' Hospital from causes attributed to radium poisoning resulting from the drinking of water containing radium in solution. - April 2, 1932</ref> Byers was buried in a lead-lined coffin; when exhumed in 1965 for study, his remains were still highly radioactive.<ref name=Conversation/>
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[[Eben Byers]], a wealthy American socialite, athlete, industrialist and [[Yale College]] graduate, died from Radithor radium poisoning in [[1932]].<ref>[https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FA0F16F93D5A13738DDDAB0894DC405B828FF1D3 Denies It Killed Byers, as Does Victim's Physician in Pittsburgh. Walker Uses Apparatus. Friends Alarmed to Find Mayor Has Been Drinking Radium-Charged Water for Last Six Months.] Federal and local agencies, as well as medical authorities in various parts of the country, were stirred to action yesterday as a result of the death of Eben M. Byers, wealthy Pittsburgh steel manufacturer and sportsman, who died here Wednesday at the Doctors' Hospital from causes attributed to radium poisoning resulting from the drinking of water containing radium in solution. - April 2, 1932</ref> Byers was buried in a lead-lined coffin; when exhumed in [[1965]] for study, his remains were still highly radioactive.<ref name=Conversation/>
  
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Byers's death led to the strengthening of the [[Food and Drug Administration]]'s powers and the demise of most radiation-based [[patent medicine]]s. A ''Wall Street Journal'' article (1 Aug. 1990) describing the Byers incident was titled ''The Radium Water Worked Fine Until His Jaw Came Off''. A physiotherapist recommended the drink to him and "for the next two years (he) gulped two or three bottles a day".<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20181214144013/http://case.edu/affil/MeMA/MCA/11-20/1991-Nov.pdf</ref>
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Byers's death led to the strengthening of the [[Food and Drug Administration]]'s powers and the demise of most radiation-based [[patent medicine]]s. A [[Wall Street Journal]] article (1 Aug. [[1990]]) describing the Byers incident was titled ''The Radium Water Worked Fine Until His Jaw Came Off''. A physiotherapist recommended the drink to him and "for the next two years (he) gulped two or three bottles a day".<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20181214144013/http://case.edu/affil/MeMA/MCA/11-20/1991-Nov.pdf</ref>
  
 
==External links==
 
==External links==
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*[http://theodoregray.com/periodictable/Elements/088/index.html Theodore Gray's Periodic Table of Elements]
 
*[http://theodoregray.com/periodictable/Elements/088/index.html Theodore Gray's Periodic Table of Elements]
 
*[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=336&dat=19090226&id=3kIwAAAAIBAJ&sjid=RUgDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3965,2870664 Promotional article in Deseret News, 26 Feb 1909]
 
*[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=336&dat=19090226&id=3kIwAAAAIBAJ&sjid=RUgDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3965,2870664 Promotional article in Deseret News, 26 Feb 1909]
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*Radithor (ca. 1918). 15 Sep. 2004. Oak Ridge Associated Universities. 12 Apr. 2005 [http://www.orau.org/ptp/collection/quackcures/radith.htm].
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*[http://www.orau.org/ptp/collection/quackcures/radith.htm Radithor (ca. 1918). 15 Sep. 2004. Oak Ridge Associated Universities. 12 Apr. 2005].
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==References==
 
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Latest revision as of 20:16, 24 November 2021

Concept.png Radithor 
(Safe and Effective)Rdf-entity.pngRdf-icon.png
Radioactive energy drink in the early 20th century.

Radithor was a patent medicine that is a well-known example of radioactive quackery and specifically of excessively broad and pseudoscientific application of the principle of radiation hormesis. It consisted of triple distilled water containing at a minimum 1 microcurie (37 kBq) each of the radium 226 and 228 isotopes.

History

Radithor was manufactured from 1918 to 1928 by the Bailey Radium Laboratories, Inc., of East Orange, New Jersey. The owner of the company and head of the laboratories was listed as William J. A. Bailey, a dropout from Harvard College,[1] who was not a medical doctor.[2][3] It was advertised as "A Cure for the Living Dead"[4] as well as "Perpetual Sunshine". The expensive product was claimed to cure impotence, among other ills.[5]

Eben Byers, a wealthy American socialite, athlete, industrialist and Yale College graduate, died from Radithor radium poisoning in 1932.[6] Byers was buried in a lead-lined coffin; when exhumed in 1965 for study, his remains were still highly radioactive.[5]

Byers's death led to the strengthening of the Food and Drug Administration's powers and the demise of most radiation-based patent medicines. A Wall Street Journal article (1 Aug. 1990) describing the Byers incident was titled The Radium Water Worked Fine Until His Jaw Came Off. A physiotherapist recommended the drink to him and "for the next two years (he) gulped two or three bottles a day".[7]

External links

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References

  1. ↑ http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,743525,00.html
  2. ↑ Literary Digest, 16 April 1932
  3. ↑ http://www.museumofquackery.com/devices/radium.htm%7Ctitle=Radium Cures
  4. ↑ http://www.museumofquackery.com/devices/radium.htm
  5. ↑ a b https://theconversation.com/when-energy-drinks-actually-contained-radioactive-energy-67976
  6. ↑ Denies It Killed Byers, as Does Victim's Physician in Pittsburgh. Walker Uses Apparatus. Friends Alarmed to Find Mayor Has Been Drinking Radium-Charged Water for Last Six Months. Federal and local agencies, as well as medical authorities in various parts of the country, were stirred to action yesterday as a result of the death of Eben M. Byers, wealthy Pittsburgh steel manufacturer and sportsman, who died here Wednesday at the Doctors' Hospital from causes attributed to radium poisoning resulting from the drinking of water containing radium in solution. - April 2, 1932
  7. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20181214144013/http://case.edu/affil/MeMA/MCA/11-20/1991-Nov.pdf
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