Difference between revisions of "Rachel Crowdy"
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|wikipedia=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rachel_Crowdy | |wikipedia=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rachel_Crowdy | ||
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| − | | | + | |image=Dame Rachel Crowdy.jpg |
| − | | | + | |birth_date=3 March 1884 |
| − | | | + | |birth_place=Paddington |
|death_date=10 October 1964 | |death_date=10 October 1964 | ||
| + | |spouses=John Massy Thornhill | ||
| + | |alma_mater=Hyde Park New College | ||
|death_place=Surrey, UK | |death_place=Surrey, UK | ||
|constitutes=activist | |constitutes=activist | ||
| + | |description=English nurse and social reformer, with some military connections. | ||
}} | }} | ||
| + | '''Dame Rachel Eleanor Crowdy''' was an English nurse and social reformer.<ref name=ODNB>Alice Prochaska, [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/32647 ‘Crowdy, Dame Rachel Eleanor (1884–1964)’], rev. ''[[Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]]'', Oxford University Press, 2004 ;online edn, Oct 2008, accessed 7 Nov 2010</ref> She was Principal Commandant of [[Voluntary Aid Detachments]] in France and Belgium from 1914 to 1919 and Chief of the Department of Opium Traffic and Social Issues Section of the [[League of Nations]] from 1919 to 1931.<ref name=TimesObit>'Dame Rachel Crowdy', ''[[The Times]]'', 12 October 1964, p.12</ref> She was also an active member of the British National Committee for the Suppression of the [[White Slave Trade]].<ref>[http://www.aim25.ac.uk/cats/65/6840.htm Papers of the International Bureau for the Suppression of Traffic in Persons: British National Committee for the Suppression of the White Slave Trade] at the [[Women's Library]]</ref> | ||
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| + | ==Life== | ||
| + | The daughter of James Crowdy, Rachel Crowdy was educated at [[Hyde Park New College]] before training as a nurse at [[Guy's Hospital]]. She met [[Katharine Furse]] in 1911, volunteering to serve as a [[Red Cross]] nurse in case of invasion. At the outset of [[World War I]] Furse and Crowdy travelled abroad to discover what was being done for the wounded, their investigation resulting in the establishment of rest stations. Crowdy was appointed Principal Commandant of [[Voluntary Aid Detachments|V.A.D.s]] in 1914. She was named [[Order of the British Empire|Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire]] in 1919.<ref name=TimesObit/> | ||
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| + | One of her sisters, [[Edith Frances Crowdy|Edith]] was the Deputy Director of the [[Women's Royal Naval Service]] from 1917 to 1919, while another sister, [[Isabel Crowdy|Isabel]] was the Assistant Director Inspector of Training for the same organisation.<ref>Mason, Ursula Stuart (2012). ''Britannia's Daughters.'' Barnsley, UK: Pen and Sword. c. 1, para. 34. ISBN 9781783032778.</ref> | ||
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| + | From 1919 to 1931 Crowdy was Head of the Social Questions and Opium Traffic Section of the [[League of Nations]], making her the only woman to be head of an administrative section of the League.<ref name=TimesObit/> In 1920-21 she accompanied the [[International Typhus Commission]] to Poland at the height of the post-war [[epidemic typhus|epidemic]] there. On her retirement from the League, she was guest of honour at a dinner for six hundred women at the [[Café Royal]].<ref name=TimesObit/> | ||
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| + | Crowdy was made an honorary [[Doctor of Laws]] in 1927.<ref name="Sun26Apr31">https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/224701428</ref> In 1931 she was a member of the British delegation to the [[Institute of Pacific Relations]] conference at [[Shanghai]].<ref name=ODNB/> Also in 1931, it was noted in the press that she had criticised the USA for allowing eleven states to retain the legal age of marriage for girls at 12 years.<ref name="Sun26Apr31"/> She sat on the 1935-36 [[Royal Commission]] on the Private Manufacture of Armaments,<ref>https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/41730544</ref> visited Valencia and Madrid during the [[Spanish Civil War]] with the Parliamentary Commission in [[1937]],<ref>name=Arturo Barea, The Clash (1946)</ref> and sat on the 1938-39 Royal Commission on the [[West Indies]].<ref name=TimesObit/> In 1939 Rachel Crowdy married [[Colonel]] Cudbert John Massy Thornhill, CMG, DSO (4 October 1883 – 1952),<ref>https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person.php?LinkID=mp63823</ref> a British officer of the Indian Army and of The [[Secret Intelligence Service]] (MI-6).<ref>6 Lt Infantry per ''Indian Army Quarterly List'' for 1 January 1912. His name has sometimes been misspelled as Cudbert John Massey Thornhill: ''[[London Gazette]]'' supplement, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/30945/supplements/.../page.pdf 10 October 1918] regarding Cudbert Thornhill, DSO, Indian Army.</ref> In World War II she acted as Regions Advisor to the [[Ministry of Information (United Kingdom)|Ministry of Information]], reporting on bomb damage in British cities. | ||
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| + | Dame Rachel Crowdy died at her home in [[Outwood, Surrey|Outwood]], [[Surrey]] on 10 October [[1964]]. | ||
{{SMWDocs}} | {{SMWDocs}} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
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Latest revision as of 23:35, 20 January 2022
 Rachel Crowdy    (activist) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 3 March 1884 Paddington |
| Died | 10 October 1964 (Age 80) Surrey, UK |
| Alma mater | Hyde Park New College |
| Spouse | John Massy Thornhill |
English nurse and social reformer, with some military connections. | |
Dame Rachel Eleanor Crowdy was an English nurse and social reformer.[1] She was Principal Commandant of Voluntary Aid Detachments in France and Belgium from 1914 to 1919 and Chief of the Department of Opium Traffic and Social Issues Section of the League of Nations from 1919 to 1931.[2] She was also an active member of the British National Committee for the Suppression of the White Slave Trade.[3]
Life
The daughter of James Crowdy, Rachel Crowdy was educated at Hyde Park New College before training as a nurse at Guy's Hospital. She met Katharine Furse in 1911, volunteering to serve as a Red Cross nurse in case of invasion. At the outset of World War I Furse and Crowdy travelled abroad to discover what was being done for the wounded, their investigation resulting in the establishment of rest stations. Crowdy was appointed Principal Commandant of V.A.D.s in 1914. She was named Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1919.[2]
One of her sisters, Edith was the Deputy Director of the Women's Royal Naval Service from 1917 to 1919, while another sister, Isabel was the Assistant Director Inspector of Training for the same organisation.[4]
From 1919 to 1931 Crowdy was Head of the Social Questions and Opium Traffic Section of the League of Nations, making her the only woman to be head of an administrative section of the League.[2] In 1920-21 she accompanied the International Typhus Commission to Poland at the height of the post-war epidemic there. On her retirement from the League, she was guest of honour at a dinner for six hundred women at the Café Royal.[2]
Crowdy was made an honorary Doctor of Laws in 1927.[5] In 1931 she was a member of the British delegation to the Institute of Pacific Relations conference at Shanghai.[1] Also in 1931, it was noted in the press that she had criticised the USA for allowing eleven states to retain the legal age of marriage for girls at 12 years.[5] She sat on the 1935-36 Royal Commission on the Private Manufacture of Armaments,[6] visited Valencia and Madrid during the Spanish Civil War with the Parliamentary Commission in 1937,[7] and sat on the 1938-39 Royal Commission on the West Indies.[2] In 1939 Rachel Crowdy married Colonel Cudbert John Massy Thornhill, CMG, DSO (4 October 1883 – 1952),[8] a British officer of the Indian Army and of The Secret Intelligence Service (MI-6).[9] In World War II she acted as Regions Advisor to the Ministry of Information, reporting on bomb damage in British cities.
Dame Rachel Crowdy died at her home in Outwood, Surrey on 10 October 1964.
References
- ↑ a b Alice Prochaska, ‘Crowdy, Dame Rachel Eleanor (1884–1964)’, rev. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 ;online edn, Oct 2008, accessed 7 Nov 2010
- ↑ a b c d e 'Dame Rachel Crowdy', The Times, 12 October 1964, p.12
- ↑ Papers of the International Bureau for the Suppression of Traffic in Persons: British National Committee for the Suppression of the White Slave Trade at the Women's Library
- ↑ Mason, Ursula Stuart (2012). Britannia's Daughters. Barnsley, UK: Pen and Sword. c. 1, para. 34. ISBN 9781783032778.
- ↑ a b https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/224701428
- ↑ https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/41730544
- ↑ name=Arturo Barea, The Clash (1946)
- ↑ https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person.php?LinkID=mp63823
- ↑ 6 Lt Infantry per Indian Army Quarterly List for 1 January 1912. His name has sometimes been misspelled as Cudbert John Massey Thornhill: London Gazette supplement, 10 October 1918 regarding Cudbert Thornhill, DSO, Indian Army.
