Template:IPA-ru

Russian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]

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Usage of IPA pronunciation templates

Wikipedia offers several templates for proper display of IPA transcriptions.

IPA font

In general, IPA symbols on a page should be enclosed in the {{IPA}} template, which formats the text in an IPA-producing font. If a substantial portion of a page uses IPA, it is customary to post notice of that fact with {{IPA notice|lang=en}}, though each token still requires the {{IPA}} template for proper formatting.

If there are not enough occurrences to warrant a notice, then consider a template that links to an IPA key for the first instance of the IPA on a page or section.

English words

For English words, in a broad, non-regional transcription, as when giving the pronunciation of a key word in an article, use templates linking to Help:IPA for English, a chart of the subset of the IPA that is relevant to English:

• {{IPA-en}}, appearing as: English pronunciation: /word/ (also /word/, English: /word/, pronounced /word/, as hereafter).
• {{IPAc-en}}, which automates the conversion to IPA, so that {{IPAc-en|'|w|3r|d}} appears as /ˈwɜːrd/. This provides mouse-over links to the symbols, and is now the preferred template.

Foreign words

For foreign words that are not assimilated into English, regional pronunciations of English words, and non-standard English dialects, use templates linking to the more general Help:IPA chart, containing all major IPA symbols:

• {{IPA-all}}, appearing as: IPA: [word]. Or:
• For specific languages, there may be dedicated IPA keys for standardized transcription. There are several options for their display. The first cell includes the ISO code of the language; the second is the transcription; the third keys an introductory phrase; and the fourth is space for a sound file. Using the French word eau [o] as an example, we have the default format:
  • {{IPA-fr|o}} → French pronunciation: ​[o]
• Or the word "pronounced" can be used as the introduction:
  • {{IPA-fr|o|pron}} → pronounced: [o]
• Language name only:
  • {{IPA-fr|o|lang}} → French: [o]
• "IPA" only:
  • {{IPA-fr|o|IPA}} → IPA: [o]
• Link only:
  • {{IPA-fr|o|}} → [o]
• Any of these may be combined with a sound file:
  • {{IPA-fr|o|lang|Fr-eau.ogg}} → French: [o]
• For the default introductory phrase, however, a placeholder such as “-” is required:
  • {{IPA-fr|o|-|Fr-eau.ogg}} → French pronunciation: [o]

Supported languages and their templates

Afrikaans: {{IPA-af}} Albanian: {{IPA-sq}} Amharic: {{IPA-am}} Arabic: {{IPA-ar}}, {{IPA-aeb}} (Tunisian), {{IPA-acw}} (Hejazi) & {{IPA-arz}} (Egyptian) (see also {{IPAc-ar}} hereafter) Armenian: {{IPA-hy}} Arpitan: {{tl|IPA-frp} Assamese: {{IPA-as}} Astur-Leonese: {{IPA-ast}}, {{IPA-le}}, {{IPA-mwl}}, {{IPA-ext}} Australian Aboriginal languages: {{IPA-aus}} Basque: {{IPA-eu}} Belarusian: {{IPA-be}} Bengali: {{IPA-bn}} Berber (Tamaziɣt): {{IPA-tam}} Bulgarian and Macedonian: {{IPA-mk}} & {{IPA-bg}} Burmese: {{IPA-my}} Cantonese: {{IPA-yue}} Catalan: {{IPA-ca}} & {{IPA-va}} Colognian (Kölsch): {{IPA-ksh}} Corsican: {{IPA-co}} Czech: {{IPA-cs}} Danish: {{IPA-da}} Dutch and Flemish: {{IPA-nl}} (see also {{IPAc-nl}} hereafter) English: {{IPA-en}} & {{IPA-endia}} (see also {{IPAc-en}} hereafter) Esperanto: {{IPA-eo}} Fijian: {{IPA-fj}} Finnish and Estonian: {{IPA-fi}} & {{IPA-et}} French: {{IPA-fr}} (see also {{IPAc-fr}} hereafter) Georgian: {{IPA-ka}} (see also {{IPAc-ka}} hereafter) German: {{IPA-de}} (see also {{IPAc-de}} hereafter) & {{IPA-gsw}} (Alemannic) Greek: {{IPA-el}} Guaraní: {{IPA-gn}} Gujarati: {{IPA-gu}} Haitian Creole: {{IPA-ht}} Hawaiian: {{IPA-haw}} Hebrew: {{IPA-he}} (see also {{IPAc-he}} hereafter) Hindustani: {{IPA-hns}}, {{IPA-hi}} & {{IPA-ur}} Hungarian: {{IPA-hu}} (see also {{IPAc-hu}} hereafter) Icelandic: {{IPA-is}} Inuktitut: {{IPA-iu}} Irish: {{IPA-ga}} (see also {{IPAc-ga}} hereafter) Italian: {{IPA-it}} (see also {{IPAc-it}} hereafter) Japanese: {{IPA-ja}} (see also {{IPAc-ja}} hereafter) Judaeo-Spanish: {{IPA-lad}} Kashmiri: {{IPA-ks}} Kazakh: {{IPA-kk}} Khmer: {{IPA-km}} Klingon: {{IPA-tlh}} Korean: {{IPA-ko}} (see also {{IPAc-ko}} hereafter) Kurdish: {{IPA-ku}} Latin: {{IPA-la}} Latvian: {{IPA-lv}} Laz: {{IPA-lzz}} Lithuanian {{IPA-lt}} Luxembourgish: {{IPA-lb}} Macedonian: {{IPA-mk}} Malagasy: {{IPA-mg}} Malay and Indonesian: {{IPA-may}} & {{IPA-id}} Malayalam: {{IPA-ml}} Maltese: {{IPA-mt}} Mandaic: {{IPA-mid}} Mandarin Chinese: {{IPA-cmn}} (see also {{IPAc-cmn}} hereafter) Manchu: {{IPA-mnc}} Manx: {{IPA-gv}} Māori: {{IPA-mi}} (see also {{IPAc-mi}} hereafter) Marshallese: {{IPA-mh}} (see also {{IPAc-mh}} hereafter) Mayan: {{IPA-myn}} Mingrelian: {{IPA-xmf}} Mongolian: {{IPA-mn}} Nahuatl: {{IPA-nah}} Navajo: {{IPA-nav}} Neapolitan: {{IPA-nap}} Northern Thai: {{IPA-nod}} Norwegian: {{IPA-no}} Occitan: {{IPA-oc}} Oriya: {{IPA-or}} Oromo: {{IPA-om}} Persian: {{IPA-fa}} Polish: {{IPA-pl}} (see also {{IPAc-pl}} hereafter) Portuguese and Galician: {{IPA-pt}} & {{IPA-gl}} Punjabi: {{IPA-pa}} Quechua: {{IPA-qu}} Romanian: {{IPA-ro}} (see also {{IPAc-ro}} hereafter) Romansh: {{IPA-rm}} Russian: {{IPA-ru}} Sanskrit: {{IPA-sa}} Saterland Frisian: {{IPA-stq}} Scottish Gaelic: {{IPA-gd}} Serbian and Croatian: {{IPA-sh}}, {{IPA-hr}}, {{IPA-sr}} Shan and Tai Lü: {{IPA-shn}} Slovak: {{IPA-sk}} Slovene: {{IPA-sl}} Spanish: {{IPA-es}} (see also {{IPAc-es}} hereafter) Svan: {{IPA-sva}} Swazi: {{IPA-ss}} Swedish: {{IPA-sv}} Taiwanese Hokkien: {{IPA-taiwan}} Tagalog (Filipino): {{IPA-tl}} Tamil: {{IPA-ta}} Thai and Lao-Isan: {{IPA-th}} & {{IPA-lo}} Tibetan: {{IPA-bo}} Turkish, Azeri and Turkmen: {{IPA-tr}}, {{IPA-az}} & {{IPA-tk}} Ukrainian: {{IPA-uk}} Venetian: {{IPA-vec}} Vietnamese: {{IPA-vi}} Walloon: {{IPA-wa}} Wandamen: {{IPA-wad}} Welsh: {{IPA-cy}} West Frisian: {{IPA-fy}} Xhosa: {{IPA-xh}} Yiddish: {{IPA-yi}} Zulu: {{IPA-zu}}

IPA-all for not-supported languages

Redirects have been created for languages which do not yet have dedicated templates. Transcriptions which use these redirects will link to {{IPA-all}} for the time being; when a language-specific template is created the articles will be linked correctly. For example, you can use {{IPA-jv|word}} for Javanese, but for the moment it will be redirected to {{IPA-all}}, producing Javanese pronunciation: [word].

Languages and language extensions (IPA-iso) with redirects to IPA-all

{{IPA-all}} (transcriptions not specific to any language, or which have not yet been reassigned) {{IPA-ace}} Acehnese {{IPA-ain}} Ainu {{IPA-ak}} Akan (Fante, Twi) {{IPA-alg}} Algonquian (Micmac, Cree) {{IPA-als}} Albanian dialects {{IPA-an}} Aragonese {{IPA-arn}} Mapuche {{IPA-art}} artificial (Ido, Tolkien, etc.) {{IPA-ath}} Athabaskan (Dene, Navajo) {{IPA-ay}} Aymara {{IPA-azc}} Uto-Aztecan (Shoshone, Comanche) {{IPA-ba}} Bashkir {{IPA-bm}} Manding/Bambara {{IPA-bodia}} Bodish {{IPA-br}} Breton {{IPA-cau}} (North) Caucasian {{IPA-cel}} Celtic (Brythonic, Gaulish) {{IPA-ch}} Chamorro {{IPA-cop}} Coptic {{IPA-csb}} Kashubian {{IPA-cv}} Chuvash {{IPA-dedia}} German dialects {{IPA-dv}} Dhivehi {{IPA-ee}} Gbe (Ewe, Fon) {{IPA-enm}} Middle English {{IPA-esdia}} Spanish dialects {{IPA-fo}} Faroese {{IPA-frdia}} French dialects (Canadian, Metis, Norman) {{IPA-fy}} Frisian {{IPA-gez}} Ge'ez {{IPA-gsw}} Alemannic (Swiss, Alsatian) {{IPA-ha}} Hausa {{IPA-hak}} Hakka {{IPA-hmn}} Hmong {{IPA-ig}} Igbo {{IPA-ik}} Inupiat {{IPA-ira}} Iranian (Old Persian, Kurdish, Pamir) {{IPA-iro}} Iroquoian (Mohawk, Cherokee) {{IPA-itdia}} Italian dialects (Tuscan, Romanesco, Marchigiano, etc.) {{IPA-jv}} Javanese {{IPA-ki}} Kikuyu {{IPA-kl}} Greenlandic {{IPA-kn}} Kannada {{IPA-kok}} Konkani {{IPA-kw}} Cornish {{IPA-ky}} Kyrgyz {{IPA-lg}} Ganda {{IPA-lij}} Ligurian (Genoese) {{IPA-lmo}} Lombard {{IPA-ltc}} Middle Chinese {{IPA-mga}} Middle Irish {{IPA-mnw}} Mon {{IPA-moh}} Mohawk {{IPA-mos}} Mossi/Gurunsi {{IPA-mr}} Marathi {{IPA-mus}} Muskogean (Chickasaw, Creek) {{IPA-nan}} Minnan/Taiwanese {{IPA-ne}} Nepali {{IPA-non}} Old Norse {{IPA-ny}} Chewa {{IPA-oax}} Oaxaca (Zapotec, Mixe, Otomi) {{IPA-pap}} Papiamento {{IPA-pms}} Piedmontese {{IPA-poly}} (other) Polynesian {{IPA-ps}} Pashto {{IPA-rw}} Rwanda-Rundi {{IPA-ryu}} Okinawan langs {{IPA-sal}} Salish & NW Coast {{IPA-scn}} Sicilian {{IPA-sco}} Scots {{IPA-sd}} Sindhi {{IPA-sei}} Seri {{IPA-sem}} (ancient) Semitic, Egyptian {{IPA-sga}} Old Irish {{IPA-si}} Sinhala {{IPA-sio}} Siouan (Omaha, Lakota) {{IPA-sla}} Slavic (old Slavic, Silesian, Sorbian) {{IPA-sm}} Samoan {{IPA-sn}} Shona {{IPA-so}} Somali {{IPA-srd}} Sardinian {{IPA-st}} Sotho {{IPA-su}} Sundanese {{IPA-sw}} Swahili {{IPA-syr}} Syriac {{IPA-te}} Telugu {{IPA-tn}} Tswana {{IPA-to}} Tongan {{IPA-tt}} Tatar {{IPA-tyv}} Tuvan {{IPA-ug}} Uyghur {{IPA-uz}} Uzbek {{IPA-wo}} Wolof {{IPA-wuu}} Wu/Shanghainese {{IPA-xx}} (unidentified) {{IPA-yo}} Yoruba

Conversion to IPA

The template {{x2i}} takes X-SAMPA symbols (ASCII equivalents of IPA symbols) and converts them to IPA.

Other language-specific templates allow you to enter ordinary letters (or conventional ASCII equivalents) in place of IPA characters, and they will be automatically converted to the phonetic symbols that are used to transcribe the language. The templates that are currently available are shown below, with examples:

Arabic, {{IPAc-ar}}	{{IPAc-ar|2|a|l|l|u|gh|a|t_|a|l|3|a|r|a|b|i|y|y|a}} → [ʔalluɣat‿alʕarabijja]
Mandarin, {{IPAc-cmn}}	{{IPAc-cmn|zh|ong|1|h|ua|2|-|r|en|2|m|in|2|-|g|ong|4|h|e|2|g|uo|2}} → [ʈʂʊ́ŋxwǎ ɻə̌nmǐn kʊ̂ŋxɤ̌kwǒ]
German, {{IPAc-de}}	{{IPAc-de|d|er|_|s|o|z|i|a|'|l|I|s|m|u|s|_|,|f|u|n|k|t|i|o|'|n|ie|r|t|_|'|n|I|ch|t}} → [dɐ zot͡sɪaˈliːzmʊz ˌfʊnktɪoˈniːɐ̯t ˈniːçt]
English, {{IPAc-en}}	{{IPAc-en|'|s|&|n|d|k|a:|s|@l}} → /ˈsændkɑːsəl/
Spanish, {{IPAc-es}}	{{IPAc-es|m|i|'|gu|e|l|_|d|e|_|c|e|r|'|v|a|n|t|e|s|_|s|aa|'|v|e|d|r|a}} → [miˈɣel ðe θeɾˈβäntes saːˈβeðɾä]
French, {{IPAc-fr}}	{{IPAc-fr|j|@|-|s|U|i|s_|a|m|é|r|i|c|ain}} → [jə sɥi.z‿ameʁikɛ̃]
Irish, {{IPAc-ga}}	{{IPAc-ga|'|b|ai|l'|@|-|'|á|th|@|-|'|c'|l'|ia|th}} → [ˈbˠalʲə ˈaːhə ˈclʲiəh]
Hebrew, {{IPAc-he}}	{{IPAc-he|y|a|ʿ|a|k|o|v}} → [jaʕakov]
Hungarian, {{IPAc-hu}}	{{IPAc-hu|'|m|a|gy|a|r}} → [ˈmɒɟɒr]
Italian, {{IPAc-it}}	{{IPAc-it|ˈ|i|.|o|_|ˈ|s|o|ː|.|n|o|_|a|.|m|e|.|r|i|ˈ|k|a|ː|.|n|o}} → [ˈi.o ˈsoː.no a.me.riˈkaː.no]
Japanese, {{IPAc-ja}}	{{IPAc-ja|ku|ro|si|o}} → [ku͍ɽoɕio]
Georgian {{IPAc-ka}}	{{IPAc-ka|dz|a|l|a|_|e|r|t|o|b|a|sh|i|a}} → [d͡zɑlɑ ɛrtʰɔbɑʃiɑ]
Korean, {{IPAc-ko}}	{{IPAc-ko|h|a|ng|eo}} → [haːŋəː]
Marshallese, {{IPAc2-mh}}	{{IPAc-mh|m|yay|J|^yeh|r|how|ow}} → [mʲæzʲ(ɛ͡ʌ)rˠɤ͡oo̯]
Māori, {{IPAc-mi}}	{{IPAc-mi|ng|ā|r|u|a|'|w|ā|h|i|a}} → [ŋaːɾʉaˈwaːhia]
Dutch, {{IPAc-nl}}	{{IPAc-nl|ˈ|k|o|n|i|n|k|r|ij|k|_|d|e|r|_|ˈ|n|e|d|-e-|r|l|a|n|d|en}} → [ˈkɔnɪnkrɛik dɛr ˈnɛdərlɑndə(n)]
Polish, {{IPAc-pl}}	{{IPAc-pl|'|sz|cz|e|ć|i|n}} → [ˈʂt͡ʂɛt͡ɕin]
Romanian, {{IPAc-ro}}	{{IPAc-ro|ˈ|m|U|n|ț|ii|_|f|ă|G|ă|ˈ|r|a|ș|U|l|U|i}} → [ˈmunt͡siː fəɡəˈraʃuluj]

See also

• {{respell}}, for pronunciation respellings, which may be used for English words in addition to the IPA
• {{lang-nci-IPA}}, for dual Nahuatl-IPA transcription