Difference between revisions of "War/Generations"
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+ | The concept of '''four generations''' in the history of modern [[warfare]] was created by a team of [[United States]] analysts for the purpose of an argument for "the changing face of war" entering into a "fourth generation". | ||
− | From | + | ==Generations of warfare== |
+ | From [http://web.archive.org/web/20070906195540/http://www.d-n-i.net/fcs/defense_death_spiral/5_evolution.htm "The Defense Death Spiral"] by [[Franklin C. Spinney]] (see also [http://web.archive.org/web/20190726195306/https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Fourth-generation_warfare Fourth-generation warfare]):<br> | ||
− | ==1st Generation: Driven by Ideas== | + | ===1st Generation: Driven by Ideas=== |
*Linear Tactics of Column and Line Regularity Driven by Culture & Technology<br> | *Linear Tactics of Column and Line Regularity Driven by Culture & Technology<br> | ||
*Operational Art Intuitive Napoleonís use of Time & Space to Set Up Decisive Battle on His Terms<br> | *Operational Art Intuitive Napoleonís use of Time & Space to Set Up Decisive Battle on His Terms<br> | ||
− | ==2nd Generation: Attrition Warfare, Driven by Technology== | + | ===2nd Generation: Attrition Warfare, Driven by Technology=== |
*Materialschlacht or Industrial War of Attrition - Civil War to WWI and Most of Allies in 2nd WWII (some exceptions like Patton)<br> | *Materialschlacht or Industrial War of Attrition - Civil War to WWI and Most of Allies in 2nd WWII (some exceptions like Patton)<br> | ||
*Linear Tactics - Regularity Driven by Technology (Indir. Arty, Mach. Guns, Barbed Wire Gave Advantage to Defense)<br> | *Linear Tactics - Regularity Driven by Technology (Indir. Arty, Mach. Guns, Barbed Wire Gave Advantage to Defense)<br> | ||
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*Space-Time Decisions Synchronized 1st by Molke, Based on Mobilization & RR (e.g., Schlieffen Plan)<br> | *Space-Time Decisions Synchronized 1st by Molke, Based on Mobilization & RR (e.g., Schlieffen Plan)<br> | ||
− | ==3rd Generation: Maneuver Warfare, Driven by Ideas== | + | ===3rd Generation: Maneuver Warfare, Driven by Ideas=== |
*Infiltration Tactics (1918) - Blitzkrieg (Guderian) - USMC & OODA Loop (Boyd, 1980s)<br> | *Infiltration Tactics (1918) - Blitzkrieg (Guderian) - USMC & OODA Loop (Boyd, 1980s)<br> | ||
*Nonlinear Tactics - Evolve Penetrations based on Ideas of Surfaces & Gaps, Recon Pull, Multiple Thrusts, Mission Tactics & Decentralized, all harmonized, by Ideas of Commanders Intent & Schwerpunct, etc.<br> | *Nonlinear Tactics - Evolve Penetrations based on Ideas of Surfaces & Gaps, Recon Pull, Multiple Thrusts, Mission Tactics & Decentralized, all harmonized, by Ideas of Commanders Intent & Schwerpunct, etc.<br> | ||
*Operational Art - Dismember & Collapse Adversary by Penetrating Mind-Time-Space Frame of Reference (ie., Penetrate His Observation-Orientation-Decision-Action Loops, 1st Recognized by Boyd)<br> | *Operational Art - Dismember & Collapse Adversary by Penetrating Mind-Time-Space Frame of Reference (ie., Penetrate His Observation-Orientation-Decision-Action Loops, 1st Recognized by Boyd)<br> | ||
− | ==4th Generation: Irregular Warfare by State & Non-State Actors, Driven by Ideas== | + | ===4th Generation: Irregular Warfare by State & Non-State Actors, Driven by Ideas=== |
*Revolutionary (Lawrence - Mao - Giap ) - Ethnic/Tribal/Religious - Gang - Terrorist - etc<br> | *Revolutionary (Lawrence - Mao - Giap ) - Ethnic/Tribal/Religious - Gang - Terrorist - etc<br> | ||
*Tactical Penetration Techniques Still Developing, But are Clearly Spreading w/ Unknown Implications.<br> | *Tactical Penetration Techniques Still Developing, But are Clearly Spreading w/ Unknown Implications.<br> | ||
*Operational Art - Collapse Adversary by Bypassing Army & Attacking Population, Culture, & Institution.<br> | *Operational Art - Collapse Adversary by Bypassing Army & Attacking Population, Culture, & Institution.<br> | ||
− | |||
An example for the application of the 4th generation warfare against an enemy nation by attacking "Culture, & Institution" can be found in the paper: [http://web.archive.org/web/20120505183043/http://www.markdice.com/documents/MindWar_co_authored_by_Michael%20Aquino.pdf "From PSYOP to MindWar:The Psychology of Victory"] by [[Paul E. Vallely]], which was made for the 7th Psychological Operations Group, United States Army Reserve - co-authored by [[Michael Aquino]]. Like [[Zbigniew Brzezinski]] in [https://wikispooks.com/wiki/File:Between_Two_Ages.pdf Between Two Ages], the use of technology to alter the electromagnetic function of the bodies of whole populations is also shortly discussed. | An example for the application of the 4th generation warfare against an enemy nation by attacking "Culture, & Institution" can be found in the paper: [http://web.archive.org/web/20120505183043/http://www.markdice.com/documents/MindWar_co_authored_by_Michael%20Aquino.pdf "From PSYOP to MindWar:The Psychology of Victory"] by [[Paul E. Vallely]], which was made for the 7th Psychological Operations Group, United States Army Reserve - co-authored by [[Michael Aquino]]. Like [[Zbigniew Brzezinski]] in [https://wikispooks.com/wiki/File:Between_Two_Ages.pdf Between Two Ages], the use of technology to alter the electromagnetic function of the bodies of whole populations is also shortly discussed. | ||
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+ | {{SMWDocs}} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
− | + | {{reflist}} | |
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Revision as of 20:25, 23 April 2021
The concept of four generations in the history of modern warfare was created by a team of United States analysts for the purpose of an argument for "the changing face of war" entering into a "fourth generation".
Contents
Generations of warfare
From "The Defense Death Spiral" by Franklin C. Spinney (see also Fourth-generation warfare):
1st Generation: Driven by Ideas
- Linear Tactics of Column and Line Regularity Driven by Culture & Technology
- Operational Art Intuitive Napoleonís use of Time & Space to Set Up Decisive Battle on His Terms
2nd Generation: Attrition Warfare, Driven by Technology
- Materialschlacht or Industrial War of Attrition - Civil War to WWI and Most of Allies in 2nd WWII (some exceptions like Patton)
- Linear Tactics - Regularity Driven by Technology (Indir. Arty, Mach. Guns, Barbed Wire Gave Advantage to Defense)
- Operational Art - Procure Success from Top Down: Move Around Defense to Destroy Adversary in a Battle of Encirclement.
- Space-Time Decisions Synchronized 1st by Molke, Based on Mobilization & RR (e.g., Schlieffen Plan)
3rd Generation: Maneuver Warfare, Driven by Ideas
- Infiltration Tactics (1918) - Blitzkrieg (Guderian) - USMC & OODA Loop (Boyd, 1980s)
- Nonlinear Tactics - Evolve Penetrations based on Ideas of Surfaces & Gaps, Recon Pull, Multiple Thrusts, Mission Tactics & Decentralized, all harmonized, by Ideas of Commanders Intent & Schwerpunct, etc.
- Operational Art - Dismember & Collapse Adversary by Penetrating Mind-Time-Space Frame of Reference (ie., Penetrate His Observation-Orientation-Decision-Action Loops, 1st Recognized by Boyd)
4th Generation: Irregular Warfare by State & Non-State Actors, Driven by Ideas
- Revolutionary (Lawrence - Mao - Giap ) - Ethnic/Tribal/Religious - Gang - Terrorist - etc
- Tactical Penetration Techniques Still Developing, But are Clearly Spreading w/ Unknown Implications.
- Operational Art - Collapse Adversary by Bypassing Army & Attacking Population, Culture, & Institution.
An example for the application of the 4th generation warfare against an enemy nation by attacking "Culture, & Institution" can be found in the paper: "From PSYOP to MindWar:The Psychology of Victory" by Paul E. Vallely, which was made for the 7th Psychological Operations Group, United States Army Reserve - co-authored by Michael Aquino. Like Zbigniew Brzezinski in Between Two Ages, the use of technology to alter the electromagnetic function of the bodies of whole populations is also shortly discussed.