Difference between revisions of "Pujo Committee"
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|wikipedia=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pujo_Committee | |wikipedia=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pujo_Committee | ||
|interests=The Money Trust | |interests=The Money Trust | ||
| − | |constitutes=subcommittee, | + | |constitutes=subcommittee, Congressional hearing |
|leaders= | |leaders= | ||
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|description=A US congressional subcommittee that probed the [[Money Trust]]. The original chair, Arsene Pujo, withdrew after about a month, so it was actually chaired by [[Hubert D. Stephens]]. | |description=A US congressional subcommittee that probed the [[Money Trust]]. The original chair, Arsene Pujo, withdrew after about a month, so it was actually chaired by [[Hubert D. Stephens]]. | ||
}} | }} | ||
| − | The '''Pujo Committee''' was a [[US congressional subcommittee]] in | + | The '''Pujo Committee''' was a [[US congressional subcommittee]] in [[1912]]–[[1913]] that was formed to investigate the so-called "[[money trust]]", a community of [[Wall Street]] bankers and financiers that exerted powerful control over the nation's finances. |
==Origins== | ==Origins== | ||
[[Charles Lindbergh Sr.]] introduced a resolution for a probe on Wall Street power. This authorised [[Arsène Pujo]] of Louisiana to form a subcommittee of the [[US House Committee on Banking and Currency|House Committee on Banking and Currency]]. | [[Charles Lindbergh Sr.]] introduced a resolution for a probe on Wall Street power. This authorised [[Arsène Pujo]] of Louisiana to form a subcommittee of the [[US House Committee on Banking and Currency|House Committee on Banking and Currency]]. | ||
| − | In March 1912, approximately a month after it received authorization, Pujo's wife became ill, forcing him to take an indefinite leave of absence from the investigation. His successor was Representative [[Hubert D. Stephens]] of Mississippi. Witnesses were first examined on May 16, 1912.<ref name=Report>Pujo, Arsene. [https://www.scribd.com/doc/34121180/Pujo-Committee-Report-Report-of-the-Committee-Appointed-Pursuant-to-House-Resolutions-429-and-504-1912-1913-Pujo-Committee-Report ''Report of the Committee Appointed Pursuant to House Resolutions 429 and 504 to Investigate the Concentration of Control of Money and Credit'']. Washington: Government Printing Office. February 28, 1913.</ref> | + | In March [[1912]], approximately a month after it received authorization, Pujo's wife became ill, forcing him to take an indefinite leave of absence from the investigation. His successor was Representative [[Hubert D. Stephens]] of Mississippi. Witnesses were first examined on May 16, 1912.<ref name=Report>Pujo, Arsene. [https://www.scribd.com/doc/34121180/Pujo-Committee-Report-Report-of-the-Committee-Appointed-Pursuant-to-House-Resolutions-429-and-504-1912-1913-Pujo-Committee-Report ''Report of the Committee Appointed Pursuant to House Resolutions 429 and 504 to Investigate the Concentration of Control of Money and Credit'']. Washington: Government Printing Office. February 28, 1913.</ref> |
The investigation originally intended to examine data from 1905–1912 regarding all loans of $1,000,000 or greater. However, the [[Comptroller of the Currency]] furnished only a fraction of the overall data, hampering the investigation's scope. | The investigation originally intended to examine data from 1905–1912 regarding all loans of $1,000,000 or greater. However, the [[Comptroller of the Currency]] furnished only a fraction of the overall data, hampering the investigation's scope. | ||
==Report== | ==Report== | ||
| − | The [[Pujo Committee Report]] concluded in 1913 that found that "180 individuals" covering "341 directorships in 112 corporations...[possessed] $22,245,000,000 in aggregate resources of capitalization."<ref>"Morgan Reveals Business of Firm." ''The New York Times''. December 19, 1912.</ref> Finally, it was concluded that a system is known as "Banking Ethics" ''prohibited'' competition among banks and firms. Also, a community of influential financial leaders had gained control of major manufacturing, transportation, mining, telecommunications and financial markets of the United States.{{Clarify|date=January 2014}} The report revealed that at least eighteen different major financial corporations were under the control of a cartel led by [[J. P. Morgan]], [[George F. Baker]] and [[James Stillman]]. These three men, through the resources of seven banks and trust companies (Banker’s Trust Co., Guaranty Trust Co., Astor Trust Co., National Bank of Commerce, Liberty National Bank, Chase National Bank, Farmer’s Loan and Trust Co.) controlled an estimated $2.1 billion. The report revealed that a handful of men held manipulative control of the New York Stock Exchange and attempted to evade interstate trade laws. | + | The [[Pujo Committee Report]] concluded in [[1913]] that found that "180 individuals" covering "341 directorships in 112 corporations...[possessed] $22,245,000,000 in aggregate resources of capitalization."<ref>"Morgan Reveals Business of Firm." ''The New York Times''. December 19, 1912.</ref> Finally, it was concluded that a system is known as "Banking Ethics" ''prohibited'' competition among banks and firms. Also, a community of influential financial leaders had gained control of major manufacturing, transportation, mining, telecommunications and financial markets of the United States.{{Clarify|date=January 2014}} The report revealed that at least eighteen different major financial corporations were under the control of a cartel led by [[J. P. Morgan]], [[George F. Baker]] and [[James Stillman]]. These three men, through the resources of seven banks and trust companies (Banker’s Trust Co., Guaranty Trust Co., Astor Trust Co., National Bank of Commerce, Liberty National Bank, Chase National Bank, Farmer’s Loan and Trust Co.) controlled an estimated $2.1 billion. The report revealed that a handful of men held manipulative control of the New York Stock Exchange and attempted to evade interstate trade laws. |
The Pujo Report singled out individual bankers including [[Paul Warburg]], [[Jacob H. Schiff]], [[Felix M. Warburg]], [[Frank E. Peabody]], [[William Rockefeller]] and [[Benjamin Strong, Jr.]]. The report identified over $22 billion in resources and capitalization controlled through 341 directorships held in 112 corporations by members of the empire headed by [[J.P. Morgan]].<ref name=Report/> | The Pujo Report singled out individual bankers including [[Paul Warburg]], [[Jacob H. Schiff]], [[Felix M. Warburg]], [[Frank E. Peabody]], [[William Rockefeller]] and [[Benjamin Strong, Jr.]]. The report identified over $22 billion in resources and capitalization controlled through 341 directorships held in 112 corporations by members of the empire headed by [[J.P. Morgan]].<ref name=Report/> | ||
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For more information, see also: [[Arsène Pujo]] | For more information, see also: [[Arsène Pujo]] | ||
{{FA|Arsène Pujo}} | {{FA|Arsène Pujo}} | ||
| + | or read the full report as A pdf file: | ||
| + | {{FA|File:PujoCommitteeReport.pdf}} | ||
==Findings== | ==Findings== | ||
Latest revision as of 10:37, 11 December 2023
 Pujo Committee  (Subcommittee, Congressional hearing)   | |
|---|---|
| Formation | February 1912 |
| Extinction | 1913 |
| Interests | The Money Trust |
| Membership | •  Arsene Pujo• Hubert D. Stephens • Samuel Untermyer •  [[..|...]] |
| A US congressional subcommittee that probed the Money Trust. The original chair, Arsene Pujo, withdrew after about a month, so it was actually chaired by Hubert D. Stephens. | |
The Pujo Committee was a US congressional subcommittee in 1912–1913 that was formed to investigate the so-called "money trust", a community of Wall Street bankers and financiers that exerted powerful control over the nation's finances.
Origins
Charles Lindbergh Sr. introduced a resolution for a probe on Wall Street power. This authorised Arsène Pujo of Louisiana to form a subcommittee of the House Committee on Banking and Currency.
In March 1912, approximately a month after it received authorization, Pujo's wife became ill, forcing him to take an indefinite leave of absence from the investigation. His successor was Representative Hubert D. Stephens of Mississippi. Witnesses were first examined on May 16, 1912.[1]
The investigation originally intended to examine data from 1905–1912 regarding all loans of $1,000,000 or greater. However, the Comptroller of the Currency furnished only a fraction of the overall data, hampering the investigation's scope.
Report
The Pujo Committee Report concluded in 1913 that found that "180 individuals" covering "341 directorships in 112 corporations...[possessed] $22,245,000,000 in aggregate resources of capitalization."[2] Finally, it was concluded that a system is known as "Banking Ethics" prohibited competition among banks and firms. Also, a community of influential financial leaders had gained control of major manufacturing, transportation, mining, telecommunications and financial markets of the United States.[clarification needed] The report revealed that at least eighteen different major financial corporations were under the control of a cartel led by J. P. Morgan, George F. Baker and James Stillman. These three men, through the resources of seven banks and trust companies (Banker’s Trust Co., Guaranty Trust Co., Astor Trust Co., National Bank of Commerce, Liberty National Bank, Chase National Bank, Farmer’s Loan and Trust Co.) controlled an estimated $2.1 billion. The report revealed that a handful of men held manipulative control of the New York Stock Exchange and attempted to evade interstate trade laws.
The Pujo Report singled out individual bankers including Paul Warburg, Jacob H. Schiff, Felix M. Warburg, Frank E. Peabody, William Rockefeller and Benjamin Strong, Jr.. The report identified over $22 billion in resources and capitalization controlled through 341 directorships held in 112 corporations by members of the empire headed by J.P. Morgan.[1]
For more information, see also: Arsène Pujo
- Full article: Arsène Pujo
- Full article: Arsène Pujo
or read the full report as A pdf file:
- Full article: File:PujoCommitteeReport.pdf
- Full article: File:PujoCommitteeReport.pdf
Findings
In 1913–1914, the findings inspired public support for ratification of the Sixteenth Amendment that authorized a federal income tax, passage of the Federal Reserve Act,[citation needed][clarification needed] and passage of the Clayton Antitrust Act.
Known member
1 of the 4 of the members already have pages here:
| Member | Description |
|---|---|
| Arsène Pujo | Campaigning member of the US House of Representatives. |
References
- ↑ a b Pujo, Arsene. Report of the Committee Appointed Pursuant to House Resolutions 429 and 504 to Investigate the Concentration of Control of Money and Credit. Washington: Government Printing Office. February 28, 1913.
- ↑ "Morgan Reveals Business of Firm." The New York Times. December 19, 1912.
