WW1/Key Players

WW1/Key Players
Key architects and arbiters of British policy and events during the 25 or so years leading up to the outbreak of World War I.

Table 1. Members and associates of the Secret 'Deep State' Elite up to 1914

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Those given by Professor Quigley as members of the Rhodes secret society are marked ♦.

Name	♦	Notes	Crown Honours
Albert Edward Saxe-Coburg (Edward VII)		King/Emperor of United Kingdom and dominions 1901–10, responsible for entente with France and Russia, much-travelled diplomat and schemer for Empire
Amery, Rt Hon. Leo	♦	Balliol, All Souls, Kindergarten, Round Table, lifelong friend of Alfred Milner, Conservative MP	Companion of Honour
Asquith, Herbert		Liberal imperialist, Relugas Three member, British prime minister 1908–16	1st Earl of Oxford and Asquith
Astor, Waldorf	♦	American-born, Eton and Oxford, newspaper owner	2nd Viscount Astor
Balfour, Rt Hon. Arthur	♦	British prime minister 1902–05, leader of Conservative Party, foreign secretary	1916–19, 1st Earl of Balfour
Bailey, Abe	♦	Tied to Rhodes and South African goldbugs, heavily fined for Jameson Raid involvement, financially supported Round Table and imperialist causes	KCMG
Beit, Alfred	♦	Millionaire colleague of Cecil Rhodes, involved in supporting Jameson Raid, founder of De Beers and British South Africa Company, imperialist, Round Table financier, gifted chair of Commonwealth history to Oxford University,	baronetcy
Bertie, Francis		Ambassador at Paris 1905–18, played a major role in the Entente Cordiale, privy counsellor	several knighthoods, including Grand Cross Order of the Bath, Viscount Bertie of Thame
Buchanan, George		British ambassador at St Petersburg 1910–17, played major role from 1910 in reassuring Russian foreign minister Sazonov, privy counsellor	Knighthood
Carson, Edward		Barrister and Conservative MP, Ulster Unionist leader	Knighthood, 1st Baron Carson
Cassel, Ernest		German-born banker, financier and businessman, close to King Edward VII and Lord Esher, friend of Alfred Milner, sent to Berlin before Haldane’s ‘Mission’	Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
Cecil, Lord Robert	♦	Conservative politician, son of Lord Salisbury	Viscount Cecil of Chelswood
Chamberlain, Joseph		Conservative, secretary of state for colonies during the Boer War
Childers, Erskine		Influential author, friend of Lord Roberts and Churchill, cousin to Chancellor Hugh Childers, apparent ‘gun-runner’ for Irish Nationalists but immediately recruited to Admiralty duties at start of war
Churchill, Winston		Aristocrat who moved naturally in Secret Elite circles, self-publicist, and opportunist, maverick Conservative who crossed to Liberals in 1904, home secretary 1910–11, First Lord of Admiralty 1911–15	Knight Companion Order of the Garter
Crawford, Fred		Director of ordnance for the UVF, responsible for the successful importation of German guns to Larne	Commander of the British Empire
Crowe, Eyre		German-born diplomat, Foreign Office mentor to Sir Edward Grey, wrote key memoranda about the need for war with Germany	Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
Curtis, Lionel	♦	Milner’s Kindergarten, All Souls, Round Table, Beit lecturer in colonial history, Oxford 1912
Curzon, George		Eton and Balliol, All Souls, Grillion’s, viceroy of India 1899–1905, chancellor of Oxford University	1st Marquis Curzon of Kedleston
Dawson, Geoffrey	♦	Eton, Oxford, All Souls, Milner protégé, Kindergarten, Milner had him appointed editor of the Johannesburg Star, editor of The Times 1912–19, prominent imperialist
de Bunsen, Sir Maurice		British ambassador at Madrid 1906–13, Vienna 1913–14, Knighthood and 1st Baronet de Bunsen of Abbey Lodge
Esher, Reginald	♦	Co-founder of Rhodes’ secret society, South African War Commission, permanent member of Committee of Imperial Defence, personal friend and representative of King Edward	Viscount Esher
Fisher, John (Jacky)		Admiral, first sea lord 1904–10, 1914–15, close to Milner and British royal family, advised ‘Copenhagening’ German fleet	1st Baron Fisher
French, John		Roberts’ Academy, Anglo-Irish Cavalry officer in Boer War, chief of imperial general staff 1912, commander in chief of British Expeditionary Force 1914	Viscount Fisher, 1st Earl Ypres
Goschen, Edward		Ambassador at Berlin, 1908–14, Knight Grand Cross Royal Victorian Order, privy counsellor	1st Baronet of Beacon Lodge
Grey, Albert	♦	Governor General of Canada 1904–11, Rhodes trustee, British South Africa Company	Grand Cross Order of the Bath
Grey, Sir Edward		Balliol, Grillion’s and The Club, Liberal imperialist, member of Relugas Three, British foreign secretary 1905–16	Viscount Grey of Fallodon
Haldane, Richard B.		Liberal imperialist, member of Relugas Three, secretary of state for war 1905–12, lord chancellor 1912–15, favourite of King Edward	Viscount Haldane of Cloan
Hankey, Maurice	♦	Background in naval intelligence, assistant secretary to Committee of Imperial Defence in 1908, secretary from 1912, ensured that every government department, save the Treasury, had a war book prepared in advance of August 1914	1st Baron Hankey
Hardinge, Sir Charles		Diplomat, ambassador at St Petersburg 1904–06, permanent under-secretary at Foreign Office 1906–10 and 1916–20, personal friend and advisor to King Edward VII, accompanied him on all foreign diplomatic tours	1st Baron Hardinge of Penshurst
Jameson, Leander Starr	♦	Scottish doctor, close personal friend and colleague of Rhodes and Milner, took the blame for the botched Jameson Raid in the Transvaal, imprisoned in Holloway, rewarded by Secret Elite, prime minister of Cape Colony 1904–08, freedom of cities of Edinburgh, London and Manchester	Knighthood, KCMG and 1st Baron Jameson
Kipling, Rudyard		British author, poet and imperialist, personal friend of Cecil Rhodes and Alfred Milner, Kipling wrote jingoistic poems in praise of militarism, connected to Lord Roberts, Ulster and the Empire, awarded Nobel Prize for Literature in 1907
Kitchener, Herbert		British soldier and national hero, commander-in-chief 1914–16, secretary of state for war 1914–16	1st Earl Kitchener
Lansdowne, Henry		Governor General of Canada 1883–88, viceroy of India 1888–94, secretary of state for war 1895–1900, foreign secretary 1900–05, senior and influential Conservative, close confidant of A.J. Balfour	Marquis of Lansdowne
Long, Walter		Conservative politician, backed by Lord Salisbury, chief secretary for Ireland 1905, member of the Ulster Defence League	1st Viscount Long
Lloyd George, David		Liberal MP, anti-war, chancellor of Exchequer 1908–16, involved in many scandals	1st Earl Lloyd George of Dwyfor
Milner, Alfred	♦	Balliol and fellow of New College, intimate of Rhodes, acknowledged leader of the Secret Elite from around 1900, created the Boer War, governor of Cape Colony and high commissioner for Southern Africa 1897–1901, mentor for the Round Table, Conservative politician	1st Viscount Milner of St James
Nicolson, Arthur		Senior diplomat, ambassador at Madrid 1904–05 and St Petersburg 1906–10, permanent under-secretary at the Foreign Office 1910–16, controlled the Foreign Office and guided Edward Grey, attended Committee of Imperial Defence, close to Alfred Milner, member of Grillion’s	Knight Grand Cross Order of the Bath, 1st Baron Carnock
Ottley, Charles		Director of Naval Intelligence 1905–07, secretary to Committee of Imperial Defence 1908–12, director of Armstrong Whitworth & Co.	Knighthood, KCMG
Paget, Arthur		Commander-in-chief in Ireland 1912–14, deeply involved with the Curragh incident	Knight Grand Cross Order of the Bath, Knight Grand Cross, Royal Victorian Order
Repington, Charles		Ex-army officer, war correspondent and journalist, had his own office in the War Office, wrote for The Times, linked to the joint discussions with French military
Rhodes, Cecil John	♦	Founder member of secret society, Oxford scholar, British race patriot, used his fortune to promote the British Empire to control civilised world, millionaire South African gold and diamond magnate, British South Africa Company, prime minister of Cape Colony 1890–96, Rhodesia named after him, owed much to Rothschild funding, donated his estate to Rhodes Scholarships and the trustees had great power in using his fortune, complete faith in Alfred Milner – his chosen successor and trustee, privy counsellor
Roberts, Frederick Sleigh		Most senior British Army officer of his time, last commander-in-chief before post abolished in 1904, founder of the Roberts ‘Academy’ – trusted officers schooled in his own image – advocated conscription and increased spending on army, close friend of Milner and Esher	1st Earl Roberts, Viscount St Pierre
Rosebery, Lord	♦	(Also known as Archibald Primrose, Lord Dalmeny) Eton and Oxford, British prime minister 1894–95, leading Liberal, patron and friend of Milner and the Relugas Three	5th Earl Rosebery
Rothschild, Nathaniel	♦	International banker and financier, head of British branch of Rothschild dynasty, close Cambridge friend of Prince Albert Edward, later Edward VII, whose gambling debts he covered generously, trustee of Rhodes’ early wills, friend of Milner, used J.P. Morgan as front to cover family involvement in America/Wall Street, massive investor in gold, diamonds, oil, steel, railways and armaments	1st Baron Rothschild
Selborne, Earl (W.W. Palmer)	♦	Lifelong Oxford friend of Milner, worked on his behalf as under-secretary at the Colonial Office, privy counsellor	KCMG
Shaw, Flora	♦	Pro-Boer War Times columnist, friend of Milner and corresponded with him to promote the war in South Africa, belittled the alarmists on concentration camps and rewrote the ‘History of the South African War’ for Encyclopaedia Britannica	Dame Flora Shaw, Lady Lugard
Stead, William T.	♦	Co-founder of Rhodes’ secret society, campaigning journalist, imperialist, pro-naval spending, fell out with Secret Elite over the Boer War and removed as trustee of Rhodes’ last will
Williams, Basil		Milner’s Kindergarten, close friend of Erskine Childers, professor of history at Edinburgh University 1925–37, contributor to the Oxford History of England	OBE
Wilson, Henry		Protégé of Lord Roberts, brigadier general of Camberley Staff College, director of military operations at the War Office, pro Ulster Unionist and UVF admirer, prepared plans for BEF, member of Committee of Imperial Defence, secretly briefed Milner and Conservatives against his own government	1st Baron Wilson of Currygrane

Table 2. British politicians and writers NOT associated with the Secret 'Deep State' Elite

Name	Notes
Campbell-Bannerman, Sir Henry	Liberal leader and prime minister 1905–08
Durham, Edith	British traveller and writer who wrote extensively about the Balkans and the ethnic massacres, highly critical of British Foreign Office, which ignored her work
Morel, Edmund	Journalist, author and socially aware MP, imprisoned for his pacifism, wrote extensively about the warmongers, outspoken critic of Grey and Asquith, one of the most important pre-war commentators
Morley, John	Prominent Liberal, secretary of state for India, resigned as lord president of the council in 1914 because Grey and Asquith declared war, Viscount Morley of Blackburn
Ponsonby, Arthur	Eton and Balliol, Liberal MP, outspoken critic of Sir Edward Grey, went to the House of Lords in 1930

Table 3. Foreign personnel

Those considered agents of the British Secret 'Deep State' Elite are identified with ♦.

Name	♦	Notes
Aehrenthal, Count Alois		Austrian minister of foreign affairs 1906–12
Artamanov, Viktor		Russian military attaché in Belgrade, key link between Hartwig and the Sarajevo assassins
Caillaux, Joseph		French prime minister 1911–12, socialist, anti-war, resolved the conflict with Germany over Morocco
Cambon, Jules		French ambassador at Berlin 1907–14, head of French Foreign Ministry 1914–18
Cambon, Paul	♦	French ambassador at London 1898–1920, played important role in entente and in diplomatic exchanges that helped cement Anglo-French relations
Ciganovic, Milan		Conspired with Serbian military and secret service to help the Young Bosnians, informant for Prime Minister Pasic, who shielded him after the assassination
Delcassé, Theophile	♦	French foreign minister 1898–1905, Revanchist, anti-German, friend of King Edward VII, played major role in entente, dismissed from government in 1905, reinstated in 1911 as minister of marine, ambassador at St Petersburg 1913–14, supported by Secret Elite
Dimitrijevic, Dragutin – (Apis)		Serbian nationalist leader, head of Masonic-like secret order the Black Hand, commanded large military following, complicit in regicide of King Alexander in 1903, initially supported Prime Minister Pasic
Greindl, Baron Jules		Belgian ambassador at Berlin 1888–1912, very astute, his observations were highly accurate
Guillaume, Baron		Belgian minister at Berlin
Hartwig, Nicholas		Russian minister at Tehran 1906–08, minister at Belgrade 1909–14, controlled Pasic government in Serbia, Isvolsky’s alter ego, died 1914 under suspicious circumstances
Isvolsky, Alexander	♦	Russian ambassador at Copenhagen 1903, friend of King Edward VII, Russian foreign minister 1906–10, ambassador to Paris 1910–16, bribed French press and deputies, close to Poincaré and Delcassé, stirred trouble in Balkans, died suddenly while writing memoirs
Jaurès, Jean		French Socialist leader, strongly anti-war, assassinated 31 July 1914, his assailant was acquitted
Lichnowsky, Prince		German ambassador at London 1912–14, said to be very pro-English and had been sucked into ‘society’ in London
Louis, George		French ambassador at St Petersburg, disliked and dismissed by Poincaré, distrusted the Revanchists, was kept away from the real business when French government visited Russia in 1912
Malobabić, Rade		Chief undercover operative for Serbian military intelligence, helped plan assassination in Sarajevo
Morgan, John Pierpont	♦	Pilgrim, New York banker and financier, closely associated with the Rothschild dynasty, anglophile, worked to achieve Federal Reserve
Nicholas II – Czar		weak-willed and vacillating hereditary leader of Russia, his government struggled against popular labour unrest and demands for democracy, responding with disgraceful attacks on strikers and vicious anti-Jewish pogroms
Pasic, Nikola (Paschitsch)		Prime minister of Serbia (five terms 1891–1918), directed by the Russian ambassador, Hartwig
Princip, Gavrilo		Student assassin, shot Archduke Ferdinand and his wife in Sarajevo, alleged to have started the First World War
Poincaré, Raymond	♦	Revanchist prime minister (five terms), president of France 1913–20, indebted to Isvolsky and Secret Elite funding for winning office, anti-German, pro-war politician and colleague of Delcassé
Sazonov, Sergei	♦	Russian foreign minister 1910–16, served in London embassy before being appointed successor to Alexander Isvolsky, who remained his trusted mentor and advisor
Schiff, Jacob	♦	Pilgrim, New York banker and financier, Kuhn, Loeb & Co., friend of Sir Ernest Cassel and Rothschilds, played a leading role in raising funds for Japan during war with Russia
Shelking, Eugenii		Russian diplomat, journalist, St Petersburg correspondent for Le Temps, travelled widely in the Balkans
Smuts, Jan	♦	Rhodes’ protégé in South Africa before the Boer War, changed sides to Kruger in dubious circumstances, post-Boer War he held high office in South Africa, remained firm friend of Alfred Milner, Order of Merit, privy counsellor, Companion of Honour
Tankosić, Major Vojislav		Major in Serbian army, trained Young Bosnian assassins in run up to Sarajevo
von Bethmann-Hollweg, Theobald		German chancellor 1909–17
von Benckendorff, Count		Russian ambassador at London 1903–17, close to Sir Edward Grey, popular in London society
von Jagow, Gottlieb		German foreign minister 1913–16
Warburg, Paul	♦	German-born US banker, linked to Rothschilds, instrumental in setting up Federal Reserve System
Wilson, Woodrow	♦	President of United States of America 1912–20, funded and controlled by Secret Elite associates
Young Bosnians		Revolutionary student group who imagined that the assassination of Franz Ferdinand would lead to socialism in the Balkan States, included Danilo Ilić, Gavrilo Princip

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