Shimla Agreement
 Shimla Agreement  (Treaty)   | |
|---|---|
| Start | 2 July 1972 |
The Shimla Agreement is a peace treaty signed between India and Pakistan on 2 July 1972 in Shimla (also spelled Simla), the capital of Himachal Pradesh.[1] It followed the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, which began after India intervened in East Pakistan as an ally of Mukti Bahini who were fighting against Pakistani state forces in the Bangladesh Liberation War.[2]
The treaty's official purpose was stated to serve as a way for both countries to "put an end to the conflict and confrontation that have hitherto marred their relations" and to conceive the steps to be taken for further normalisation of India–Pakistan relations while also laying down the principles that should govern their future interactions.
The treaty gave back more than 13,000 km2 of land that the Indian Army had seized in Pakistan during the war and Pakistan also give back land that was captured during the war, though India retained a few strategic areas, including Turtuk, Dhothang, Tyakshi (earlier called Tiaqsi) and Chalunka of Chorbat Valley, which was more than 883 km2. Meanwhile, Pakistan retained Chumb City.
In 2025, Pakistan suspended the Simla Agreement in response to India's abeyance of the Indus Waters Treaty, after Pakistan's alleged involvement in 2025 Pahalgam attack.
References
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