Difference between revisions of "Edward Shackleton"
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| − | '''Edward Arthur Alexander Shackleton, Baron Shackleton''', , [[ | + | '''Edward Arthur Alexander Shackleton, Baron Shackleton''', <ref>https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frsbm.1999.0032</ref> was a British [[geographer]] and [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] politician. |
| + | |||
| + | ==Early life and career== | ||
| + | Born in [[Wandsworth]], London, Shackleton was the younger son of [[Emily Shackleton|Emily Mary]] and Sir [[Ernest Shackleton]], the Antarctic explorer. The young Edward Shackleton was educated at [[Radley College]], a boarding [[independent school]] for boys near the village of [[Radley]] in [[Oxfordshire]], followed by [[Magdalen College, Oxford|Magdalen College]] at the [[University of Oxford]].<ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-lord-shackleton-1450860.html</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Shackleton arranged the 1932 [[Oxford University Exploration Club]] expedition to [[Sarawak]] in [[Borneo]] organized by [[Tom Harrisson]]. During this trip he was the first to attain the peak of [[Mount Mulu]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | In 1934 Shackleton organised the Oxford University [[Ellesmere Land]] Expedition and chose [[Gordon Noel Humphreys]] to lead it. Shackleton accompanied the party as the assistant surveyor to Humphreys. The expedition was eventually responsible for naming [[Mount Oxford (Nunavut)|Mount Oxford]] (after the [[University of Oxford]]) and the [[British Empire Range]]. On leaving university, he worked as a Talks Producer for the BBC in [[Northern Ireland]] – an experience that turned him away from the Conservative Party towards Labour. After wartime service in the RAF, Shackleton was appointed an [[Officer of the Order of the British Empire]] (OBE) in 1945.<ref>https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/37119/supplement/2949</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Political life== | ||
| + | He stood unsuccessfully for Labour at [[Epsom (UK Parliament constituency)|Epsom]] in the [[1945 United Kingdom general election|1945 general election]] and in the [[1945 Bournemouth by-election]]. In 1946, Shackleton was elected as Labour Member of Parliament for [[Preston (UK Parliament constituency)|Preston]] in a by-election. In 1949 Attlee appointed him [[Parliamentary Private Secretary|PPS]] to [[Minister of Supply]], [[George Strauss]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | A boundary change divided Preston into two seats, and he was elected MP for [[Preston South (UK Parliament constituency)|Preston South]] on a much-reduced majority. The following year he was promoted to be PPS to [[Lord President of the Council]] and [[Foreign Secretary]], [[Herbert Morrison]], one of the heavyweight political figures in the post-war government. He was re-elected in 1951. | ||
| + | |||
| + | In 1955, he was defeated and so Hugh Gaitskell recommended Shackleton to the Prime Minister. He was created a [[life peer]] by [[letters patent]] as '''Baron Shackleton''', of [[Burley, Hampshire|Burley]] in the [[County of Southampton]] on 11 August 1958. Lord Shackleton delivered his maiden speech on 11 November in a debate on Wages Councils, a bill he thoroughly approved and welcomed to increase understanding between unions and management. | ||
| + | |||
| + | In [[Harold Wilson]]'s government, he served as [[Minister of Defence]] for the [[Royal Air Force|RAF]] 1964–67. He was sworn of the [[Privy Council]] in 1966, and made Deputy Leader of the House of Lords a year later. As [[Minister without portfolio (United Kingdom)|Minister without Portfolio]] 1967–1968 and [[Paymaster General]] 1968 he had a seat on the cabinet. During the [[Aden Emergency]] he was sent on a Special Mission as British Resident to help with the withdrawal. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Typically promoted by Wilson in an April, after the budget, he was made Leader of the [[House of Lords]] from 1968–70, and subsequently sat as Opposition Leader in the [[House of Lords]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | He was used again on the Wilsonian reforms proposed for the Lords, liaising between committees and sub-committees, designed to reduce the Lords delaying powers from two years to just six months, but the Prime Minister dropped the bill in April 1969 to "concentrate on priorities." Sitting on the committee for Civil Service Reform he successfully widened access to entry for scientists. | ||
| + | |||
| + | From 1971, Shackleton was President of the [[Royal Geographical Society]]. Lord Shackleton was appointed a [[Knight Companion of the Order of the Garter]] in 1974. From 1976 until 1992 he was Chairman of the joint-Political Honours and Scrutiny Committee. Lord Shackleton's report, commissioned by [[James Callaghan]] described the economic future of the [[Falkland Islands]], the value of the being British to the islanders, and how their lot could be improved. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Between 1988-89 he chaired the Lords Science and Technology Committee, which culminated in 1989 when he was elected a [[Fellow of the Royal Society]] under Statute 12 (effectively an honorary member).<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biographical_Memoirs_of_Fellows_of_the_Royal_Society</ref> He was also Chairman of the East European Trade Council<ref>https://www.theyworkforyou.com/lords/?id=2016-07-07a.2142.0</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | In 1990 Shackleton was appointed an honorary Companion of the [[Order of Australia]] (AC), Australia's highest civilian honour, "for service to Australian/British relations, particularly through the [[Britain–Australia Society]].<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110604114946/http://www.itsanhonour.gov.au/honours/honour_roll/search.cfm?aus_award_id=882096&search_type=simple&showInd=true</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Lord Shackleton was Pro-Chancellor of the [[University of Southampton]], in which role he was deeply interested in the development of [[geography]] at Southampton. | ||
| + | |||
| + | In 1994 he became the Life President of the newly founded James Caird Society, named after the boat in which his explorer father and crew escaped Antarctica (itself, in turn, named for [[James Key Caird]], [[jute]] baron and philanthropist). He acted also as patron of the [[British Schools Exploring Society]] (B.S.E.S.) from 1962 until his death in the [[New Forest]] aged 83.<ref>''Who's Who and Who was Who,'' (London, 2018)</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Personal life== | ||
| + | In 1938, Shackleton married Betty Homan, and they had two children: the Hon. Charles Edward Ernest Shackleton and the Hon. Alexandra Shackleton. | ||
{{SMWDocs}} | {{SMWDocs}} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
| − | |||
Revision as of 19:22, 25 August 2022
 Edward Shackleton    (politician, geographer) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Born | 15 July 1911 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Died | 22 September 1994 (Age 83) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nationality | UK | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alma mater | Magdalen College, Oxford | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Children | Charles Alexandra | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Spouse | Betty Horman | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Member of | Trilateral Commission | ||||||||||||||||||||||
British Labour leader, Trilateral Commission
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Edward Arthur Alexander Shackleton, Baron Shackleton, [1] was a British geographer and Labour Party politician.
Contents
Early life and career
Born in Wandsworth, London, Shackleton was the younger son of Emily Mary and Sir Ernest Shackleton, the Antarctic explorer. The young Edward Shackleton was educated at Radley College, a boarding independent school for boys near the village of Radley in Oxfordshire, followed by Magdalen College at the University of Oxford.[2]
Shackleton arranged the 1932 Oxford University Exploration Club expedition to Sarawak in Borneo organized by Tom Harrisson. During this trip he was the first to attain the peak of Mount Mulu.
In 1934 Shackleton organised the Oxford University Ellesmere Land Expedition and chose Gordon Noel Humphreys to lead it. Shackleton accompanied the party as the assistant surveyor to Humphreys. The expedition was eventually responsible for naming Mount Oxford (after the University of Oxford) and the British Empire Range. On leaving university, he worked as a Talks Producer for the BBC in Northern Ireland – an experience that turned him away from the Conservative Party towards Labour. After wartime service in the RAF, Shackleton was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in 1945.[3]
Political life
He stood unsuccessfully for Labour at Epsom in the 1945 general election and in the 1945 Bournemouth by-election. In 1946, Shackleton was elected as Labour Member of Parliament for Preston in a by-election. In 1949 Attlee appointed him PPS to Minister of Supply, George Strauss.
A boundary change divided Preston into two seats, and he was elected MP for Preston South on a much-reduced majority. The following year he was promoted to be PPS to Lord President of the Council and Foreign Secretary, Herbert Morrison, one of the heavyweight political figures in the post-war government. He was re-elected in 1951.
In 1955, he was defeated and so Hugh Gaitskell recommended Shackleton to the Prime Minister. He was created a life peer by letters patent as Baron Shackleton, of Burley in the County of Southampton on 11 August 1958. Lord Shackleton delivered his maiden speech on 11 November in a debate on Wages Councils, a bill he thoroughly approved and welcomed to increase understanding between unions and management.
In Harold Wilson's government, he served as Minister of Defence for the RAF 1964–67. He was sworn of the Privy Council in 1966, and made Deputy Leader of the House of Lords a year later. As Minister without Portfolio 1967–1968 and Paymaster General 1968 he had a seat on the cabinet. During the Aden Emergency he was sent on a Special Mission as British Resident to help with the withdrawal.
Typically promoted by Wilson in an April, after the budget, he was made Leader of the House of Lords from 1968–70, and subsequently sat as Opposition Leader in the House of Lords.
He was used again on the Wilsonian reforms proposed for the Lords, liaising between committees and sub-committees, designed to reduce the Lords delaying powers from two years to just six months, but the Prime Minister dropped the bill in April 1969 to "concentrate on priorities." Sitting on the committee for Civil Service Reform he successfully widened access to entry for scientists.
From 1971, Shackleton was President of the Royal Geographical Society. Lord Shackleton was appointed a Knight Companion of the Order of the Garter in 1974. From 1976 until 1992 he was Chairman of the joint-Political Honours and Scrutiny Committee. Lord Shackleton's report, commissioned by James Callaghan described the economic future of the Falkland Islands, the value of the being British to the islanders, and how their lot could be improved.
Between 1988-89 he chaired the Lords Science and Technology Committee, which culminated in 1989 when he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society under Statute 12 (effectively an honorary member).[4] He was also Chairman of the East European Trade Council[5]
In 1990 Shackleton was appointed an honorary Companion of the Order of Australia (AC), Australia's highest civilian honour, "for service to Australian/British relations, particularly through the Britain–Australia Society.[6]
Lord Shackleton was Pro-Chancellor of the University of Southampton, in which role he was deeply interested in the development of geography at Southampton.
In 1994 he became the Life President of the newly founded James Caird Society, named after the boat in which his explorer father and crew escaped Antarctica (itself, in turn, named for James Key Caird, jute baron and philanthropist). He acted also as patron of the British Schools Exploring Society (B.S.E.S.) from 1962 until his death in the New Forest aged 83.[7]
Personal life
In 1938, Shackleton married Betty Homan, and they had two children: the Hon. Charles Edward Ernest Shackleton and the Hon. Alexandra Shackleton.
Events Participated in
| Event | Start | End | Location(s) | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bilderberg/1977 | 22 April 1977 | 24 April 1977 | Imperial Hotel Torquay England | The 25th Bilderberg, held in Torquay, England. |
| Bilderberg/1979 | 27 April 1979 | 29 April 1979 | Austria Baden Clubhotel Schloss Weikersdorf | 27th Bilderberg, 95 guests, Austria |
References
- ↑ https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frsbm.1999.0032
- ↑ https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-lord-shackleton-1450860.html
- ↑ https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/37119/supplement/2949
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biographical_Memoirs_of_Fellows_of_the_Royal_Society
- ↑ https://www.theyworkforyou.com/lords/?id=2016-07-07a.2142.0
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20110604114946/http://www.itsanhonour.gov.au/honours/honour_roll/search.cfm?aus_award_id=882096&search_type=simple&showInd=true
- ↑ Who's Who and Who was Who, (London, 2018)
